青藏高原東南緣的地殼應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及其對(duì)殼幔變形的指示
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-07-23 09:18
【摘要】:喜馬拉雅造山運(yùn)動(dòng)與青藏高原隆升是新生代以來(lái)世界上最大的地質(zhì)事件之一。青藏高原受到印度板塊碰撞擠壓的影響,高原物質(zhì)向東擠出,受穩(wěn)定四川盆地的阻擋,這些物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)而向東南方向逃逸。地震的孕育與地殼的應(yīng)力狀態(tài)密切相關(guān),其發(fā)生是在區(qū)域構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)作用下,周圍的區(qū)域構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)與震源區(qū)介質(zhì)脆性變形相互作用的結(jié)果。對(duì)青藏高原東南緣地殼應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的研究,能夠幫助我們深入了解該地區(qū)的構(gòu)造活動(dòng)。本論文利用中國(guó)地震科學(xué)臺(tái)陣探測(cè)項(xiàng)目(ChinArray)2011年8月到2103年12月在研究區(qū)的地震記錄,采用gCAP的方法,反演了 239個(gè)地震事件(3.0 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.0)的震源機(jī)制解,并結(jié)合前人在該地區(qū)得到的447個(gè)震源機(jī)制解(合計(jì)686個(gè)),用阻尼線性反演的方法得到青藏高原東南緣的地殼應(yīng)力場(chǎng),并將應(yīng)力場(chǎng)結(jié)果與GPS觀測(cè)、SKS各向異性的結(jié)果作對(duì)比,進(jìn)而探討青藏高原東南緣的構(gòu)造演化。青藏高原東南緣地震主要分布在5-15公里,地震沿主要斷裂分布;震源機(jī)制解以走滑為主,但四川盆地西緣發(fā)育有大量的逆沖機(jī)制地震,云南西北部分布有拉張型地震;騰沖火山附近震源機(jī)制解類型比較復(fù)雜,這些地震不僅受主要斷裂的控制,同時(shí)也受到火山活動(dòng)的影響?傮w上,青藏高原東南緣的地震主要受大的走滑斷裂控制,而一些較小(Mw~3.0)的非走滑型地震事件受局部的構(gòu)造活動(dòng)控制。通過(guò)震源機(jī)制解反演,發(fā)現(xiàn)青藏高原東南緣的構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)以走滑為主,最大(σ1)和最小主應(yīng)力軸(σ3)近水平;四川盆地西緣呈現(xiàn)擠壓的應(yīng)力狀態(tài),σ1近水平,σ3傾角較大(60°~80°);云南西北部呈現(xiàn)拉張的應(yīng)力狀態(tài),其最小主應(yīng)力軸σ3平行于活動(dòng)斷層的走向,σ1傾角較大,近垂直于地表。本文進(jìn)一步由主應(yīng)力軸計(jì)算出最大(SH)和最小水平應(yīng)力(Sh)方位角,發(fā)現(xiàn)水平應(yīng)力軸在26°N附近發(fā)生突變:在26°N以北,最大水平應(yīng)力軸(SH)方向近E-W,最小水平應(yīng)力軸(Sh)近S-N;在26°N以南,最大水平應(yīng)力軸(SH)方向近S-N,最小水平應(yīng)力軸(Sh)近E-W。此外,研究區(qū)最大水平應(yīng)力(SH)整體上呈扇形展布,SH從騰沖火附近的NE-SW向向東逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵颇现胁康慕麼-S向和云南東部的NW-SE向。同時(shí)最小水平應(yīng)力(Sh)從騰沖火山以西的NW-SE向逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵颇现胁康腅-W向及云南東部的SW-NE 向。研究區(qū)最小水平主應(yīng)力軸(Sh)和GPS地表位移反演得到的地殼最大應(yīng)變方向一致,同時(shí)垂直于GPS地表位移方向和地形梯度的方向,說(shuō)明川滇地區(qū)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的分布主要受重力勢(shì)能和重力失穩(wěn)的影響。SKS快波方向通常代表了地幔的最大形變方向,對(duì)比最小水平應(yīng)力方向(最大應(yīng)變方向)與SKS快波方向,發(fā)現(xiàn)在云南地區(qū)兩者方向基本一致,表明云南地區(qū)地殼和地幔巖石圈的變形一致,因此云南地區(qū)地殼和上地?赡苁邱詈系。
[Abstract]:Himalayan orogenic movement and uplift of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are one of the biggest geological events in the world since the Cenozoic. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is affected by the collision and compression of the Indian plate, and the plateau material is squeezed eastward and blocked by the stable Sichuan basin. The earthquake preparation is closely related to the stress state of the earth's crust, and its occurrence is the result of the interaction between the regional tectonic movement around the earthquake and the brittle deformation of the medium in the focal area under the action of the regional tectonic stress field. The study of crustal stress field in the southeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau can help us to understand the tectonic activity in this area. In this paper, the focal mechanism solutions of 239 earthquake events (3.0 鈮,
本文編號(hào):2138937
[Abstract]:Himalayan orogenic movement and uplift of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are one of the biggest geological events in the world since the Cenozoic. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is affected by the collision and compression of the Indian plate, and the plateau material is squeezed eastward and blocked by the stable Sichuan basin. The earthquake preparation is closely related to the stress state of the earth's crust, and its occurrence is the result of the interaction between the regional tectonic movement around the earthquake and the brittle deformation of the medium in the focal area under the action of the regional tectonic stress field. The study of crustal stress field in the southeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau can help us to understand the tectonic activity in this area. In this paper, the focal mechanism solutions of 239 earthquake events (3.0 鈮,
本文編號(hào):2138937
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