高性能超聲反射測井儀設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-26 21:40
【摘要】：超聲反射測井是一種經(jīng)典的測井方法,在目前的油氣勘探中,仍然有很多的應(yīng)用。隨著解決地質(zhì)問題難度的增加,對超聲反射測井儀器的性能提出了更高的要求,主要反映在：①要求記錄的動(dòng)態(tài)范圍增加,精度提高；②要求能自動(dòng)補(bǔ)償井液對超聲波的衰減,使儀器能夠適應(yīng)不同比重泥漿環(huán)境的測井需求；③進(jìn)一步提高儀器的集成度,以適應(yīng)不同井徑油井的測井；④進(jìn)一步降低儀器的功耗,提高儀器的高溫特性；⑤將井壁超聲成像和超聲固井質(zhì)量檢測兩類儀器合二為一提高儀器的工作效率。針對這些要求,本文根據(jù)超聲反射原理,論述了超聲反射井壁聲幅成像和固井質(zhì)量檢測的基本方法,進(jìn)行了不同井壁波阻抗、不同泥漿比重環(huán)境下超聲反射回波信號的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,為儀器的設(shè)計(jì)和研制提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出和論證了超聲反射測井儀的設(shè)計(jì)方案,重點(diǎn)針對儀器高性能的要求,采用了最新的軍用級或汽車級集成電子器件,設(shè)計(jì)了新型的超聲發(fā)射電路,增加了泥漿對超聲衰減的補(bǔ)償模塊,選用動(dòng)態(tài)范圍更大、集成度更高的A/D量化器,盡可能采用低壓電源進(jìn)行儀器供電。通過上述方案和措施,使儀器的集成度更高,功耗更低,溫度性能更好,數(shù)據(jù)記錄精度更準(zhǔn),對不同比重的泥漿、不同井徑環(huán)境的適應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)。經(jīng)過開發(fā)、調(diào)試和實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,儀器達(dá)到了預(yù)定的設(shè)計(jì)要求。本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于：①針對常規(guī)的超聲反射電纜測井中高壓單窄脈沖超聲發(fā)射電路功耗大、體積大、溫度壓力引起頻偏的問題,設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了基于CMOS集成開關(guān)的超聲子波發(fā)射電路,達(dá)到了功耗低、效率高、體積小、性能穩(wěn)定的要求；②針對大范圍比重泥漿對超聲波衰減嚴(yán)重的問題,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了時(shí)變壓控增益放大器,對回波信號進(jìn)行時(shí)變增益放大,補(bǔ)償了超聲回波信號在泥漿中的衰減,提高了回波到達(dá)時(shí)間檢測的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性；③將超聲電視成像測井儀與超聲固井質(zhì)量檢測儀兩種儀器合二為一,使一套儀器既可進(jìn)行井壁電視成像,又可獲取全波列回波信息進(jìn)行第一界面固井質(zhì)量評價(jià)。綜上,本文的研究工作解決了目前超聲反射測井儀器的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題,其結(jié)果對提高儀器的性能及實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用有重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic reflection logging is a classical logging method, which still has many applications in oil and gas exploration. With the increasing difficulty in solving geological problems, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of ultrasonic reflection logging tools, which are mainly reflected in the increase of the dynamic range of the recording required by 1: 1 and the improvement of the accuracy required to automatically compensate the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave caused by the well fluid. So that the tool can meet the logging requirements of different specific gravity mud environment to further improve the integration of the tool, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the tool and improve the high temperature characteristics of the tool. (5) two kinds of instruments, ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cementing quality testing, are combined to improve the working efficiency of the instruments. According to the principle of ultrasonic reflection, the basic methods of ultrasonic reflection acoustic amplitude imaging and cementing quality detection are discussed in this paper. The experimental study of echo signal reflected by ultrasonic under different mud specific gravity provides experimental basis for the design and development of the instrument. On this basis, the design scheme of ultrasonic reflection logging tool is put forward and proved. According to the requirements of high performance of the instrument, a new type of ultrasonic emission circuit is designed by adopting the latest integrated electronic devices of military grade or automobile level. The compensation module for ultrasonic attenuation of mud is added, and the A / D quantizer with larger dynamic range and higher integration is selected, and the instrument is supplied with low voltage power as far as possible. Through the above schemes and measures, the instrument has higher integration, lower power consumption, better temperature performance, more accurate data recording accuracy, better adaptability to mud with different specific gravity and different well diameter environment. After development, debugging and experiment, the results show that the instrument meets the design requirements. The main innovation of this paper is to solve the problem of frequency deviation caused by temperature and pressure in conventional ultrasonic reflection cable logging with high power consumption, large volume and large volume. The ultrasonic wavelet emission circuit based on CMOS integrated switch is designed and developed, which meets the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency, small volume and stable performance. The time-varying voltage-controlled gain amplifier is designed and realized, which amplifies the echo signal with time-varying gain, compensates the