龍門山構(gòu)造帶南段構(gòu)造地貌研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 16:52
【摘要】：龍門山構(gòu)造帶位于青藏高原和四川盆地邊緣,自中生代以來,至少經(jīng)歷了兩次大的地殼縮短事件,形成了一條典型的逆沖構(gòu)造帶。2008年汶川地震Ms8.0表明,龍門山構(gòu)造帶仍是一條活躍的地震帶。在汶川地震以后,一些研究認(rèn)為汶川地震導(dǎo)致龍門山南段庫侖應(yīng)力升高,未來發(fā)生大地震的可能性增加。2013年蘆山Ms7.0似乎印證了這種觀點,但蘆山地震發(fā)生在前陸區(qū),一些研究也證明龍門山構(gòu)造帶南段的前陸地區(qū)具有較強的地震活動性。但是,對于龍門山構(gòu)造帶腹陸區(qū)的活動性研究一直相對較少。已有研究表明,鹽井-五龍斷裂在晚更新世有活動,而雙石-大川斷裂是一條全新世活動斷裂。河流階地是研究活動構(gòu)造的理想載體,通過測量階地的變形樣式(位錯、掀斜和拱曲等)可以推測區(qū)域構(gòu)造活動特征。在龍門山南段,青衣江近乎垂直橫穿龍門山,并發(fā)育四級階地,為研究本地區(qū)構(gòu)造活動提供良好的條件。通過精細(xì)測量階地高程和拔河,結(jié)合DEM提取區(qū)域地貌參數(shù),得出以認(rèn)識：(1)青衣江上游的階地主要分布在隴東、五龍、寶興穆坪鎮(zhèn)、靈關(guān)所在是幾個小盆地內(nèi),僅有T1-T4保留較好。T1階地為堆積階地,階地礫石層沉積特征清楚,分選、磨圓好,中間夾有砂質(zhì)透鏡體。T2-T4階地上覆坡積物、耕植土等。在五龍之上,T1階地拔河多為3-5m,T2-T4為侵蝕階地,河流階地二元結(jié)構(gòu)未保留,個別測點但可見基座,上覆蓋坡積物、耕植土等,拔河分別為10m、30m和80m。五龍河小關(guān)子之間,T1階地拔河多為10m,T2拔河約為20m,T3拔河約60m,T4拔河大于100m,在小關(guān)子下游,T1拔河7m作用,T2拔河約為20m,T3拔河約40m,T4拔河約60m,且河流階地礫石層保存較好,結(jié)構(gòu)清楚。根據(jù)測量結(jié)果做出河流相位圖和沿構(gòu)造線方向的拔河投影圖。(2)面積高程積分和河流分支比指示,龍門山南段地貌在耿達(dá)-隴東斷裂北西側(cè)成熟度較低,向南東方向成熟度逐漸升高,在雙石-大川斷裂的南東方向成熟度最高。(3)中崗斷裂(永富斷裂)和小關(guān)子斷裂之間的地貌與兩側(cè)差異較大,表現(xiàn)為高程、起伏度和坡度的變化,可能暗示這兩條斷裂之間是龍門山構(gòu)造帶南段腹陸區(qū)。在永富斷裂兩側(cè),坡度和起伏度都是一個高值區(qū),而地形上,則呈下降趨勢。但是,對于地形剖面,在五龍斷裂和隴東斷裂之間存在一個峰值,但相應(yīng)地該段起伏度和坡度變化則較平緩。而對小關(guān)子斷裂和五龍斷裂之間,起伏度、坡度和地形都為高值區(qū),局部受到河流的影響為低值。(4)在地形剖面上,五龍斷裂和小關(guān)子斷裂(雙石-大川斷裂)之間地勢明顯隆起,尤其是在p2條帶剖面上最為明顯,且地形變化規(guī)律與起伏度、坡度一致。而SK/L剖面也有類似的規(guī)律,R2-R4河流橫跨五龍斷裂和小關(guān)子斷裂,在二者之間,SL/K值有明顯升高,意味著河道變陡。而巖性變化與SL/K值變化不一致,說明SL/K值變化的主要原因是構(gòu)造活動。這可能暗示,在五龍斷裂和小關(guān)子斷裂之間,發(fā)育有隱伏構(gòu)造,其活動導(dǎo)致了上覆的階地拱曲變形、河道變陡和高地貌。在小關(guān)子斷裂之下,階地趨于平緩,說明小關(guān)子斷裂(雙石-大川斷裂)對褶皺變形有一定的控制作用。龍門山構(gòu)造帶南段的隱伏斷層和小關(guān)子斷裂的活動性應(yīng)引起重視。
[Abstract]:The Longmen mountain tectonic belt, located on the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan basin, has experienced at least two large crustal shortening events since Mesozoic, and a typical thrust tectonic zone,.2008 Wenchuan earthquake Ms8.0, shows that the Longmen mountain tectonic belt is still an active seismic zone. After the Wenchuan earthquake, some studies think Wenchuan seismic Guide The Coulomb stress in the south section of the Longmen mountain rises, and the possibility of a big earthquake in the future increases in the.2013 year Lushan Ms7.0 seems to confirm this view, but the Lushan earthquake occurred in the foreland area. Some studies also proved that the foreland area in the southern part of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt has strong seismicity. However, the activities of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt in the abdominal region are also proved. The research has been relatively small. Previous studies have shown that the salt well - Wulong fault is active in the late Pleistocene and the Dishi - Da Chuan fault is a Holocene Active fault. The river terrace is an ideal carrier for the study of active structures. The characteristics of regional tectonic activities can be speculated by measuring the deformation patterns of terrace (dislocation, tilting and arch, etc.) in Longmen. In the south of Shannan, the Qingyi River is nearly perpendicular to the Longmen mountain and develops four terrace to provide good conditions for the study of the tectonic activities in the region. Through the fine survey terrace elevation and tug of war and the extraction of regional geomorphic parameters with DEM, it is concluded that (1) the terrace in the upper reaches of Qingyi River is mainly distributed in Longdong, Wulong, Baoxing moping town and Ling Guan In several small basins, only T1-T4 retained good.T1 terrace as the stacked terrace, and the depositional features of the terrace gravel layer are clear, the grinding circle is good, the intermediate clips are covered with sandy lensed.T2-T4 terrace and cultivated soil. On the five dragon, the tug of war of the T1 terrace is 3-5M, T2-T4 is the eroded terrace, and the two yuan