【摘要】：商業(yè)化挖掘的緬甸琥珀已經(jīng)有約兩千年的歷史,該琥珀形成于白堊紀(jì)賽諾曼階早期,98.72±0.62 Ma。在世界七大主要白堊紀(jì)琥珀產(chǎn)地中,緬甸琥珀年代最久遠(yuǎn)、內(nèi)含物生物多樣性最高且高質(zhì)量標(biāo)本產(chǎn)量最大。然而由于歷史的原因,緬甸琥珀的科學(xué)價(jià)值直到近一百年才被逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)�；诰挼殓晷纬蓵r(shí)期的特殊性和內(nèi)含物的多樣性,緬甸琥珀的研究已成為當(dāng)今古生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。鞘翅目是一類(lèi)起源較為古老、種類(lèi)多樣和生態(tài)學(xué)意義顯著的類(lèi)群。因此研究緬甸琥珀中的鞘翅目,對(duì)我們了解白堊紀(jì)時(shí)期重要生物類(lèi)群的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育、古生物地理、古生態(tài)、古行為學(xué)等具有深刻的意義。迄今為止,緬甸琥珀中已命名鞘翅目64種,涵蓋4亞目14總科23科。本論文通過(guò)對(duì)25塊緬甸琥珀中的鞘翅目代表類(lèi)群進(jìn)行研究。研究琥珀的傳統(tǒng)方法是在體視鏡下直接觀察,隨著科技的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展,新型的技術(shù)手段被用來(lái)研究琥珀。本論文利用顯微CT、計(jì)算機(jī)三維重建的方法,重建出緬甸琥珀甲蟲(chóng)內(nèi)含物的三維形態(tài),從而對(duì)這些甲蟲(chóng)的系統(tǒng)地位進(jìn)行了確定,并對(duì)其生物學(xué)意義進(jìn)行探究。經(jīng)過(guò)研究表明,這25塊緬甸琥珀甲蟲(chóng)隸屬于2亞目7總科,能夠反映攜播、訪花、群集等行為。更為重要的是,在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)了琥珀內(nèi)含物的在可見(jiàn)光下與在X射線下的成像結(jié)果并不完全對(duì)應(yīng),甚至X射線下完全無(wú)襯度。對(duì)于這個(gè)埋藏學(xué)上的現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)過(guò)初步分析,認(rèn)為其原因可能是琥珀化的過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)、琥珀圍巖之間的對(duì)比度差異、及琥珀間的密度差不同等因素造成的。
[Abstract]:Commercially excavated amber from Myanmar has a history of about 2000 years. The amber was formed at 98.72 鹵0.62 Ma. in the early Cretaceous SalNorman stage. Among the seven major Cretaceous amber producing areas in the world, Myanmar amber is the oldest, and the highest biodiversity and high quality sample yield. However, due to historical reasons, the scientific value of Myanmar amber was not gradually discovered until nearly a hundred years ago. Based on the particularity of Myanmar amber formation period and the diversity of its inclusions, the research of Myanmar amber has become one of the research hotspots in the field of paleontology. Coleoptera is a group with ancient origin, diverse species and ecological significance. Therefore, the study of the order Coleoptera in amber of Myanmar is of great significance for us to understand the phylogeny, paleontology, paleoecology and paleobehavior of important biological groups in the Cretaceous period. Up to now, 64 species of Coleoptera have been named in Amber of Myanmar, covering 4 suborders, 14 families and 23 families. In this paper, 25 pieces of amber from Burma were studied on the representative groups of Coleoptera. The traditional method of studying amber is to observe it directly under stereoscopic microscope. With the development of science and technology, new techniques are used to study amber. In this paper, the three-dimensional morphology of amber beetles in Myanmar was reconstructed by means of microCTand computer 3D reconstruction, and the systematic status of these beetles was determined, and the biological significance of these beetles was explored. The results show that the 25 amber beetles belong to 2 suborders and 7 families, which can reflect the behavior of carrying, flower visiting and clustering. More importantly, in the experimental process, it is found that the imaging results of the amber inclusions under visible light and X-ray are not completely corresponding, and even the X-ray imaging results are completely non-contrast. Through the preliminary analysis of this burial phenomenon, it is considered that the reasons may be caused by some chemical substances produced in the amber process, the contrast difference among the amber surrounding rock, and the difference in the density between the amber.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：Q915

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