發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-20 14:34

【摘要】：《建筑物防雷設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》GB50057-2010中規(guī)定了建筑物年預(yù)計(jì)雷擊次數(shù)的計(jì)算公式，通過(guò)計(jì)算得出民用建筑物預(yù)計(jì)雷擊次數(shù)在每年0.06-0.3次范圍內(nèi)，工業(yè)建筑物預(yù)計(jì)雷擊次數(shù)在每年0.06次以上的需要采取防雷擊事故措施。并規(guī)定了建筑施工的外部防雷保護(hù)系統(tǒng)由接閃器、引下線和接地裝置三個(gè)重要的組成部分，而土壤結(jié)構(gòu)電阻率值的變化與穩(wěn)定性往往會(huì)影響到防雷工程設(shè)計(jì)施工中的接地極材料及長(zhǎng)度、電纜與接閃桿、接閃線與被保護(hù)的建構(gòu)筑物之間距離的初步設(shè)計(jì)與施工。 在我國(guó)季節(jié)性凍土隨著緯度和高山垂直帶變化，由于季節(jié)性凍土的存在使得傳統(tǒng)接地檢測(cè)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)，并且土壤電阻率發(fā)生跳變，使得冰凍季節(jié)與雷暴季節(jié)土壤電阻率測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)存在較大偏差，對(duì)通信等設(shè)備的防雷工程施工、檢測(cè)產(chǎn)生影響。因此，，針對(duì)季節(jié)性凍土電阻率無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量的現(xiàn)象，著重開(kāi)展以下研究工作： 1．收集土壤電阻率理論基礎(chǔ)的相關(guān)材料，分析土壤電阻率值大小的影響因素，比對(duì)分析測(cè)試土壤電阻率的試驗(yàn)方法。 2．通過(guò)土壤電阻率的理論分析，選擇合適的試驗(yàn)環(huán)境、試驗(yàn)器材和試驗(yàn)方案，以建立起季節(jié)性凍土野外真實(shí)的試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ汀?3．選取合適的數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件進(jìn)行對(duì)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的處理，建立不同類型土壤環(huán)境下季節(jié)性凍土溫度、凍土含水量與凍土電阻率的相關(guān)性和回歸關(guān)系模型。 4．建立不同類型土壤環(huán)境下相同地區(qū)的凍結(jié)土層和非凍結(jié)土層電阻率之間的關(guān)系方程，得到凍土電阻率與非凍土電阻率之間的關(guān)系，并最終得到推算季節(jié)性凍土電阻率值的計(jì)算公式。 本文主要通過(guò)對(duì)野外真實(shí)環(huán)境下對(duì)土壤電阻率等參數(shù)的實(shí)測(cè)與分析，得到準(zhǔn)確推算不同土質(zhì)季節(jié)性凍土電阻率的計(jì)算關(guān)系公式，使數(shù)值處理后更接近雷暴季節(jié)測(cè)試的土壤電阻率，對(duì)防雷工程設(shè)計(jì)以及冬季防雷接地工程施工、檢測(cè)具有參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The formula for calculating the expected number of lightning strikes per year is stipulated in the Code for Design of Lightning Protection for Buildings > GB50057-2010. By calculating the number of lightning strikes per year for civil buildings in the range of 0.06-0.3, the lightning strikes per year for industrial buildings in the range of 0.06 or more should be prevented. The measures for lightning strikes in construction are also stipulated. External lightning protection system is composed of three important parts: flasher, lead-down line and grounding device. The change and stability of soil structure resistivity often affect the material and length of grounding electrode, the distance between cable and flashing rod, flashing wire and protected building. Work.
In China, seasonal frozen soil varies with latitude and mountain vertical zones. Because of the existence of seasonal frozen soil, it is difficult to realize the traditional grounding detection, and the soil resistivity changes abruptly, which makes the soil resistivity test data of frozen season and thunderstorm season deviate greatly, and affects the lightning protection engineering construction and detection of communication equipment. Therefore, in view of the fact that the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil can not be accurately measured, the following research work is emphasized:
1. Collect the related materials of soil resistivity theory, analyze the influence factors of soil resistivity value, compare and analyze the test methods of soil resistivity.
2. Through the theoretical analysis of soil resistivity, the suitable test environment, test equipment and test scheme are selected to establish the real field test model of seasonal frozen soil.
3. Select the appropriate data processing software to process the measured data, and establish the correlation and regression model of seasonal frozen soil temperature, frozen soil moisture content and frozen soil resistivity in different soil environments.
4. Establish the relationship equation between the resistivity of frozen and non-frozen soil layers in the same area under different types of soil environment, get the relationship between the resistivity of frozen and non-frozen soil, and finally get the formula to calculate the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil.
In this paper, through the field measurement and analysis of soil resistivity and other parameters in the real environment, the formula for calculating the resistivity of seasonal frozen soil with different soil properties is obtained, which makes the numerical treatment more close to the soil resistivity measured in thunderstorm season. It is useful for the design of lightning protection engineering and the construction of lightning protection grounding engineering in winter. Reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU895;P642.14

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