structure of the river terrace is not retained and a few measured points. But it can be seen that the base, the upper cover of the slope, the tug of cultivation are 10m, 30m and 80m. five dragon river, the tug of tug of T1 terrace is 10m, T2 tug of tug is about 20m, T3 tug is 60m, T4 tug of tug is greater than 100m, the tug of war in the lower reaches of the small Guanzi, tug tug of tug of tug of tug of tug of war The structure is clear. According to the results of the survey, the river phase map and the tug of tug projection along the direction of the tectonic line are made. (2) the area elevation integration and the river branch ratio indicate that the landform in the south section of the south of Longmen mountain is lower in the North west side of the Gunda Longdong fault, gradually rising toward the South East, and the highest maturity in the south east direction of the BSK Da Chuan fault. (3) The geomorphic and both sides of the middle Gang fault (Yongfu fault) and Xiao Guan Zi fault are different from both sides, showing the elevation, the fluctuation and the gradient, which may suggest that the two faults are in the southern section of the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic zone. In the topographic section, there is a peak between the Wulong fault and the Longdong fault, but the fluctuation degree and the gradient of the section are relatively gentle. Between the small Guanzi fault and the Wulong fault, the fluctuation, the slope and the topography are all high value areas, and the influence of the local river is low. (4) the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fracture are on the topographic profile. The terrain is obviously uplifted, especially in the P2 strip section, especially in the section of the P2 strip, and the regularity of the topographic change is the same as the undulation and the slope. And the SK/L section has similar regularity. The R2-R4 River crosses the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault. Between the two, the SL/K value increases obviously, which means the river is steepening. And lithologic change and SL The variation of /K values is inconsistent, indicating that the main reason for the change of the SL/K value is tectonic activity. This may suggest that there is a hidden structure between the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault, which leads to the overlying terrace arch deformation, the river steepness and the high geomorphology. Fracture plays a certain role in controlling the deformation of the fold. Attention should be paid to the activity of the buried fault and Xiao Guan Zi fault in the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地殼應(yīng)力研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P931.2;P315.2
本文編號：2153354
[Abstract]:The Longmen mountain tectonic belt, located on the edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan basin, has experienced at least two large crustal shortening events since Mesozoic, and a typical thrust tectonic zone,.2008 Wenchuan earthquake Ms8.0, shows that the Longmen mountain tectonic belt is still an active seismic zone. After the Wenchuan earthquake, some studies think Wenchuan seismic Guide The Coulomb stress in the south section of the Longmen mountain rises, and the possibility of a big earthquake in the future increases in the.2013 year Lushan Ms7.0 seems to confirm this view, but the Lushan earthquake occurred in the foreland area. Some studies also proved that the foreland area in the southern part of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt has strong seismicity. However, the activities of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt in the abdominal region are also proved. The research has been relatively small. Previous studies have shown that the salt well - Wulong fault is active in the late Pleistocene and the Dishi - Da Chuan fault is a Holocene Active fault. The river terrace