云南省上芒崗金礦成礦規(guī)律研究及找礦預測
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-23 13:30
【摘要】：上芒崗金礦位于三江構造轉(zhuǎn)換部位西南緣與印度地塊-高黎貢山變質(zhì)地體東緣過渡區(qū)的滇西龍陵-瑞麗大斷裂南東側(cè)的北東向次級斷裂上芒崗斷裂內(nèi),該區(qū)屬于高黎貢山構造-巖漿-變質(zhì)-成礦帶,北東向的上芒崗斷裂構造破碎帶和不整合面、古巖溶面復合控制了已知金礦化。該礦床是怒江以西地區(qū)首次發(fā)現(xiàn)的卡林型金礦床。但由于礦區(qū)內(nèi)基礎地質(zhì)和礦產(chǎn)地質(zhì)研究程度仍然相對薄弱,礦區(qū)內(nèi)及外圍地區(qū)找礦投入較少,近年來金礦接替資源嚴重不足,急需加強理論研究從而指導找礦。本文在大量野外工作的基礎上,通過分析區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景,綜合應用構造地質(zhì)學、巖石學、礦物學、礦床學、地球化學、同位素地質(zhì)學等多學科的理論和方法,對上芒崗金礦的礦床地質(zhì)特征、礦床成因和控礦因素進行了全面分析研究,確認了上芒崗金礦的成礦模式,定性確定了找礦標志,圈定了5個找礦遠景區(qū),優(yōu)選3個找礦靶區(qū),并經(jīng)工程驗證取得了很好的找礦效果。本次研究獲得了豐富的成果,取得了以下認識：(1)上芒崗金礦產(chǎn)于龍陵一瑞麗斷裂帶中的潞西金礦成礦帶,屬于構造轉(zhuǎn)換活動區(qū)的次級伸展構造單元。金礦帶呈北東-南西向帶狀展布,嚴格受上芒崗斷裂的控制,上盤為勐戛組,下盤為沙子坡組。礦床地質(zhì)構造表現(xiàn)為斷裂破碎蝕變帶組合,上芒崗金礦包括紅色粘土型金礦和位于下部的原生卡林型金礦兩個成礦系列。(2)上芒崗金礦地表紅色粘土層厚度不一,紅色粘土型金礦體覆蓋于原生卡林型礦體之上,紅色粘土剖面具顯著分帶性,紅土化作用不成熟,其下部與原生卡林型礦體過渡接觸,研究表明紅色粘土型礦體與原生卡林型礦體具成因上的聯(lián)系性,紅色粘土型礦體是原生卡林型礦體經(jīng)一系列表生作用(尤其是紅土化作用)而形成。(3)上芒崗金礦礦石類型主要劃分為紅色粘土型、泥砂質(zhì)-硅質(zhì)碎屑巖型以及蝕變碎裂一角礫白云巖型三類。礦石成分復雜,由多種原生殘留礦物和表生成因礦物組成,結構構造多樣,礦體的圍巖蝕變顯著,礦化蝕變局限于斷裂破碎帶及鄰近區(qū)域范圍。從斷裂破碎帶向外,大致可以劃分為硅化帶、粘土化-硅化帶以及粘土化帶。(4)礦床地球化學研究表明,從微量元素和稀土元素地球化學特征來看,紅色粘土型金礦成礦物質(zhì)來源于原生卡林型金礦或金礦化蝕變體,上芒崗金礦的地質(zhì)地球化學特征與美國卡林型金礦基本相似,包裹體測溫結果表明上芒崗金礦屬中低溫熱液金礦床,硫同位素分析結果表明上芒崗金礦硫可能來源于巖漿硫混染了海相硫酸鹽或海水,氫氧同位素組成與巖漿水接近,可能是由于熱液蝕變所致,鉛同位素分析結果表明,上芒崗金礦物質(zhì)來源可能為下地殼或上地幔成礦物質(zhì)后期混染大量殼源物質(zhì)所形成。(5)上芒崗地區(qū)原生卡林型金礦的形成實質(zhì)上是地殼拉張導致地幔物質(zhì)上涌引發(fā)一系列地質(zhì)作用,并使Au等元素發(fā)生活化、遷移、聚集的過程,可概括為：印支期末至燕山期,邊緣海擴張沉積的勐戛組地層,為Au等元素的賦存提供了基礎；燕山晚期至喜馬拉雅期,構造-巖漿-熱液體系形成,淺部發(fā)生了熱液成礦作用；中低溫熱液蝕變和礦化圍繞斷裂系統(tǒng)發(fā)育；成礦后至新生代,淺部礦體被巖溶作用、殘坡積作用和紅土化作用改造,最終在地表形成了受斷裂破碎帶-不整合面-古巖溶面復合控制的紅色粘土型金礦體。(6)將研究區(qū)找礦標志總結為構造標志、地層巖性標志、熱液蝕變標志、礦物標志、紅色粘土層標志、地貌標志6個方面,同時在該區(qū)劃分出上芒崗金礦區(qū)深部、勐莫、回龍村-項球、河邊寨、馬脖子等五個成礦遠景區(qū),并在3個成礦遠景區(qū)內(nèi)優(yōu)選找礦靶區(qū),經(jīng)工程驗證,目前已取得了良好的找礦效果。
[Abstract]:The Shangmanggang gold deposit is located in the Shangmanggang fault of the NE-trending secondary fault on the south-eastern side of the Longling-Ruili fault in Western Yunnan, in the southwestern margin of the Sanjiang tectonic transition zone and the eastern margin of the Indian block-Gaoligongshan metamorphic terrane. The area belongs to the Gaoligongshan tectonic-magmatic-metamorphic-metallogenic belt, the NE-trending Shangmanggang tectonic fracture zone and its irregularity. The deposit is the first Carlin-type gold deposit discovered in the west of Nujiang River. However, the basic geology and mineral geology in the mining area are still relatively weak, and the investment in prospecting in the mining area and its peripheral areas is relatively small. In recent years, the replacement resources of gold deposits are seriously insufficient, so it is urgent to strengthen the theoretical research. On the basis of a great deal of field work, this paper comprehensively analyzes the geological characteristics, genesis and ore-controlling factors of the Shangmanggang gold deposit by analyzing the regional geological background, applying the theories and methods of structural geology, petrology, mineralogy, mineralogy, mineralogy, geochemistry, isotope geology and so on. The study confirms the metallogenic model of Shangmanggang gold deposit, determines the prospecting criteria qualitatively, delineates five prospecting areas, optimizes three prospecting target areas, and achieves good prospecting results through engineering verification. This study has obtained rich results and obtained the following understanding: (1) Shangmanggang gold deposit is located in Luxi of Longling-Ruili fault zone. The metallogenic belt of gold deposit belongs to the secondary extensional tectonic unit in the tectonic transformation active area.The gold belt is distributed in NE-SW direction and controlled strictly by the Shangmangang fault.The upper wall is Mengga Formation and the lower wall is Shazipo Formation. Two metallogenic series of primary Carlin type gold deposits. (2) The red clay type gold deposits in Shangmanggang gold deposit have different thickness of the surface red clay layer. The red clay type gold deposits cover the primary Carlin type gold deposits. The red clay section is obviously zoned and the laterization is immature. The lower part of the red clay type gold deposits is in transitional contact with the primary Carlin type ore bodies. The red clay type ore bodies are formed by a series of supergene processes (especially lateritization). (3) The ore types of Shangmanggang gold deposit are mainly