【摘要】：華北平原地區(qū)70%以上用水靠地下水,補(bǔ)給不足和長期嚴(yán)重超采,導(dǎo)致地下水資源量銳減、地面沉降等環(huán)境地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā),已成為制約可持續(xù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。2014年,南水北調(diào)中線工程通水,將逐步改善華北平原的用水結(jié)構(gòu),為地下水回灌和涵養(yǎng)提供了條件。地下水?dāng)?shù)值模型是地下水資源評價和管理的重要工具,在區(qū)域地下水流模型中對水源地、降落漏斗區(qū)域或者回灌區(qū)域進(jìn)行加密,可提高局部重點(diǎn)區(qū)域的模擬精度。本文是在對基于MODFLOW的Share-node法和Ghost-node法局部加密技術(shù)原理的學(xué)習(xí)和對比的基礎(chǔ)上,以滹沱河沖洪積扇區(qū)域地下水流模型為實(shí)例模型應(yīng)用LGR-GN方法加密方法建立區(qū)域和勘查區(qū)耦合的地下水模型,對LGR-SN和LGR-GN實(shí)例應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行對比。確定了以單程耦合和LGR-GN雙向耦合結(jié)合的方式,以回灌影響范圍建立其過渡承接作用的中模型,用中模型分別作為子模型和母模型與區(qū)域模型和場地模型耦合,建立區(qū)域和場地二級加密耦合模型。在地下水流模擬中,兩種加密方法加密效果差別很小,LGR-SN在差值精度上有優(yōu)勢,LGR-GN在源匯項(xiàng)處理尤其是面狀補(bǔ)排項(xiàng)處理上占優(yōu)勢;網(wǎng)格加密區(qū)開采井處理到每個網(wǎng)格對模擬結(jié)果和運(yùn)行時間影響不大,只是占用空間明顯較大。本文確定的二級加密方法中以回灌影響范圍確定過渡模型的范圍和以給定水位的方式進(jìn)行過渡模型邊界的處理,經(jīng)驗(yàn)證,過渡中模型邊界不受場地加密影響,能夠控制回灌對過渡模型邊界的影響;區(qū)域模型耦合的場地模型模擬得到的流場變幅更貼近實(shí)際,水丘更明顯,在實(shí)際操作中因場地模型面積小,條件簡單,增加的工作內(nèi)容不多,這種通過二級加密實(shí)現(xiàn)大比例加密的方法可以為以后多區(qū)域局部加密使用;區(qū)域和場地耦合模型模擬場地回灌7年最多高出無回灌條件的水位1.04m,至場地邊界處,影響不到0.5m,至中模型邊界,影響不到0.1m;局部的井灌對區(qū)域流場影響很小,需在區(qū)域內(nèi)大量布置回灌設(shè)施進(jìn)行長期地下水回灌工作,以實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域地下水位的恢復(fù)和地下水超采趨勢的緩解。
[Abstract]:More than 70% of the water used in North China Plain depends on groundwater, which is insufficient in recharge and seriously overexploited for a long time, resulting in a sharp decrease in the quantity of groundwater resources and frequent environmental geological disasters such as land subsidence, which has become a bottleneck restricting sustainable development in 2014. The diversion of water in the middle route of South-to-North Water transfer Project will gradually improve the water use structure of North China Plain and provide conditions for groundwater recharge and conservation. Groundwater numerical model is an important tool for groundwater resources evaluation and management. In the regional groundwater flow model, the simulation accuracy of the local key area can be improved by infilling the water source, the landing funnel area or the recharge area. This paper is based on the study and comparison of the principle of Share-node method and Ghost-node method based on MODFLOW. Taking the groundwater flow model of Hutuo River alluvial fan area as an example, the LGR-GN method is used to establish the coupled groundwater model between the area and the exploration area. The results of the application of LGR-SN and LGR-GN are compared. In this paper, the middle model of transition and undertaking is established by combining one-way coupling and LGR-GN bidirectional coupling, and the middle model is used as sub-model and parent model to couple with regional model and site model respectively. The coupling model of area and site two-level encryption is established. In groundwater flow simulation, there is a small difference in encryption effect between the two encryption methods. LGR-SN has advantages in difference accuracy. LGR-GN has advantages in source and sink item processing, especially in surface filling and drainage treatment. The processing of well in the grid infill area has little effect on the simulation result and running time, but the space is obviously larger. In the two-stage encryption method determined in this paper, the range of transition model is determined by the influence range of recharge and the boundary of transition model is treated by the way of given water level. It is verified that the model boundary is not affected by site encryption in transition. It can control the influence of recharge on the boundary of the transition model, the flow field amplitude obtained by the field model coupled with the regional model is more close to the reality, the water dome is more obvious, and the condition is simple because of the small area of the site model in practical operation. The increase of work content is not much, this method can be used for multi-area local encryption through two-level encryption to achieve a large proportion of encryption; The coupling model of region and site simulates that the water level of recharge is 1.04m higher than the water level without recharge condition for 7 years, but it affects less than 0.5m to the boundary of the site, and less than 0.1m to the boundary of the middle model, and the local well irrigation has little effect on the regional flow field. It is necessary to arrange a large number of recharge facilities in the area for long-term groundwater recharge in order to restore the regional groundwater level and alleviate the trend of groundwater overexploitation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641

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