濟(jì)南泉域地區(qū)土地利用變化對(duì)降水入滲補(bǔ)給量的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-11 11:10
【摘要】：計(jì)算降水入滲補(bǔ)給量是區(qū)域水資源評(píng)價(jià)的重要內(nèi)容之一,而隨著城市化加劇,土地利用/覆蓋類型變化對(duì)降水入滲補(bǔ)給量的影響也日趨顯著。濟(jì)南是融山、水為一體的旅游城市,以趵突泉常年噴涌而聞名于世。隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,濟(jì)南市人口不斷增加,城市化水平也不斷提高,大規(guī)模開(kāi)發(fā)利用地下水資源等一系列人類活動(dòng),造成地下水資源量減少,地下水位不斷下降,泉水開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)斷流等一些系列問(wèn)題,已嚴(yán)重破壞了濟(jì)南地區(qū)地下水系統(tǒng)的自然平衡。而多年水位動(dòng)態(tài)觀測(cè)資料表明,巖溶水水位及泉水流量變化與大氣降水量密切相關(guān),而城市化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn),伴隨著建設(shè)用地的增加,不透水/弱透水地面面積不斷增加,造成降水入滲補(bǔ)給面積不斷減少,嚴(yán)重影響了降水入滲補(bǔ)給量�；诖�,本文以研究課題《濟(jì)南泉域水資源演化趨勢(shì)》為依托,在充分分析研究區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,利用3S技術(shù)分析濟(jì)南泉域地區(qū)1985年、2000年、2015年土地利用/覆蓋覆蓋的演化規(guī)律,并結(jié)合濟(jì)南市土地利用規(guī)劃,利用CA-Markov模型對(duì)2030年土地利用類型進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),從而對(duì)降水入滲補(bǔ)給范圍進(jìn)行研究,借助WetSpass模型估算在土地利用/覆蓋變化條件下濟(jì)南巖溶地區(qū)降水入滲補(bǔ)給量,得出以下幾點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí):1.研究區(qū)土地利用變化規(guī)律1985~2000年,耕地、水域和其他用地面積呈減少趨勢(shì),建設(shè)用地面積呈現(xiàn)快速增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),而草地林地面積變化不大;2000~2015年,耕地、草地林地和水域面積均呈現(xiàn)減少趨勢(shì),而建設(shè)用地和其他用地則呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì);2015~2030年,耕地、草地林地、水域及建設(shè)用地面積與2000~2015年變化趨勢(shì)相同,而其他用地所占面積基本不變。以上變化趨勢(shì)說(shuō)明城市化改變了土地利用類型,建設(shè)用地大面積增加,耕地等植被覆蓋用地面積在不斷減少。2.土地利用對(duì)降水入滲量的影響(1)不同土地利用類型下的降水入滲量研究區(qū)其他用地受植物截留和蒸騰的影響較小,降水入滲能力最強(qiáng),植被覆蓋區(qū)降水入滲能力次之,而不透水/弱透水地面及河流湖泊水面的降水入滲能力最弱。(2)土地利用/覆蓋類型變化下降水入滲量的年際變化1985~2000年、2000~2015年、2015~2030年三個(gè)時(shí)段平均降水入滲量分別減少了5.27mm、1.19mm、2.14mm。造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因主要有兩個(gè)方面,其一,隨著城市化擴(kuò)增,土地利用/覆蓋類型發(fā)生了巨大變化,建設(shè)用地的增加,導(dǎo)致區(qū)域內(nèi)不透水/弱透水地面不斷增多,植被覆蓋區(qū)及其他用地隨之減少;其二,在濟(jì)南泉域地區(qū),降水高值區(qū)分布在東北區(qū)的濟(jì)南城區(qū),使得降水直接形成地表徑流排入地下管道,嚴(yán)重影響了降水入滲量。
[Abstract]:The calculation of precipitation infiltration recharge is one of the important contents of regional water resources evaluation, and with the increasing urbanization, the effect of land use / cover type change on precipitation infiltration replenishment is becoming more and more significant. Jinan is a mountain, water as one of the tourist city, to Baotu Spring perennial spewing and world-famous. With the rapid development of social economy, the population of Jinan is increasing, and the level of urbanization is also increasing. A series of human activities, such as large-scale exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources, have resulted in the reduction of groundwater resources and the continuous decline of groundwater levels. A series of problems such as spring water breakage and so on have seriously damaged the natural balance of groundwater system in Jinan area. The dynamic observation data of water level for many years show that the changes of karst water level and spring water flow are closely related to the atmospheric precipitation, and with the increasing of construction land, the impermeable / weakly permeable surface area increases with the development of urbanization. As a result, the recharge area of precipitation infiltration is continuously reduced, which seriously affects the precipitation infiltration recharge. Based on this, based on the research topic "Water Resources Evolution trend in Jinan Spring region", the hydrogeological conditions in the study area are fully analyzed. The evolution of land use / cover in Jinan Spring region in 1985, 2000 and 2015 was analyzed by using 3s technology. Combining with the land use planning of Jinan City, the CA-Markov model was used to predict the land use types in 2030. Therefore, the range of precipitation infiltration recharge is studied, and the precipitation infiltration recharge in Jinan karst area under the condition of land use / cover change is estimated by means of WetSpass model, and the following conclusions are obtained: 1. From 1985 to 2000, the area of cultivated land, water area and other land in the study area showed a decreasing trend, while the area of construction land showed a rapid growth trend, but the area of grassland and woodland did not change much, and from 2000 to 2015, the area of cultivated land showed a tendency of rapid growth. The area of grassland woodland and water area showed a decreasing trend, while the area of construction land and other land showed an increasing trend, and the change trend of cultivated land, grassland forest land, water area and construction land area from 2015 to 2030 was the same as that from 2000 to 2015. The area occupied by other land use is basically unchanged. The above change trend indicates that urbanization has changed the land use type, the large area of construction land has increased, and the area of vegetation cover land such as cultivated land has been decreasing. 2. 2. The effects of land use on precipitation infiltration amount (1) other land use in different land use types is less affected by plant interception and transpiration, precipitation infiltration ability is the strongest, and precipitation infiltration ability in vegetation cover area is the second. The precipitation infiltration capacity of impermeable / weakly permeable surface and river and lake surface is the weakest. (2) the interannual variation of water infiltration volume in the three periods of land use / cover type change is from 1985 to 2000, from 2000 to 2015, from 2015 to 2030, the average precipitation infiltration volume decreases by 5.27 mm-1. 