【摘要】：北美地區(qū)海相頁巖氣的成功勘探和開發(fā)為中國頁巖氣的研究提供了重要啟示,但由于中國湖相頁巖氣儲層地質(zhì)情況不同且脆性礦物成分含量較少,相關(guān)理論認(rèn)識不能簡單地直接套用,因而根據(jù)中國不同地區(qū)的實際情況開展頁巖氣儲層特征研究成為非常規(guī)油氣地質(zhì)研究的新熱點。鄂爾多斯盆地三疊系延長組發(fā)育兩套半深湖-深湖相頁巖,近期伊陜斜坡東南部多口頁巖氣井的成功鉆探證實了該區(qū)具有適宜的頁巖氣形成條件和巨大的勘探潛力,準(zhǔn)確厘定頁巖氣儲層特征是該區(qū)頁巖氣選區(qū)評價的關(guān)鍵問題。本文以鄂爾多斯盆地甘泉地區(qū)延長組長7段頁巖為研究對象,采用多種地質(zhì)評價和實驗分析技術(shù),對頁巖氣儲層的空間展布特征、礦物組成、地化特征、儲層孔隙類型和物性特征進(jìn)行研究。采用的實驗方法和分析技術(shù)主要有XRD礦物組分分析測試、巖石熱解實驗、氬離子剖光后掃描電鏡觀測、高壓壓汞實驗、氣體吸附實驗和脈沖衰減法氣測孔隙度實驗。主要取得了以下認(rèn)識：(1)甘泉地區(qū)長7段頁巖主要為黑色頁巖夾薄層灰黑色粉砂質(zhì)泥巖、灰黑色含化石泥巖以及泥質(zhì)粉砂巖,該區(qū)頁巖氣儲層的礦物成分主要為石英、長石與粘土,此外還含少量碳酸鹽、菱鐵礦和黃鐵礦；(2)頁巖氣儲層有機質(zhì)類型以Ⅱ1型-Ⅱ2型為主,TOC峰值在2%～6%,Ro變化范圍為0.51%～1.25%,三者綜合作用共同決定儲層含氣量；(3)頁巖氣儲層的孔隙類型可以分為粒間孔、粒內(nèi)孔和有機質(zhì)孔,粒間孔包括碎屑顆粒粒間孔和粘土礦物粒間孔,是頁巖內(nèi)最主要的孔隙,粒內(nèi)孔包括溶蝕孔和晶間孔,顯著增加了儲層有效孔隙,有機質(zhì)孔的發(fā)育程度與有機質(zhì)的成熟度密切相關(guān)；(4)研究區(qū)頁巖氣儲層主要發(fā)育孔徑為2-100rnm的中-大孔,2rnm以下的微孔和100nnm以上的大孔的體積相對較小。儲層中含粉砂質(zhì)紋層頁巖比純頁巖的孔隙發(fā)育。
[Abstract]:The successful exploration and development of marine shale gas in North America have provided important inspiration for the study of shale gas in China. However, the geological conditions of China's lacustrine shale gas reservoirs are different and the contents of brittle minerals are relatively low. The related theories can not be applied directly, so it is a new focus of unconventional oil and gas geology to study shale gas reservoir characteristics according to the actual conditions in different regions of China. Two sets of semi-deep lacustrine-deep lacustrine shale have been developed in the Triassic Yanchang formation of Ordos Basin. Recent successful drilling of several shale gas wells in the southeast of the Yishan slope has proved that this area has suitable conditions for shale gas formation and great exploration potential. Accurate determination of shale gas reservoir characteristics is a key issue in shale gas selection evaluation in this area. In this paper, the shale of member 7 of Yanchang formation in Ganquan area, Ordos Basin, is taken as the research object. By using various geological evaluation and experimental analysis techniques, the spatial distribution characteristics, mineral composition and geochemical characteristics of shale gas reservoir are studied. Pore types and physical properties of reservoirs are studied. The main experimental methods and analytical techniques used include XRD mineral composition analysis and measurement, rock pyrolysis, scanning electron microscope observation after argon ion profile, high pressure mercury injection experiment, gas adsorption experiment and pulse attenuation gas porosity test. The main results are as follows: (1) the shale of Chang 7 in Ganquan area is mainly composed of black shale with thin layer of gray and black silty mudstone, gray black fossil mudstone and shaly siltstone. The mineral composition of shale gas reservoir in this area is mainly quartz. Feldspar and clay, in addition to a small amount of carbonate, siderite and pyrite; (3) the pore types of shale gas reservoir can be divided into intergranular pore, intragranular pore and organic pore. Intergranular pore includes clastic intergranular pore and clay mineral intergranular pore. The development degree of organic matter pores is closely related to the maturity of organic matter. (4) the volume of micropores below 2rnm with the pore size of 2-100rnm and the macropores above 100nnm are relatively small in shale gas reservoirs in the study area. The porosity of shale with silty grain layer is higher than that of pure shale in reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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