【摘要】：準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地及其周緣晚古生代火山巖分布廣泛,且與油氣成藏關(guān)系密切,開發(fā)潛力巨大。準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地火山巖以陸上噴發(fā)為主,水下噴發(fā)火山巖陸續(xù)有所發(fā)現(xiàn)。但二者的識別標(biāo)志及其儲層意義有待進(jìn)一步研究對比。本文立足于前人的研究成果,在此基礎(chǔ)上于研究區(qū)進(jìn)行了野外剖面、火山機(jī)構(gòu)的實地測量,通過收集到的大量原始資料進(jìn)行鏡下鑒定,鑄體薄片分析,地球化學(xué)研究等,對研究區(qū)內(nèi)準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地晚古生代火山巖的巖性、巖相、儲集空間進(jìn)行了分類和描述,對火山巖噴發(fā)就位環(huán)境模式及其對儲層的影響進(jìn)行了研究。得到了以下認(rèn)識及結(jié)論:1、火山巖巖性巖相特征總結(jié)出了適用于研究區(qū)的火山巖巖性巖相分類方案,將準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地晚古生代火山巖分為4大類33種火山巖及相關(guān)巖性,將火山巖相細(xì)分為5相14亞相。2、火山巖噴發(fā)就位環(huán)境的識別歸納總結(jié)并提出了適用于研究區(qū)的火山巖噴發(fā)就位環(huán)境特征的巖石學(xué)對比方案。包括特征巖性類型及組合、特征結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造、蝕變特征、產(chǎn)狀特征、孔隙特征及火山巖巖相特征、巖石顏色、發(fā)育規(guī)模、化石組合等。3、火山巖噴發(fā)就位模式的建立建立了研究區(qū)陸上、水下兩種噴發(fā)環(huán)境的中心式噴發(fā)模式。陸上噴發(fā)火山機(jī)構(gòu)是由巖漿沿火山通道運移至地表直接與空氣接觸形成,空間上以火山頸亞相為中心相帶,外部的噴溢相及爆發(fā)相交替出現(xiàn),平面展布上多為多層同心圓狀,無特殊巖石類型出現(xiàn)。水下噴發(fā)火山機(jī)構(gòu)是由巖漿沿火山通道運移后與水接觸形成,空間上以侵出相內(nèi)帶亞相為中心,整體呈穹隆狀被外部的侵出相外帶亞相覆蓋,可見珍珠巖、石泡流紋巖及膨潤土等特殊巖石類型。4、儲集空間類型及組合特征總結(jié)歸納出研究區(qū)火山巖儲集空間劃分方案,將全部儲集空間類型分為2大類20種,確定了10種儲集空間組合類型,分別為:氣孔型、裂縫型、孔隙型、氣孔+裂縫型、氣孔+溶蝕孔型、裂縫+脫�；仔汀⒄頎疃逊e孔—縫型、氣孔+次生孔+裂縫型、粒間孔+溶蝕孔+裂縫型、溶蝕孔+裂縫型。5、噴發(fā)環(huán)境對儲層的影響陸上噴發(fā)環(huán)境的火山巖儲集空間類型多、氣孔型孔隙相對發(fā)育、柱狀節(jié)理縫發(fā)育、層狀節(jié)理縫發(fā)育、溶蝕孔較為發(fā)育。這些環(huán)境對儲層的影響會提升火山巖儲層的性能,有利于油氣成藏。而水下噴發(fā)環(huán)境的火山巖儲層氣孔不發(fā)育、裂隙被填充、巖石強(qiáng)烈蝕變,這些特點會降低火山巖儲層的儲集性能,但脫玻化作用、熔巖球/枕間孔、有機(jī)質(zhì)對火山巖的潛在影響會提升火山巖儲層的性能,整體上陸上噴發(fā)環(huán)境的火山巖儲集性能要好于水下噴發(fā)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin and its periphery are widely distributed and are closely related to oil and gas accumulation. The volcanic rocks in Junggar basin are mainly land eruption, and underwater eruption volcanic rocks have been discovered one after another. But their identification marks and reservoir significance need to be further studied and contrasted. Based on the previous research results, this paper has carried out the field profile, the field survey of the volcanic mechanism, the microscopic identification through a large amount of raw data collected, the analysis of the casting sheet, and the geochemical study in the study area, etc. The lithology, lithofacies and reservoir space of late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are classified and described. The following understanding and conclusion are obtained: the lithofacies characteristics of volcanic rocks summarize the classification scheme of volcanic lithology and lithofacies suitable for the study area, and the late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin are divided into 4 types and 33 types of volcanic rocks and related lithology. The volcanic facies are subdivided into 5 facies 14 subfacies. 2. The identification of volcanic eruption emplacement environment is summarized and a petrological comparison scheme suitable for the characteristics of volcanic eruption emplacement environment in the study area is put forward. Including characteristic lithologic types and assemblages, structural features, alteration features, occurrence characteristics, pore features and volcanic lithofacies characteristics, rock color, development scale, Fossil assemblage, etc., the volcanic eruption emplacement model has established the central eruption model of two kinds of eruption environments in the study area, land and underwater. The volcanic mechanism of land eruption is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel to the surface of the earth directly in contact with air, with the subfacies of the volcanic neck as the central facies in space, the exhalation facies and the erupting phase alternately, and the plane spreading in the shape of multi-layer concentric circle. No particular rock type occurs. The underwater volcanic eruption mechanism is formed by the magma moving along the volcanic channel and contacting with water. In space, the subfacies of the inner zone of the transgressive facies is the center, and the whole body is covered by the outer subfacies of the external intrusive facies, and perlite can be seen. The special rock types, such as rhyolite, bentonite and so on. 4. The types and assemblages of reservoir space are summarized and summed up. The scheme of space division of volcanic rocks in the study area is summarized, and all the reservoir space types are divided into 2 categories and 20 kinds. Ten types of reservoir space assemblages are determined, which are stomatal type, fracture type, pore crack type, pore dissolution pore type, fracture devitalization pore type, pillow-shaped stacking pore fracture type, pore secondary pore fracture type, and so on. Intergranular pore dissolution pore fracture type, solution pore fracture type. 5. The volcanic reservoir space type of volcanic rock which has the influence of eruption environment on the reservoir is many, the porosity of pore type is relatively developed, the columnar joint is developed, and the layered joint is developed. The dissolution hole is more developed. The effect of these environments on the reservoir will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir and facilitate oil and gas accumulation. However, the porosity of volcanic reservoir in underwater eruption environment is not developed, the fissure is filled, and the rock is strongly altered. These characteristics will reduce the reservoir performance of volcanic rock reservoir, but devitrification, lava ball / occipital pore, The potential effect of organic matter on volcanic rock will improve the performance of volcanic reservoir, and the reservoir performance of volcanic rock in land eruption environment is better than that in underwater eruption environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13;P588.14

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本文編號：2260207