發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 10:43

【摘要】：隨著我國高鐵技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,深埋長大隧道的設計應用日益增多,而這些隧道常常需要穿越一些不良地質(zhì)、巖體破碎和巖性不穩(wěn)定地區(qū),在施工過程中會因開挖、爆破等外力作用產(chǎn)生擾動,導致原本受力平衡的巖體應力發(fā)生重新分配,在應力重分配的過程中應力會通過彈性波的形式釋放出來,即聲發(fā)射現(xiàn)象。聲發(fā)射源產(chǎn)生的信號包含了巖體破裂點位置、釋放能量大小、規(guī)模等有關(guān)巖體損傷程度的信息。因此可以通過分析聲發(fā)射信號研究巖體損傷的演化規(guī)律。而其中最受關(guān)心的是巖體受擾動的位置,也就是聲發(fā)射源的位置。通過確定聲發(fā)射源的位置達到對整個巖體的穩(wěn)定性評價的目的。本文介紹了聲發(fā)射技術(shù)的理論基礎、常用的定位方法及主要應用領(lǐng)域,總結(jié)了聲發(fā)射特性并分析了影響聲發(fā)射定位精度的主要因素。針對現(xiàn)有定位軟件僅根據(jù)單一聲發(fā)射事件的P波進行定位的不足,提出了結(jié)合概率統(tǒng)計中的變異系數(shù)用S波對兩個連續(xù)發(fā)生的聲發(fā)射源進行定位的方法,主要研究內(nèi)容有：1、利用有限元數(shù)值模擬方法模擬連續(xù)產(chǎn)生的兩個聲發(fā)射源的波場,直觀的揭示了兩個連續(xù)聲發(fā)射源產(chǎn)生的波場傳播特征。2、巖石聲發(fā)射波場是包含P波,S波和面波及來自各個巖層分界面產(chǎn)生的干擾波構(gòu)成的復雜波場。數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果表明P波和S波經(jīng)過界面反射和折射以后,產(chǎn)生的各種波型對第二個聲發(fā)射源產(chǎn)生的P波影響較大,S波影響較小�；谀芰�、幅值關(guān)系,提出了利用具有強能量、強幅值的橫波對連續(xù)產(chǎn)生的兩個聲發(fā)射源定位。3、連續(xù)產(chǎn)生的兩個聲發(fā)射源的波場經(jīng)過相互干涉、重疊會導致原本振幅較小的波型振幅變大,如果直接拾取振幅較大的S波進行定位可能會導致定位不準。針對這種情況,引入概率統(tǒng)計中的變異系數(shù)對每組聲發(fā)射源定位結(jié)果進行判定,篩除定位偏差較大的定位點。本文的研究為利用S波初至到時實現(xiàn)對連續(xù)產(chǎn)生的兩個聲發(fā)射源進行定位提供了理論基礎,該方法有效的解決了連續(xù)發(fā)生的兩個聲發(fā)射源所產(chǎn)生的波場之間相互干擾情況下的定位。對于巖石大規(guī)模的聲發(fā)射事件定位,預測巖體損傷區(qū)域和演化規(guī)律具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed railway technology in China, the design and application of deep buried long tunnels are increasing day by day, and these tunnels often need to pass through some areas of bad geology, rock mass fragmentation and unstable lithology, which will be excavated during construction. In the process of stress redistribution, the stress will be released in the form of elastic wave, that is, acoustic emission phenomenon. The signals generated by acoustic emission sources contain information about rock mass damage degree, such as the location of rock mass rupture point, the magnitude of energy released and the scale of rock mass damage. Therefore, the evolution of rock mass damage can be studied by analyzing acoustic emission signals. The most important concern is the position of rock mass disturbed, that is, the position of acoustic emission source. The stability of the whole rock mass is evaluated by determining the position of acoustic emission source. This paper introduces the theoretical basis of acoustic emission technology, common positioning methods and main application fields, summarizes the characteristics of acoustic emission and analyzes the main factors that affect the accuracy of acoustic emission positioning. In order to solve the problem that the existing localization software is only based on the P-wave of a single acoustic emission event, a method of locating two continuous acoustic emission sources using S-wave combined with the variation coefficient in probability and statistics is proposed. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The wave field of two continuous acoustic emission sources is simulated by the finite element numerical simulation method. The propagation characteristics of wave field generated by two continuous acoustic emission sources are revealed intuitively. 2. The wave field of rock acoustic emission is a complex wave field consisting of P wave, S wave and surface wave, which are composed of interference waves from the interface of various strata. The results of numerical simulation show that after the reflection and refraction of the interface between P wave and S wave, the different wave patterns have a great influence on the P wave produced by the second acoustic emission source, and the influence of S wave is relatively small. Based on the relation of energy and amplitude, it is proposed that the S-wave with strong energy and strong amplitude can be used to locate the two continuously generated acoustic emission sources. 3. The wave fields of the two continuously generated acoustic emission sources are interfered with each other. The overlap will cause the amplitude of the wave type with small amplitude to become larger, and if the S wave with larger amplitude is directly picked up for localization, it may lead to inaccurate localization. In view of this situation, the variation coefficient in probability and statistics is introduced to judge the localization results of each group of acoustic emission sources, and the location points with large localization deviation are screened out. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the localization of two continuously generated acoustic emission sources by using the first arrival time of S wave. This method can effectively solve the problem of mutual interference between two acoustic emission sources. It is of great practical significance to predict the damage area and evolution law of rock mass for large-scale acoustic emission event location.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U452;TU45

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 梁正召,唐春安,黃明利,傅宇方;巖石破裂過程中聲發(fā)射模式的數(shù)值模擬[J];東北大學學報;2002年10期

2 劉培洵;劉力強;陳順云;扈小燕;;實驗室聲發(fā)射三維定位軟件[J];地震地質(zhì);2007年03期

3 鄒銀輝,文光才,胡千庭,許進鵬;巖體聲發(fā)射傳播衰減理論分析與試驗研究[J];煤炭學報;2004年06期

4 徐海明;;諾特方程組及佐普里茲方程組問題討論[J];石油地球物理勘探;1990年02期

5 楊紹國,周熙襄;Zoeppritz方程的級數(shù)表達式及近似[J];石油地球物理勘探;1994年04期

6 徐長航;劉立群;陳國明;;鋼制試件拉伸斷裂及疲勞開裂聲發(fā)射特征分析[J];中國石油大學學報(自然科學版);2009年05期

7 法林;張雯;孫繼剛;丁鵬飛;張學良;李西剛;王淑明;馬哲;岳伏生;;巖石界面上的反射/折射系數(shù)的研究與應用Ⅱ:SV-波和SH-波入射的情況[J];石油儀器;2013年04期

8 沈功田,耿榮生,劉時風;聲發(fā)射源定位技術(shù)[J];無損檢測;2002年03期

9 胡新亮,馬勝利,高景春,劉力強,刁桂苓,宋富喜,劉勝國;相對定位方法在非完整巖體聲發(fā)射定位中的應用[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2004年02期

10 陳炳瑞;馮夏庭;肖亞勛;明華軍;張春生;侯靖;褚衛(wèi)江;;深埋隧洞TBM施工過程圍巖損傷演化聲發(fā)射試驗[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2010年08期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前3條

1 康玉梅;基于小波分析的巖石類材料聲發(fā)射源定位方法研究[D];東北大學;2009年

2 劉國華;聲發(fā)射信號處理關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];浙江大學;2008年

3 王朝令;隧道地震超前預報中波場分離與反演方法的數(shù)值模擬研究[D];西南交通大學;2012年

，

本文編號：2265814