發(fā)布時間：2018-09-04 12:19

【摘要】：貴州是我國鋁土礦資源儲量大省,同時鋁土礦也是貴州省的優(yōu)勢礦種之一,資源豐富、礦石質(zhì)量好、分布廣泛、礦床規(guī)模大,其勘探工作始于20世紀40年代,歷經(jīng)70多年的勘探與綜合研究工作,截止2014年12月共探獲資源量約12.9億噸,居全國第二位(劉幼平,等,2016),然而受限制于環(huán)境因素;鋁土礦開發(fā)、開采技術(shù)偏低因素;外部地理條件不佳等因素,貴州地區(qū)對于鋁土礦的開采均處于地層淺表地區(qū)或者露天區(qū)域,并且所開采的鋁土礦也是品位達到優(yōu)良級別礦體,對其研究多屬局部區(qū)域、相對零散的研究。然而伴隨現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的是不斷嚴峻的資源消耗需求,對于鋁礦產(chǎn)資源的需求同樣也變的尤為重要,對新的鋁土礦資源的發(fā)現(xiàn)也變得十分緊迫,同時,這也為鋁土礦資源的勘查開發(fā)帶來了巨大的動力。本次研究區(qū)域平寨地區(qū)的鋁土礦臨近息烽、修文等鋁土礦床,擁有與這些鋁土礦床相類似的區(qū)域地質(zhì)特征和相近的鋁土礦沉積地質(zhì)條件。盡管如此,區(qū)域相互領(lǐng)近,但是對于平寨地區(qū)的礦產(chǎn)資源勘查工作開展的非常有限,程度也不足,對鋁土礦的調(diào)查也遠遠不如相鄰地區(qū)鋁土礦。通過筆者這次在平寨地區(qū)地質(zhì)調(diào)查,對區(qū)域內(nèi)賦存的鋁土礦體進行調(diào)查研究工作,在對區(qū)域地質(zhì)進行調(diào)查研究同時對礦體進行詳細勘查,以區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景為前提,揭示礦體的地質(zhì)背景,查明鋁土礦礦體的相關(guān)特征,并與本區(qū)相鄰區(qū)域已發(fā)現(xiàn)或已開采的鋁土礦進行對比,橫向比對鋁土礦形成所需地質(zhì)背景特征與礦體形成條件、制約因素等,同時也受前人所開展的鋁礦產(chǎn)勘探研究成果的啟示,對平寨地區(qū)鋁土礦資源的形成原因進行了探討,期望對本研究區(qū)的鋁礦產(chǎn)資源未來勘查、開發(fā)工作提供參考。本次研究的地區(qū)——平寨穹窿行政區(qū)劃處于貴州省西北的大方縣、黔西縣和金沙縣這三個縣區(qū)交界位置,大地構(gòu)造位置處于華南板塊內(nèi)部的上揚子區(qū)塊內(nèi),穹窿本身也處于“黔中隆起”區(qū)北端,靠近北面的坳陷區(qū)域,屬于大方——黔西的北東方向的弱變形區(qū)塊�！扒新∑稹眱�(nèi)部構(gòu)造運動特點明顯:具有多期次性、多旋回的特征,區(qū)域內(nèi)部大部分區(qū)域?qū)儆诨准由w層兩部形成。這對于沉積型礦產(chǎn)的形成提供母巖基質(zhì)、穹窿構(gòu)造的普遍發(fā)育也為不同沉積礦產(chǎn)形成提供空間。所以“黔中隆起”區(qū)域內(nèi)礦產(chǎn)資源豐富,也有很多研究者對其進行過研究調(diào)查,但對本次研究區(qū)域內(nèi)部鋁土礦的研究鮮少見之。筆者通過調(diào)查研究了解到:本區(qū)鋁土礦體主體產(chǎn)于中二疊統(tǒng)梁山組地層中,平寨穹窿是礦體的主體構(gòu)造,礦體呈層狀、似層狀賦存于含礦巖系的底部,礦石礦物成份以一水硬鋁石為主,礦石化學(xué)成份主要有A12O3、SiO2、TiO2等為主,礦石的結(jié)構(gòu)以豆狀、鮞狀、泥晶、粉晶等結(jié)構(gòu)為主,而礦石的構(gòu)造特征則為致密塊狀構(gòu)造和半土狀構(gòu)造以及塊狀構(gòu)造,自然狀態(tài)下的礦石有半土狀、豆鮞狀鋁土礦、致密狀鋁土礦等。礦體為沉積型礦體,由母巖風化后經(jīng)一系列物理化學(xué)作用將富鋁碎屑物經(jīng)過后期沉積、變質(zhì)最后富集。而礦體受古氣候、古地理環(huán)境、構(gòu)造演化、地層特征等多種因素控制。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)本區(qū)鋁土礦體基本符合Ⅲ級硬質(zhì)耐火粘土的礦石質(zhì)量要求,礦體厚度也大于開采厚度;不足之處在于CaO略高,超過0.8%的一般要求,僅可作為普通耐火粘土資源加以利用。
[Abstract]:Guizhou is a province with large bauxite reserves in China. At the same time, bauxite is one of the dominant minerals in Guizhou Province. It has abundant resources, good ore quality, wide distribution and large-scale deposits. Its exploration began in the 1940s. After more than 70 years of exploration and comprehensive research work, about 1.29 billion tons of bauxite resources have been discovered by December 2014, ranking the first in China. Two (Liu Youping, et al., 2016), however, are limited by environmental factors; bauxite development, mining technology is low; external geographical conditions are not good and other factors, the mining of bauxite in Guizhou area are in shallow strata or open-pit areas, and the mining of bauxite is also good grade ore bodies, its research is mostly belong to However, with the development of modern economy, the demand of resource consumption is becoming more and more severe. The discovery of new bauxite resources is becoming more and more urgent. At the same time, it also brings great impetus to the exploration and development of bauxite resources. The bauxite deposits in Pingzhai area are close to Xifeng, Xiuwen and other bauxite deposits. They have similar regional geological characteristics