紅石巖與甘家寨特大型地震崩滑體特征及其成因
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-21 20:02
【摘要】:2014年云南魯?shù)镸_S6.5地震觸發(fā)了大量滑坡和崩塌,其中規(guī)模最大的是紅石巖和甘家寨,二者體積均超過(guò)1 000×10~4m~3;谡鸷罂瓶,對(duì)這2個(gè)崩滑體特征和成因進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:震區(qū)位于涼山次級(jí)活動(dòng)塊體的前緣部位,地震活動(dòng)頻繁,平均6a就有1次5級(jí)以上地震發(fā)生。頻繁而強(qiáng)烈的地震活動(dòng),對(duì)淺層巖體造成累積的破壞效應(yīng),極大地降低了斜坡的力學(xué)強(qiáng)度,這是紅石巖、甘家寨等崩滑體發(fā)生的基礎(chǔ)條件。紅石巖特大型崩滑體,其形成與巨大的地形高差、陡峭的地形坡度、軟弱地層和節(jié)理、裂隙的發(fā)育有著內(nèi)在的密切聯(lián)系。其形成主要經(jīng)歷了3個(gè)過(guò)程:第1階段,在強(qiáng)震動(dòng)情況下,順河節(jié)理、卸荷裂隙以及橫河向節(jié)理進(jìn)一步張裂、貫通,在垂向上分割出不同的塊體;第2階段,巖體沿層間節(jié)理進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,切割垂直方向的塊體,形成縱橫立體交叉的巖石塊體;第3階段,前2個(gè)階段形成的巖體失去穩(wěn)定,向坡下傾倒、坍塌,并沿軟弱地層滑面下滑、傾倒,堵塞河道形成堰塞湖。甘家寨特大型滑坡,則為大型凹坡中下部發(fā)生的風(fēng)化層滑坡,其形成過(guò)程大致為:首先,在地震力和重力的雙重作用下,四周土層向凹坡中軸的下部運(yùn)動(dòng)、聚集,因下部松散土層含水量和容重最大,其所遭受的地震慣性力最大,最先產(chǎn)生塑性破壞而擠壓膨脹變形;第2階段,因坡度較陡,隨著斜坡下部擠壓塑性變形區(qū)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,在斜坡中部某個(gè)部位產(chǎn)生拉張區(qū),當(dāng)超過(guò)風(fēng)化層抗拉強(qiáng)度時(shí)產(chǎn)生破壞,滑坡體順勢(shì)快速滑出。這2個(gè)特大型滑坡代表了魯?shù)榈卣鸹碌?種主要類型,其成因及其形成機(jī)制對(duì)該地區(qū)的地震滑坡災(zāi)害具有一定的普遍意義。
[Abstract]:In 2014, the M_S6.5 earthquake in Ludian, Yunnan Province, triggered a large number of landslides and collapses, the largest of which were red rock and Ganjiazhai, each with a volume of more than 1,000 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1). Based on the scientific survey after the earthquake, the characteristics and causes of the two landslide bodies are analyzed. The results show that the earthquake area is located at the front edge of Liangshan sub-active block, and the seismic activity is frequent. On average, one earthquake with M 鈮,
本文編號(hào):2196208
[Abstract]:In 2014, the M_S6.5 earthquake in Ludian, Yunnan Province, triggered a large number of landslides and collapses, the largest of which were red rock and Ganjiazhai, each with a volume of more than 1,000 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1). Based on the scientific survey after the earthquake, the characteristics and causes of the two landslide bodies are analyzed. The results show that the earthquake area is located at the front edge of Liangshan sub-active block, and the seismic activity is frequent. On average, one earthquake with M 鈮,
本文編號(hào):2196208
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