attenuation of ultrasonic echo signal in mud, and improves the accuracy and reliability of echo arrival time detection. (3) the combination of ultrasonic imaging logging tool and ultrasonic cementing quality detector makes one set of tools can be used not only for the television imaging of borehole lining, but also for the evaluation of cementing quality at the first interface by obtaining the echo information of full wave train. In summary, the research work in this paper has solved several key technical problems of ultrasonic reflection logging tool at present, and its results have important practical value to improve the performance of the instrument and practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.83
本文編號：2206239
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic reflection logging is a classical logging method, which still has many applications in oil and gas exploration. With the increasing difficulty in solving geological problems, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of ultrasonic reflection logging tools, which are mainly reflected in the increase of the dynamic range of the recording required by 1: 1 and the improvement of the accuracy required to automatically compensate the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave caused by the well fluid. So that the tool can meet the logging requirements of different specific gravity mud environment to further improve the integration of the tool, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the tool and improve the high temperature characteristics of the tool. (5) two kinds of instruments, ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cementing quality testing, are combined to improve the working efficiency of the instruments. According to the principle of ultrasonic reflection, the basic methods of ultrasonic reflection acoustic amplitude imaging and cementing quality detection are discussed in this paper. The experimental study of echo signal reflected by ultrasonic under different mud specific gravity provides experimental basis for the design and development of the instrument. On this basis, the design scheme of ultrasonic reflection logging tool is put forward and proved. According to the requirements of high performance of the instrument, a new type of ultrasonic emission circuit is designed by adopting the latest integrated electronic devices of military grade or automobile level. The compensation module for ultrasonic attenuation of mud is added, and the A / D quantizer with larger dynamic range and higher integration is selected, and the instrument is supplied with low voltage power as far as possible. Through the above schemes and measures, the instrument has higher integration, lower power consumption, better temperature performance, more accurate data recording accuracy, better adaptability to mud with different specific gravity and different well diameter environment. After development, debugging and experiment, the results show that the instrument meets the design requirements. The main innovation of this paper is to solve the problem of frequency deviation caused by temperature and pressure in conventional ultrasonic reflection cable logging with high power consumption, large volume and large volume. The ultrasonic wavelet emission circuit based on CMOS integrated switch is designed and developed, which meets the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency, small volume and stable performance. The time-varying voltage-controlled gain amplifier is designed and realized, which amplifies the echo signal with time-varying gain, compensates the attenuation of ultrasonic echo signal in mud, and improves the accuracy and reliability of echo arrival time detection. (3) the combination of ultrasonic imaging logging tool and ultrasonic cementing quality detector makes one set of tools can be used not only for the television imaging of borehole lining, but also for the evaluation of cementing quality at the first interface by obtaining the echo information of full wave train. In summary, the research work in this paper has solved several key technical problems of ultrasonic reflection logging tool at present, and its results have important practical value to improve the performance of the instrument and practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.83
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 王建華;;聲波測井技術(shù)綜述[J];工程地球物理學(xué)報(bào);2006年05期
2 侯勇慧,林長吉;FPGA在井壁超聲成像測井模塊中的應(yīng)用[J];石油儀器;2002年05期
，本文編號：2206239
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