【摘要】：石英是自然界最常見的礦物,晶瑩剔透的寶石級石英——水晶內(nèi)部通常含有豐富多樣的包裹體,這些包裹體使得水晶不僅具有美學(xué)價值、收藏及經(jīng)濟(jì)價值,也使它成為研究熱點。金紅石是水晶中常見固體包裹體之一,水晶中金紅石顏色豐富,有金色細(xì)絲狀“金發(fā)晶”,棕色“銅發(fā)晶”,銀白色“鈦晶”;形態(tài)分布多樣,有朝一個方向生長的順發(fā)晶,有金紅石呈六個方向的六射“星光發(fā)晶”,還有朝多個方向生長的放射狀金紅石發(fā)晶,也有雜亂無序狀“亂發(fā)晶”;水晶中金紅石針粗細(xì)長短各不相同,有毛發(fā)狀,纖維狀,細(xì)針狀,也有2-5mm寬的板狀金紅石,長度最短肉眼不可見,長著可達(dá)10cm。水晶中金紅石顏色、大小與其生長環(huán)境密切相關(guān),金紅石形態(tài)和延長方向與金紅石最初的形成方式,水晶的生長方向密切相關(guān)。本次研究選取了有代表性的標(biāo)本進(jìn)行了基礎(chǔ)的寶石學(xué)測試,原石和薄片顯微鏡觀察,對其定向生長的金紅石——黑色赤鐵礦包裹體和非定向生長的金紅石進(jìn)行了觀察和研究。通過大量原石標(biāo)本顯微鏡放大觀察和薄片偏反光顯微鏡觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分定向生長的金紅石針依附黑色核心生長,相鄰金紅石針夾角呈60°,金紅石依附基地生長可成六射“金紅石星”,根據(jù)后續(xù)測試黑色基地為含鈦赤鐵礦。觀察測量標(biāo)本中金紅石針夾角,金紅石與核心赤鐵礦結(jié)晶學(xué)關(guān)系的關(guān)系,通過制作金紅石和赤鐵礦的晶體結(jié)構(gòu),查閱文獻(xiàn)分析推測金紅石受依附核心赤鐵礦結(jié)晶學(xué)方向影響出溶生長夾角呈60°。對水晶及內(nèi)部固體包裹體進(jìn)行了電子探針背散射觀察和成分分析、X射線粉晶衍射、紅外光譜、拉曼測試光譜測,得出本次實驗標(biāo)本中金色,棕色固體針狀包裹體為金紅石,金紅石依附生長的黑色核心為含鈦赤鐵礦,金紅石針中鐵含量由核心到末端減少。分析之前的薄片及晶體原石觀察和之后的測試數(shù)據(jù)分析,推測水晶中定向生長的金紅石依附赤鐵礦型包裹體一般由是核心赤鐵礦形成后被水晶包裹,若周圍條件合適,此時金紅石針隨水晶一同生長,金紅石針生長方向固定,生長速率受到水晶生長速率的影響,沿著沿水晶C軸方向金紅石針更長;少數(shù)較小的金紅石-鈦赤鐵礦型包裹體被水晶包裹后不再生長,此時金紅石針生長方向與長度與水晶無關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Quartz is the most common mineral in nature. The crystal with crystal is usually rich in various inclusions, which make the crystal not only of aesthetic value, collection and economic value. It has also become a research hotspot. Rutile is one of the common solid inclusions in crystal. The rutile in the crystal is rich in color, with golden filament "golden hair crystal", brown "copper hair crystal" and silvery white "titanium crystal". There are six-shot "starlight hair crystals" of rutile in six directions, as well as radial rutile hair crystals in many directions, as well as disorderly "random hair crystals." the rutile needles in the crystals are of different sizes, having hair-like and fibrous shapes. Fine needle-shaped, also have 2-5mm wide plate-shaped rutile, the shortest length invisible to the naked eye, up to 10 cm long. The color and size of rutile in the crystal are closely related to its growth environment. The morphology and extension direction of rutile are closely related to the initial formation mode of rutile and the growth direction of crystal. In this study, the representative specimens were selected for the basic gemmological test. The rutile and thin slice microscope were used to observe and study the rutile-black hematite inclusions and the non-directional growth rutile. It was found that most of the directional growth rutile needles were attached to the black core growth through the microscopic magnification observation of a large number of raw stone specimens and the observation of the thin slice deflecting microscope. The angle of the adjacent rutile needle is 60 擄, and the rutile dependency base can be grown into six rutile stars. According to the subsequent test, the black base is ilmeniferous hematite. The crystal structure of rutile and hematite was prepared by observing the relationship between rutile needle angle and the relationship between rutile and core hematite crystallization. It is inferred from literature analysis that the angle of solution growth of rutile is 60 擄influenced by the direction of dependent core hematite crystallization. The X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectrum and Raman spectroscopy were used to observe the crystal and its inner solid inclusions. The results showed that the gold and brown needle-like inclusions were rutile. The black core of rutile is titanium-bearing hematite, and the iron content in rutile needle decreases from core to end. By analyzing the observation of thin slice and crystal primitive stone before and after the analysis of test data, it is inferred that the directional growth of rutile in crystal depends on hematite type inclusions, which are usually wrapped by crystal after the formation of core hematite, if the surrounding conditions are suitable, At this time the rutile needle grows with the crystal, the rutile needle grows in a fixed direction, the growth rate is affected by the crystal growth rate, and the rutile needle along the crystal C axis is longer; A few smaller rutile-titanium hematite inclusions do not grow after they are encapsulated by crystals. At this time the growth direction of rutile needles is independent of the length of crystals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.281

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