and similar sedimentary geological conditions. However, the areas are close to each other, but the exploration work of mineral resources in Pingzhai area is very limited and insufficient. Through the author's geological survey in Pingzhai area, the bauxite ore bodies in the region are investigated and studied, and the ore bodies are also explored in detail. The geological background of the ore bodies is revealed and the bauxite ore deposits are identified on the premise of the regional geological background. Compared with the bauxite discovered or mined in the adjacent area, the geological background characteristics needed for the formation of bauxite, the forming conditions and restricting factors of bauxite are compared horizontally, and the formation reasons of bauxite resources in Pingzhai area are discussed based on the results of previous research on bauxite exploration. The administrative division of Pingzhai dome is located at the junction of Dafang County in Northwest Guizhou Province, Qianxi County and Jinsha County, and the geotectonic position is in the upper Yangtze block within the South China plate, and the dome itself is also located. Located in the northern end of the "Central Guizhou Uplift" area, the depression area near the North belongs to the weak NE-trending deformation block of Dafang-western Guizhou. The structural movement of the "Central Guizhou Uplift" is characterized by multi-period and multi-cycle, and most of the areas in the region are formed by two parts of the basement and caprock. This is the shape of sedimentary mineral resources. Therefore, there are abundant mineral resources in the "central Guizhou uplift" area, and many researchers have studied and investigated it. But the study of bauxite in this study area is rare. The author has found that: the area of aluminium is rich in mineral resources. The main body of the earth ore body occurs in the Liangshan Formation strata of the Middle Permian. The Pingzhai dome is the main structure of the ore body. The ore body is stratified and occurs at the bottom of the ore-bearing rock series. The mineral composition of the ore is mainly diaspore. The chemical composition of the ore is mainly A12O3, SiO2, TiO2 and so on. The structure of the ore is beady, oolitic, mud crystal and powder crystal. The main structural features of the ore are dense massive structure, semi-soil structure and massive structure. The natural state of the ore is semi-soil-like, oolitic bauxite, dense bauxite and so on. The ore body is sedimentary type, weathered by the parent rock after a series of physical and chemical processes will be rich in aluminium clastic deposits, metamorphism and finally enrichment. The ore body is controlled by many factors such as palaeoclimate, palaeogeographic environment, tectonic evolution, stratigraphic characteristics, etc. It is found that the bauxite ore body in this area basically meets the ore quality requirements of grade III hard refractory clay, and the thickness of the ore body is also greater than the mining thickness. The source is utilized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.45

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