19 mm-1 / 2.14 mm. respectively. There are two main reasons for this phenomenon. First, with the expansion of urbanization, the types of land use / cover have changed greatly, and the increase of construction land has resulted in an increasing number of impermeable / weakly permeable land in the region. The vegetation cover area and other land use decrease along with it. Secondly, in Jinan spring region, the precipitation high value area distributes in the northeast area Jinan urban area, causes the precipitation to form the surface runoff to discharge directly into the underground pipeline, has seriously affected the precipitation infiltration amount.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.6
本文編號(hào)：2263974
[Abstract]:The calculation of precipitation infiltration recharge is one of the important contents of regional water resources evaluation, and with the increasing urbanization, the effect of land use / cover type change on precipitation infiltration replenishment is becoming more and more significant. Jinan is a mountain, water as one of the tourist city, to Baotu Spring perennial spewing and world-famous. With the rapid development of social economy, the population of Jinan is increasing, and the level of urbanization is also increasing. A series of human activities, such as large-scale exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources, have resulted in the reduction of groundwater resources and the continuous decline of groundwater levels. A series of problems such as spring water breakage and so on have seriously damaged the natural balance of groundwater system in Jinan area. The dynamic observation data of water level for many years show that the changes of karst water level and spring water flow are closely related to the atmospheric precipitation, and with the increasing of construction land, the impermeable / weakly permeable surface area increases with the development of urbanization. As a result, the recharge area of precipitation infiltration is continuously reduced, which seriously affects the precipitation infiltration recharge. Based on this, based on the research topic "Water Resources Evolution trend in Jinan Spring region", the hydrogeological conditions in the study area are fully analyzed. The evolution of land use / cover in Jinan Spring region in 1985, 2000 and 2015 was analyzed by using 3s technology. Combining with the land use planning of Jinan City, the CA-Markov model was used to predict the land use types in 2030. Therefore, the range of precipitation infiltration recharge is studied, and the precipitation infiltration recharge in Jinan karst area under the condition of land use / cover change is estimated by means of WetSpass model, and the following conclusions are obtained: 1. From 1985 to 2000, the area of cultivated land, water area and other land in the study area showed a decreasing trend, while the area of construction land showed a rapid growth trend, but the area of grassland and woodland did not change much, and from 2000 to 2015, the area of cultivated land showed a tendency of rapid growth. The area of grassland woodland and water area showed a decreasing trend, while the area of construction land and other land showed an increasing trend, and the change trend of cultivated land, grassland forest land, water area and construction land area from 2015 to 2030 was the same as that from 2000 to 2015. The area occupied by other land use is basically unchanged. The above change trend indicates that urbanization has changed the land use type, the large area of construction land has increased, and the area of vegetation cover land such as cultivated land has been decreasing. 2. 2. The effects of land use on precipitation infiltration amount (1) other land use in different land use types is less affected by plant interception and transpiration, precipitation infiltration ability is the strongest, and precipitation infiltration ability in vegetation cover area is the second. The precipitation infiltration capacity of impermeable / weakly permeable surface and river and lake surface is the weakest. (2) the interannual variation of water infiltration volume in the three periods of land use / cover type change is from 1985 to 2000, from 2000 to 2015, from 2015 to 2030, the average precipitation infiltration volume decreases by 5.27 mm-1. 19 mm-1 / 2.14 mm. respectively. There are two main reasons for this phenomenon. First, with the expansion of urbanization, the types of land use / cover have changed greatly, and the increase of construction land has resulted in an increasing number of impermeable / weakly permeable land in the region. The vegetation cover area and other land use decrease along with it. Secondly, in Jinan spring region, the precipitation high value area distributes in the northeast area Jinan urban area, causes the precipitation to form the surface runoff to discharge directly into the underground pipeline, has seriously affected the precipitation infiltration amount.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.6
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