【摘要】：我國山地的面積約占土地總面積的三分之二,是世界上發(fā)生滑坡地震災(zāi)害較多的國家之一。泥石流、崩塌、滑坡等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻繁的發(fā)生,對區(qū)域的地質(zhì)環(huán)境往往起到了破壞性的作用,同時威脅了人們的生命安危,損害了人們的財產(chǎn)安全,這必然嚴(yán)重影響到了工程建設(shè)活動的安全和社會經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,對于滑坡的研究分析是一項十分重要的內(nèi)容。頭道溝松散堆積層滑坡是—中型淺層土質(zhì)滑坡,它直接威脅了頭道溝下游礦山選礦車間以及礦區(qū)道路的安全使用,并且在暴雨季節(jié)有發(fā)生泥石流的可能性,直接經(jīng)濟損失巨大,潛在經(jīng)濟損失無法估量。這給當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳拓敭a(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重威脅。因此對頭道溝松散堆積層滑坡形成的地質(zhì)環(huán)境背景、特征、穩(wěn)定性進行研究,并預(yù)測其發(fā)展趨勢以及提出治理方案,不但能夠為該地區(qū)人們的防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作提供有效的理論依據(jù),而且也能為其他地質(zhì)環(huán)境類似地區(qū)的滑坡研究提供一定的依據(jù)。本論文以頭道溝松散堆積層滑坡為研究對象,首先論述了該滑坡形成的的地質(zhì)環(huán)境背景,進而對滑坡的基本特征、巖土體的物理力學(xué)特征、變性特征及形成原因進行了分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)了采用定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合的方法,對該滑坡的穩(wěn)定性進行了分析與評價,最后對其發(fā)展趨勢進行了分析及預(yù)測,提出了三種治理方案,并采用模糊綜合評判的方法對其進行了優(yōu)選。主要得到了以下結(jié)論:(1)頭道溝松散堆積層滑坡為一中型牽引式滑坡,平面形態(tài)呈舌型,滑體長約745m,寬約30-80m,厚3-30m,體積約90×104m3,滑體物質(zhì)以第四系松散堆積物為主;滑帶為堆積碎石土底部和下伏基巖頂面的接觸帶,傾向近正北;滑床為泥盆系硅質(zhì)板巖,風(fēng)化強度中度;在滑坡中部可見多條拉張裂縫,走向與滑向垂直,勘察期間仍處于擴展延伸階段。(2)通過對頭道溝松散堆積層滑坡的穩(wěn)定性進行分析得出:在天然狀態(tài)下,該滑坡處于基本穩(wěn)定狀態(tài);在飽和狀態(tài)下,該滑坡處于不穩(wěn)定性狀態(tài),滑坡失穩(wěn)下滑的可能性較大;在地震作用下,滑坡整體處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),滑坡失穩(wěn)下滑的可能性極大。(3)在對該滑坡發(fā)展趨勢進行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出三種具體的治理方案:截排水+抗滑支擋+坡改梯+生物固土方案、分級微型樁+錨索擋墻+截排水+生物固化方案和分級刷方+鉛絲籠擋墻+截排水+生物固化方案。最后運用模糊評判方法對其進行優(yōu)化選擇,得出截排水+抗滑支擋+坡改梯+生物固土方案為治理該滑坡的最優(yōu)方案。
[Abstract]:The mountainous area of our country accounts for about 2/3 of the total land area, and it is one of the countries with more landslide and earthquake disasters in the world. The frequent occurrence of debris flows, landslides, landslides and other geological disasters has often played a destructive role in the regional geological environment. At the same time, it has threatened the lives of people and damaged the safety of people's property. This must seriously affect the safety of engineering construction activities and the sustainable development of social economy. Therefore, the research and analysis of landslide is a very important content. The loose accumulation layer landslide in Tudaogou is a medium shallow soil landslide, which directly threatens the safe use of mine dressing workshop and mining road in the lower reaches of Tudaogou, and has the possibility of debris flow in the torrential rain season, and the direct economic loss is huge. Potential economic losses are incalculable. This poses a serious threat to the lives and property of the local people. Therefore, the geological environment background, characteristics and stability of the landslide formed in the loose accumulation layer of Tudaogou are studied, and the development trend is forecasted and the treatment scheme is put forward. It can not only provide effective theoretical basis for people's disaster prevention and mitigation in this area, but also provide certain basis for landslide research in other similar geological environment areas. This paper takes the Tudaogou loose accumulation layer landslide as the research object, first discusses the geological environment background of the landslide formation, and then analyzes the basic characteristics of the landslide, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the rock and soil, the denaturation characteristics and the causes of formation. On this basis, the stability of the landslide is analyzed and evaluated by combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis. Finally, the development trend of the landslide is analyzed and predicted, and three control schemes are put forward. The method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to select it. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Tudaogou loose layer landslide is a medium type traction landslide with a tongue shape, about 745m in length, 30-80m in width, 3-30m in thickness and 90 脳 104m3 in volume. The slip zone is the contact zone between the bottom of the deposited gravel and the top of the lower voluminous rock, and tends to be near the north, and the sliding bed is the Devonian siliceous slate with moderate weathering intensity. In the middle of the landslide, there are many extensional fractures, and the strike is vertical to the sliding direction. During the survey period, the landslide is still in the extended extension stage. (2) through the analysis of the stability of the loose accumulation layer landslide in the Tudaogou, it is concluded that the landslide is basically stable in the natural state, and the landslide is in the unstable state in the saturated state. Under the earthquake action, the landslide is in an unstable state, and the landslide instability and slide is very likely. (3) based on the analysis of the development trend of the landslide, Three specific treatment schemes are put forward: the biological soil consolidation scheme of intercepting drainage anti-slide retaining slope changing ladder, the bio-solidifying scheme of intercepting drainage of classified micro-pile anchor cable retaining wall and the bio-solidification scheme of graded lead-cage retaining wall. Finally, the fuzzy evaluation method is used to optimize the selection, and it is concluded that the biological soil consolidation scheme of blocking slope with anti-slide support is the best scheme for the treatment of the landslide.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22

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