發(fā)布時間：2018-08-13 09:41

【摘要】：滑坡是四川盆地周邊較為普遍的典型地質(zhì)災害之一,它一方面受到地球本身構(gòu)造運動等內(nèi)因的作用、另一方面也受到水利設施和地下工程等人類活動的影響,給周邊居民造成了嚴重的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟損失。因此,有必要對其進行及時、準確的監(jiān)測,以便進行應急管理并確定適當?shù)念A防措施；積極發(fā)展科學有效的新型滑坡監(jiān)測途徑與預警技術(shù)迫在眉睫。針對現(xiàn)有地面監(jiān)測手段與空間遙感技術(shù)在空間分辨率、測量精度、氣候條件制約以及及時性、有效性方面存在的諸多局限與不足,近年來新興的地面合成孔徑干涉雷達(地基雷達)在該領(lǐng)域取得長足發(fā)展,已充分展現(xiàn)出其巨大的應用潛力與重要的現(xiàn)實意義和經(jīng)濟價值。然而地基雷達所采用的短波段在實際監(jiān)測過程中易受大氣的影響。國內(nèi)外不同學者提出了各自的解決辦法,但是由于大氣的復雜性,各種方法存在一定的局限性,目前還未建立有效的統(tǒng)一模型。針對此問題,本文在結(jié)合國內(nèi)外學者的基礎(chǔ)上提出了多模型大氣改正算法,并用于實際滑坡監(jiān)測與分析中。再者地基雷達采用斜距投影方式使得成像與常規(guī)的影像存在很大的區(qū)別,特別是在地形復雜的山區(qū),使得圖像解譯非常困難。有鑒于此,本研究在視域分析的基礎(chǔ)上對投影改正進行了改進研究。本文的具體工作如下：(1)為了更好地研究大氣改正,參考國內(nèi)外不同學者研制角反射器的基礎(chǔ)上自主研發(fā)了三維移動平臺。該平臺具有高精度、易操作、穩(wěn)定、體積小等優(yōu)點�？赡M空間三維移動,驗證測量儀器的精度。(2)提出了多模型大氣改正模型。該模型從穩(wěn)定點的選擇、模型的選取、精度評定三個方面形成了自動一體化的流程。該算法從信噪比和相位穩(wěn)定性出發(fā)選取有效的穩(wěn)定點,在時域內(nèi)根據(jù)穩(wěn)定點的個數(shù)采用不同模型對比分析,并選擇合適的模型,減少了由于人工干預造成的誤差。并用于大氣分析和滑坡監(jiān)測實例中,取得了良好的效果。(3)基于可視域分析的投影改正。為了有效地消除投影改正中出現(xiàn)的錯誤,本研究在投影改正之前對獲得的數(shù)據(jù)進行視域分析,去除雷達視角中的不可見區(qū)域,提高查找效率和可靠性。通過模擬研究表明該算法具有實際可操作性。(4)基于地基雷達的雅安磽磧水庫滑坡監(jiān)測與分析。磽磧水庫周邊滑坡嚴重,嚴重威脅人員和財產(chǎn)安全,本文利用地基雷達對其進行監(jiān)測研究。本次監(jiān)測采用本文提出的多模型改正算法有效地去除了區(qū)域大氣影響。結(jié)合所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)與實際調(diào)查,分析滑坡的時空演變特性,表明該處滑坡具有蠕變特性。研究表明該監(jiān)測區(qū)域兩處區(qū)域形變比較大,值得特別注意。通過理論和實例結(jié)果表明,本文提出的多模型改正算法具有自動一體化的優(yōu)點,能減少由于人為因素造成的大氣改正誤差,在滑坡實際應用中表明具有良好的適用性。通過模擬研究得出基于可視分析的投影改正算法能夠有效的提高投影改正的可靠性,具有實際應用可行性。
[Abstract]:Landslide is one of the typical geological hazards around Sichuan Basin. On the one hand, it is affected by the internal factors such as tectonic movement of the earth itself, on the other hand, it is also affected by human activities such as water conservancy facilities and underground engineering, which has caused serious casualties and economic losses to the surrounding residents. It is urgent to develop scientific and effective new monitoring approaches and early warning techniques for landslides. There are many problems in spatial resolution, measurement accuracy, climate constraints, timeliness and effectiveness of existing ground monitoring methods and spatial remote sensing techniques. In recent years, the ground-based synthetic aperture Interferometric Radar (SAR) has made great progress in this field, which has fully demonstrated its great application potential, important practical significance and economic value. However, the short-wave band used by ground-based radar is easily affected by the atmosphere in the actual monitoring process. In view of this problem, this paper proposes a multi-model atmospheric correction algorithm based on the combination of domestic and foreign scholars and applies it to the actual landslide monitoring and analysis. The oblique projection makes the imaging very different from the conventional image, especially in the mountainous area with complex terrain, which makes the image interpretation very difficult. In view of this, this study improves the projection correction on the basis of visual field analysis. The specific work of this paper is as follows: (1) In order to better study the atmospheric correction, the reference country. Based on the research and development of corner reflector by different scholars at home and abroad, a three-dimensional mobile platform has been developed independently. The platform has the advantages of high precision, easy operation, stability and small volume. The algorithm chooses effective stabilization points from signal-to-noise ratio and phase stability, compares and analyzes them with different models according to the number of stabilization points in time domain, and chooses appropriate models to reduce the error caused by manual intervention. (3) Projection correction based on visual field analysis. In order to effectively eliminate the errors in projection correction, this paper analyzes the obtained data in the visual field before projection correction, removes the invisible area in the radar view angle, and improves the search efficiency and reliability. Interoperability. (4) Landslide monitoring and analysis of the Ya'an Qiaoqi Reservoir based on ground-based radar. Landslides around the reservoir are serious, seriously threatening the safety of people and property. This paper uses ground-based radar to monitor and study the landslide. The multi-model correction algorithm proposed in this paper effectively eliminates the regional atmospheric impact. The data obtained and the actual investigation show that the landslide has the creep characteristics. The study shows that the deformation of the two areas in the monitoring area is relatively large, which deserves special attention. The atmospheric correction error caused by element has good applicability in the practical application of landslide. The simulation results show that the projection correction algorithm based on visual analysis can effectively improve the reliability of projection correction, and it has practical feasibility.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 刁建鵬;梁光勝;;地面雷達的位移監(jiān)測試驗研究[J];測繪科學;2011年02期