is an ideal carrier for the study of active structures. The characteristics of regional tectonic activities can be speculated by measuring the deformation patterns of terrace (dislocation, tilting and arch, etc.) in Longmen. In the south of Shannan, the Qingyi River is nearly perpendicular to the Longmen mountain and develops four terrace to provide good conditions for the study of the tectonic activities in the region. Through the fine survey terrace elevation and tug of war and the extraction of regional geomorphic parameters with DEM, it is concluded that (1) the terrace in the upper reaches of Qingyi River is mainly distributed in Longdong, Wulong, Baoxing moping town and Ling Guan In several small basins, only T1-T4 retained good.T1 terrace as the stacked terrace, and the depositional features of the terrace gravel layer are clear, the grinding circle is good, the intermediate clips are covered with sandy lensed.T2-T4 terrace and cultivated soil. On the five dragon, the tug of war of the T1 terrace is 3-5M, T2-T4 is the eroded terrace, and the two yuan structure of the river terrace is not retained and a few measured points. But it can be seen that the base, the upper cover of the slope, the tug of cultivation are 10m, 30m and 80m. five dragon river, the tug of tug of T1 terrace is 10m, T2 tug of tug is about 20m, T3 tug is 60m, T4 tug of tug is greater than 100m, the tug of war in the lower reaches of the small Guanzi, tug tug of tug of tug of tug of tug of war The structure is clear. According to the results of the survey, the river phase map and the tug of tug projection along the direction of the tectonic line are made. (2) the area elevation integration and the river branch ratio indicate that the landform in the south section of the south of Longmen mountain is lower in the North west side of the Gunda Longdong fault, gradually rising toward the South East, and the highest maturity in the south east direction of the BSK Da Chuan fault. (3) The geomorphic and both sides of the middle Gang fault (Yongfu fault) and Xiao Guan Zi fault are different from both sides, showing the elevation, the fluctuation and the gradient, which may suggest that the two faults are in the southern section of the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic zone. In the topographic section, there is a peak between the Wulong fault and the Longdong fault, but the fluctuation degree and the gradient of the section are relatively gentle. Between the small Guanzi fault and the Wulong fault, the fluctuation, the slope and the topography are all high value areas, and the influence of the local river is low. (4) the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fracture are on the topographic profile. The terrain is obviously uplifted, especially in the P2 strip section, especially in the section of the P2 strip, and the regularity of the topographic change is the same as the undulation and the slope. And the SK/L section has similar regularity. The R2-R4 River crosses the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault. Between the two, the SL/K value increases obviously, which means the river is steepening. And lithologic change and SL The variation of /K values is inconsistent, indicating that the main reason for the change of the SL/K value is tectonic activity. This may suggest that there is a hidden structure between the Wulong fault and the small Guanzi fault, which leads to the overlying terrace arch deformation, the river steepness and the high geomorphology. Fracture plays a certain role in controlling the deformation of the fold. Attention should be paid to the activity of the buried fault and Xiao Guan Zi fault in the southern section of the Longmen mountain tectonic belt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地殼應(yīng)力研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P931.2;P315.2
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