divided into red clay type, argillaceous-siliceous clastic rock type and altered-fractured breccia dolomite type. The mineralization alteration is confined to the fractured zone and adjacent areas. Outside the fractured zone, it can be roughly divided into silicified zone, clayed-silicified zone and clayed zone. (4) Geochemical study of the deposit shows that According to the geochemical characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements, the metallogenic material of red clay type gold deposit originates from primary Carlin type gold deposit or gold mineralization alteration. The geological and geochemical characteristics of Shangmanggang gold deposit are basically similar to those of Carlin type gold deposit in the United States. The inclusion thermometry results show that Shangmanggang gold deposit belongs to medium-low temperature hydrothermal gold deposit with sulfur isotope. Element analysis shows that the sulfur in Shangmanggang gold deposit may be derived from magmatic sulfur mixed with marine sulfate or seawater, and the hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition is close to magmatic water, which may be caused by hydrothermal alteration. Lead isotope analysis shows that the source of Shangmanggang gold minerals may be a large number of crustal materials mixed with lower crust or upper mantle mineralization materials in the later stage. (5) The formation of primary Carlin-type gold deposits in Shangmanggang area is essentially a series of geological processes caused by crustal extension leading to the upwelling of mantle materials, and the activation, migration and accumulation of Au and other elements. These processes can be summarized as follows: the Mengga Formation strata of marginal sea spreading deposits during the late Indosinian to Yanshanian epoch provide the occurrence of Au and other elements. From late Yanshanian to Himalayan, tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal system was formed, and hydrothermal mineralization occurred in the shallow part; middle-low temperature hydrothermal alteration and mineralization developed around the fault system; after mineralization to Cenozoic, shallow orebodies were reformed by karstification, residual slope and lateritization, and finally formed on the surface by fracture and fragmentation. Red clay type gold orebody controlled by belt-unconformity surface-paleokarst surface composite. (6) The prospecting indicators in the study area are summarized as structural indicators, stratigraphic lithology indicators, hydrothermal alteration indicators, mineral indicators, red clay layer indicators, landform indicators. At the same time, the deep part of Shangmanggang gold deposit, Meng Mo, Huilongcun-Xiang-qiu, Hebian Zhai are divided in this area. Five metallogenic prospecting areas, such as Ma Nei Zi and so on, have been selected as prospecting targets in three metallogenic prospecting areas, and good prospecting results have been obtained through engineering verification.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.51
本文編號：2199217
[Abstract]:The Shangmanggang gold deposit is located in the Shangmanggang fault of the NE-trending secondary fault on the south-eastern side of the Longling-Ruili fault in Western Yunnan, in the southwestern margin of the Sanjiang tectonic transition zone and the eastern margin of the Indian block-Gaoligongshan metamorphic terrane. The area belongs to the Gaoligongshan tectonic-magmatic-metamorphic-metallogenic belt, the NE-trending Shangmanggang tectonic fracture zone and its irregularity. The deposit is the first Carlin-type gold deposit discovered in the west of Nujiang River. However, the basic geology and mineral geology in the mining area are still relatively weak, and the investment in prospecting in the mining area and its peripheral areas is relatively small. In recent years, the replacement resources of gold deposits are seriously insufficient, so it is urgent to strengthen the theoretical research. On the basis of a great deal of field work, this paper comprehensively analyzes the geological characteristics, genesis and ore-controlling factors of the Shangmanggang gold deposit by analyzing the regional geological background, applying the theories and methods of structural geology, petrology, mineralogy, mineralogy, mineralogy, geochemistry, isotope geology and so on. The study confirms the metallogenic model of Shangmanggang gold deposit, determines the prospecting criteria