【摘要】：本文研究區(qū)為塔里木盆地西南地區(qū),共包括喀什坳陷、莎車隆起、葉城-和田坳陷及麥蓋提斜坡等四個二級構(gòu)造單元。研究的目的層為古近系,分為古新統(tǒng)、始新統(tǒng)、漸新統(tǒng),包括吐依洛克組、阿爾塔什組、齊姆根組、卡拉塔爾組、烏拉根組和巴什布拉克組。根據(jù)論文研究內(nèi)容,以多學(xué)科理論為指導(dǎo),結(jié)合國內(nèi)外層序地層研究現(xiàn)狀,在仔細(xì)分析薄片、巖芯、鉆井、測井、巖性組合等資料的基礎(chǔ)上,深入研究目的層的巖石類型、沉積環(huán)境、沉積相及層序地層的關(guān)系,預(yù)測研究區(qū)有利儲集相帶。塔西南地區(qū)古近系深受喜山早期運動和喜山中-晚期運動的影響,喜山早期運動發(fā)生在白堊紀(jì)晚期,喜山運動中-晚期發(fā)生在古近紀(jì)漸新世末期。塔西南古近系古新統(tǒng)-始新統(tǒng)晚期海平面開始大規(guī)模上升,氣候相對潮濕,研究區(qū)發(fā)育有障壁濱岸以及受海水鹽度控制的開闊臺地、局限臺地和蒸發(fā)臺地沉積體系;始新統(tǒng)晚期,伴隨大規(guī)模全球海平面造成海退,研究區(qū)發(fā)育沖積扇—扇三角洲—湖泊相沉積體系。以層序地層學(xué)為理論基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合研究區(qū)沉積背景、巖石地層、地震地層綜合分析,塔西南地區(qū)古近系共識別出二級層序界面2個:SSB1,SSB2,三級層序界面6個:SB2-SB7。在過井剖面和地震相研究的基礎(chǔ)上,進行層序格架內(nèi)沉積相展布及其主控因素研究,確立研究區(qū)層序沉積演化模式。最終編制沉積相平面圖,并揭示沉積相展布規(guī)律。塔西南古近系層序形成主控要素有構(gòu)造沉降、海平面變化及古氣候條件。構(gòu)造運動對層序的控制主要表現(xiàn)在對層序界面和對沉積古地貌的影響;海平面的升降控制著三級層序界面的形成與層序內(nèi)部體系域的演化;古氣候的變化則影響著碳酸鹽巖臺地類型和臺緣位置的變遷。綜合層序、沉積、儲層特征分析認(rèn)為,塔西南古近系主要有利儲集相帶為SQ4(卡拉塔爾組)開闊臺地臺內(nèi)灘顆�；�?guī)r、云巖儲集體。儲集空間以粒間(溶)孔、粒內(nèi)(溶)孔及鑄�？�、生物骨架孔和晶間(溶)孔等次生孔隙為主。
[Abstract]:The study area is southwest of Tarim Basin, which consists of four secondary tectonic units: Kashi Depression, Shaqa uplift, Yecheng-Hetian Depression and Maigeti slope. The target layer is Paleogene, which is divided into Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene, including Tuiluo formation, Altash formation, Zimgen formation, Karattar formation, Ulagen formation and Bashburak formation. According to the research content of the paper, under the guidance of multi-disciplinary theory, combined with the present situation of sequence stratigraphy research at home and abroad, on the basis of carefully analyzing the data of thin slice, core, drilling, logging and lithology combination, the rock types of the target layer are studied in depth. The relationship between sedimentary environment, sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy is used to predict the favorable reservoir facies zone in the study area. The Paleogene in southwest Tarim was influenced by the early Himalayan movement and the mid-late Himalayan movement. The early Himalayan movement occurred in the late Cretaceous and the mid-late Himalayan movement occurred at the end of the Oligocene Paleogene. The sea level began to rise on a large scale in the late Paleocene and the late Eocene in the southwest of Tarim Basin, and the climate was relatively humid. The study area developed barrier shoreline and open platform controlled by the salinity of sea water, limited platform and evaporation platform sedimentary system. In the late Eocene, the alluvial fan-delta-lacustrine sedimentary system was developed in the study area following the large-scale global sea level regression. Based on sequence stratigraphy, combined with sedimentary background, lithostratigraphy and seismostratigraphic comprehensive analysis in the study area, the Paleogene in southwest Tarim area has identified two secondary sequence interfaces (2: SSB1 / SSB2) and six third-order sequence interfaces (6: SB2-SB7). Based on the study of cross well profile and seismic facies, the distribution of sedimentary facies in sequence framework and its main controlling factors are studied, and the evolution model of sequence deposition in the studied area is established. Finally, the sedimentary facies plane map is compiled, and the distribution law of sedimentary facies is revealed. The main factors controlling the formation of Paleogene sequence in southwest Tarim are tectonic subsidence, sea level change and paleoclimate condition. The influence of tectonic movement on sequence interface and sedimentary paleogeomorphology, the rise and fall of sea level control the formation of third-order sequence interface and the evolution of internal system tract of sequence. Paleoclimate change affects carbonate platform type and the change of platform margin position. Comprehensive sequence, sedimentary and reservoir characteristics analysis shows that the main favorable reservoir facies belt of Paleogene in southwest Tarim is SQ4 (Karatar formation) open platform flat granular limestone and dolomite reservoir. The reservoir space is mainly composed of intergranular (dissolved) pore, intragranular (dissolved) pore and mold pore, biological skeleton pore and intergranular (dissolved) pore.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

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