2 張瑜;郝文輝;;大氣介質(zhì)對電磁波測距精度的影響[J];電波科學學報;2006年04期

3 曲世勃;王彥平;譚維賢;洪文;;地基SAR形變監(jiān)測誤差分析與實驗[J];電子與信息學報;2011年01期

4 王鵬;周校;;地基SAR干涉測量原理及其形變監(jiān)測應用研究[J];測繪信息與工程;2012年04期

5 周校;王鵬;邢誠;;基于GB-SAR的建筑物微變形測量研究[J];測繪地理信息;2012年05期

6 邢誠;徐亞明;周校;王鵬;;IBIS-S系統(tǒng)檢測方法研究[J];測繪地理信息;2013年04期

7 華遠峰;李連友;胡伍生;金旭輝;孫騰科;;地面雷達靜態(tài)微變形測量環(huán)境影響改正方法研究[J];東南大學學報(自然科學版);2013年S2期

8 邢誠;韓賢權(quán);周校;王鵬;;地基合成孔徑雷達大壩監(jiān)測應用研究[J];長江科學院院報;2014年07期

9 劉國祥;合成孔徑雷達遙感新技術(shù)——InSAR介紹[J];四川測繪;2004年02期

10 劉國祥;SAR成像原理與圖像特征[J];四川測繪;2004年03期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 惠文華;滑坡遙感智能解譯理論與方法研究[D];長安大學;2011年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前2條

1 張祥;地基SFCW SAR差分干涉測量技術(shù)研究[D];國防科學技術(shù)大學;2011年

2 于泓;IBIS-M系統(tǒng)在露天礦邊坡監(jiān)測的應用[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(北京);2012年

，

本文編號：2180602