qualitatively, delineates five prospecting areas, optimizes three prospecting target areas, and achieves good prospecting results through engineering verification. This study has obtained rich results and obtained the following understanding: (1) Shangmanggang gold deposit is located in Luxi of Longling-Ruili fault zone. The metallogenic belt of gold deposit belongs to the secondary extensional tectonic unit in the tectonic transformation active area.The gold belt is distributed in NE-SW direction and controlled strictly by the Shangmangang fault.The upper wall is Mengga Formation and the lower wall is Shazipo Formation. Two metallogenic series of primary Carlin type gold deposits. (2) The red clay type gold deposits in Shangmanggang gold deposit have different thickness of the surface red clay layer. The red clay type gold deposits cover the primary Carlin type gold deposits. The red clay section is obviously zoned and the laterization is immature. The lower part of the red clay type gold deposits is in transitional contact with the primary Carlin type ore bodies. The red clay type ore bodies are formed by a series of supergene processes (especially lateritization). (3) The ore types of Shangmanggang gold deposit are mainly divided into red clay type, argillaceous-siliceous clastic rock type and altered-fractured breccia dolomite type. The mineralization alteration is confined to the fractured zone and adjacent areas. Outside the fractured zone, it can be roughly divided into silicified zone, clayed-silicified zone and clayed zone. (4) Geochemical study of the deposit shows that According to the geochemical characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements, the metallogenic material of red clay type gold deposit originates from primary Carlin type gold deposit or gold mineralization alteration. The geological and geochemical characteristics of Shangmanggang gold deposit are basically similar to those of Carlin type gold deposit in the United States. The inclusion thermometry results show that Shangmanggang gold deposit belongs to medium-low temperature hydrothermal gold deposit with sulfur isotope. Element analysis shows that the sulfur in Shangmanggang gold deposit may be derived from magmatic sulfur mixed with marine sulfate or seawater, and the hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition is close to magmatic water, which may be caused by hydrothermal alteration. Lead isotope analysis shows that the source of Shangmanggang gold minerals may be a large number of crustal materials mixed with lower crust or upper mantle mineralization materials in the later stage. (5) The formation of primary Carlin-type gold deposits in Shangmanggang area is essentially a series of geological processes caused by crustal extension leading to the upwelling of mantle materials, and the activation, migration and accumulation of Au and other elements. These processes can be summarized as follows: the Mengga Formation strata of marginal sea spreading deposits during the late Indosinian to Yanshanian epoch provide the occurrence of Au and other elements. From late Yanshanian to Himalayan, tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal system was formed, and hydrothermal mineralization occurred in the shallow part; middle-low temperature hydrothermal alteration and mineralization developed around the fault system; after mineralization to Cenozoic, shallow orebodies were reformed by karstification, residual slope and lateritization, and finally formed on the surface by fracture and fragmentation. Red clay type gold orebody controlled by belt-unconformity surface-paleokarst surface composite. (6) The prospecting indicators in the study area are summarized as structural indicators, stratigraphic lithology indicators, hydrothermal alteration indicators, mineral indicators, red clay layer indicators, landform indicators. At the same time, the deep part of Shangmanggang gold deposit, Meng Mo, Huilongcun-Xiang-qiu, Hebian Zhai are divided in this area. Five metallogenic prospecting areas, such as Ma Nei Zi and so on, have been selected as prospecting targets in three metallogenic prospecting areas, and good prospecting results have been obtained through engineering verification.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.51
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前1條
1 王學武;楊世瑜;;滇西潞西上芒崗卡林型金礦[J];云南地質(zhì);2005年04期
，本文編號：2199217
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