【摘要】：隨鉆密度測(cè)井技術(shù)在現(xiàn)代測(cè)井中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,它能夠在鉆井過(guò)程中對(duì)復(fù)雜油氣藏進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),同時(shí)對(duì)鉆井方向進(jìn)行導(dǎo)向。在實(shí)際測(cè)井過(guò)程中,井下環(huán)境非常復(fù)雜,并且處于高溫、高振動(dòng)的狀態(tài),對(duì)儀器的通訊以及系統(tǒng)采集控制的可靠性提出了高要求,因此研發(fā)具有穩(wěn)定通訊和可靠采集的井下測(cè)量電路具有重要意義。隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀通過(guò)產(chǎn)生伽馬射線,記錄地層中伽馬射線的能量譜范圍,根據(jù)不同的能量譜范圍,來(lái)劃分巖性、分析沉積環(huán)境。本文首先介紹了隨鉆密度測(cè)井系統(tǒng)的外部應(yīng)用環(huán)境,詳述了隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀的總體結(jié)構(gòu)以及采集流程;然后根據(jù)測(cè)井需求設(shè)計(jì)了通訊及控制模塊,主要包括通訊控制電路和電源控制電路。隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀通訊及控制模塊采用“FPGA+MCU”的控制架構(gòu),能夠根據(jù)命令上傳采集參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了中控系統(tǒng)對(duì)儀器的實(shí)時(shí)控制;通訊及控制模塊連接了隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀中各個(gè)功能模塊,通過(guò)控制各功能模塊協(xié)同工作,使得隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀能夠在井下自主采集,并存儲(chǔ)必要的采集信息;通訊及控制模塊設(shè)計(jì)有電源選擇電路,能夠?qū)θ饭╇婋娫窗磧?yōu)先級(jí)自動(dòng)進(jìn)行選擇,并通過(guò)DC-DC降壓電路,產(chǎn)生所需的±12V,±5V,+3.3V,+2.5V和+1.2V等供電電壓;隨鉆密度測(cè)井儀中,還設(shè)計(jì)有電壓/電流監(jiān)測(cè)電路,能夠?qū)﹃P(guān)鍵模塊的供電電壓、電流和電量進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),并存儲(chǔ)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)。最后,本文介紹了對(duì)通訊及控制模塊設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證的一些實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)測(cè)試通訊控制功能、異常處理功能、存儲(chǔ)功能,驗(yàn)證了通訊控制電路的穩(wěn)定性;通過(guò)測(cè)試供電電源的智能切換,監(jiān)測(cè)供電,驗(yàn)證了供電系統(tǒng)的可靠性。此外,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)聯(lián)合測(cè)試,讀出采集數(shù)據(jù),得到數(shù)據(jù)曲線圖,表明了通訊及控制模塊設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Density logging while drilling plays an important role in modern logging. It can evaluate complex oil and gas reservoirs and guide drilling direction during drilling. In the actual logging process, the downhole environment is very complex, and it is in the state of high temperature and high vibration. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop downhole measuring circuit with stable communication and reliable acquisition. By producing gamma rays, the density logging tool records the energy spectrum range of gamma rays in the formation. According to the different energy spectrum ranges, the lithology is divided and the sedimentary environment is analyzed. In this paper, the external application environment of the density logging system while drilling is introduced, and the overall structure and acquisition process of the density logging tool are described in detail, and then the communication and control modules are designed according to the logging requirements. Mainly include communication control circuit and power control circuit. The communication and control module of the density logging tool while drilling adopts the control structure of "FPGA MCU", which can upload the acquisition parameters according to the command, and realize the real-time control of the instrument by the central control system. The communication and control module connects each function module in the density logging tool while drilling. By controlling each function module to work together, the density while drilling logging tool can collect independently in the downhole and store the necessary acquisition information. The communication and control module is designed with a power supply selection circuit, which can automatically select three power supply sources according to priority, and generate the required power supply voltages of 鹵12V, 鹵5V, 3.3V, 2.5V and 1.2V through the DC-DC step-down circuit. A voltage / current monitoring circuit is also designed, which can monitor the supply voltage, current and quantity of the key modules in real time, and store the monitoring data. Finally, this paper introduces some experiments to verify the design of communication and control module. The stability of the communication control circuit is verified by testing the communication control function, the exception handling function and the storage function, and the reliability of the power supply system is verified by testing the intelligent switching of the power supply and monitoring the power supply. In addition, through the joint test of the system, the collected data are read out, and the graph of the data is obtained, which shows that the design of the communication and control module has achieved the expected goal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P631.83

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