【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)水文地質(zhì)學(xué)關(guān)注的是地下水本身的運(yùn)動(dòng)及其水文地球化學(xué)背景,對(duì)于地下水與地質(zhì)環(huán)境中其它因素的動(dòng)力學(xué)耦合行為,往往采取忽略或簡(jiǎn)化的辦法進(jìn)行處理。然而,與地下水有關(guān)的耦合過(guò)程在自然界普遍存在,且對(duì)于地質(zhì)環(huán)境的塑造或起到關(guān)鍵的作用。其中,地下水流與空氣流的耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程、地下水流場(chǎng)與溫度場(chǎng)的耦合,已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)和地質(zhì)環(huán)境領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)研究課題。與經(jīng)典地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)相比,耦合問(wèn)題的理論描述一般具有較為復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)形式,難以獲得解析解,需要通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬的方法對(duì)特例進(jìn)行觀(guān)察。由于沒(méi)有解析解來(lái)清楚明了的揭示不同要素之間的相互關(guān)系,人們對(duì)耦合問(wèn)題的特征和規(guī)律往往并不十分清楚,對(duì)物理機(jī)理也不能得到清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。實(shí)際上在很多情況下地下水流場(chǎng)具有主控意義,而其它因素對(duì)地下水流場(chǎng)的反作用相對(duì)比較小,因此地下水流問(wèn)題可以通過(guò)解耦的方法近似獲取。這是經(jīng)典地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)所能立足的基礎(chǔ)。只有在滿(mǎn)足解耦條件的情況下,才能有效地應(yīng)用經(jīng)典地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)。什么情況下可以解耦處理、什么情況下不能忽略耦合作用?這正是本論文試圖要回答的問(wèn)題。本論文主要圍繞含水層地下水-空氣流耦合問(wèn)題,以及盆地中地下水流與熱流的耦合問(wèn)題開(kāi)展研究,模擬分析這2類(lèi)典型動(dòng)力學(xué)問(wèn)題的耦合特征及解耦條件。研究成果可以歸納為以下2點(diǎn)：(1)建立了包含少量無(wú)量綱參數(shù)的徑向地下水流-空氣流耦合模型,抓住了這一耦合問(wèn)題最主要的控制因素,比前人的動(dòng)力學(xué)描述更加簡(jiǎn)潔明了。通過(guò)對(duì)解耦條件下地下水位計(jì)算結(jié)果的誤差分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在一般情況下空氣流對(duì)地下水流的影響很弱,具有比較寬松的解耦條件。然而,空氣流對(duì)地下水流很敏感,解耦的地下水流計(jì)算結(jié)果并不能有效的解決空氣流問(wèn)題。(2)基于Comsol有限元模型研究了盆地尺度地下水流場(chǎng)與溫度場(chǎng)的耦合特征,發(fā)現(xiàn)Domenico和Palciauskas(1973)關(guān)于單元盆地溫度場(chǎng)的對(duì)稱(chēng)型解析解可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生顯著誤差,證明地下水的強(qiáng)對(duì)流作用可以顯著破壞溫差分布的對(duì)稱(chēng)性。通過(guò)對(duì)耦合解和解耦條件地下水頭計(jì)算結(jié)果的誤差分析,證明在一般情況下(平均大地?zé)崃?單元盆地的水-熱耦合問(wèn)題滿(mǎn)足解耦條件,且解耦的地下水流場(chǎng)可有效的用于計(jì)算溫度場(chǎng)的分布。這些研究結(jié)果加深了對(duì)水文地質(zhì)過(guò)程中多相流耦合問(wèn)題和水熱耦合問(wèn)題的機(jī)理認(rèn)識(shí),為地質(zhì)工程和環(huán)境工程領(lǐng)域合理利用經(jīng)典地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)提供了理論指導(dǎo)。本論文研究的概念模型仍然采取了很多簡(jiǎn)化假設(shè),結(jié)論因此也存在一定的局限性,有待于進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展和完善。
[Abstract]:The traditional hydrogeology focuses on the movement of groundwater itself and its hydrogeochemical background. The dynamic coupling behavior between groundwater and other factors in geological environment is often ignored or simplified. However, the coupling process associated with groundwater exists widely in nature and plays a key role in shaping the geological environment. Among them, the coupling dynamic process of groundwater flow and air flow, the coupling of groundwater flow field and temperature field has become a hot research topic in the field of modern groundwater dynamics and geological environment. Compared with the classical groundwater dynamics, the theoretical description of the coupled problem generally has a more complex mathematical form, so it is difficult to obtain an analytical solution, so it is necessary to observe the special case by numerical simulation. Because there are no analytical solutions to reveal the relationship between different elements clearly, the characteristics and laws of coupling problems are often not very clear, and the physical mechanism is not clearly understood. In fact, in many cases, the groundwater flow field has the main control significance, but the other factors have relatively little reaction to the groundwater flow field, so the groundwater flow problem can be obtained by the decoupling method. This is the basis on which the classical groundwater dynamics can be based. Only when the decoupling condition is satisfied, can the classical groundwater dynamics be applied effectively. Under what circumstances can the coupling be decoupled, and under what circumstances can the coupling be ignored? This is exactly the question this thesis tries to answer. In this paper, the coupling problem between groundwater and air flow in aquifer and the coupling between groundwater flow and heat flow in basin are studied, and the coupling characteristics and decoupling conditions of these two typical dynamic problems are simulated and analyzed. The research results can be summarized as follows: (1) the coupling model of radial groundwater flow and air flow with a small number of dimensionless parameters is established, which captures the most important control factor of this coupling problem and is more concise and clear than the previous dynamical description. Through the error analysis of the results of groundwater level calculation under the decoupling condition, it is found that the influence of air flow on groundwater flow is very weak in general, and there are relatively loose decoupling conditions. However, air flow is very sensitive to groundwater flow, and decoupling results of groundwater flow can not effectively solve the problem of air flow. (2) based on Comsol finite element model, the coupling characteristics of basin scale groundwater field and temperature field are studied. Domenico and Palciauskas (1973) may have significant errors in the symmetric analytical solution of the temperature field in the unit basin. It is proved that the strong convection of groundwater can significantly destroy the symmetry of the temperature difference distribution. Through the error analysis of the coupling solution and the calculation result of the groundwater head under the decoupling condition, it is proved that the water-heat coupling problem of the unit basin (mean geothermal flux) satisfies the decoupling condition under general conditions. And the decoupled groundwater flow field can be used to calculate the distribution of temperature field. These results deepen the understanding of the mechanism of multi-phase flow coupling and hydrothermal coupling in hydrogeological processes and provide theoretical guidance for the rational use of classical groundwater dynamics in geological engineering and environmental engineering. The conceptual model of this paper still adopts a lot of simplified hypotheses, so the conclusion has some limitations and needs to be further expanded and improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P641.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 梁杏;張人權(quán);牛宏;靳孟貴;孫蓉琳;;地下水流系統(tǒng)理論與研究方法的發(fā)展[J];地質(zhì)科技情報(bào);2012年05期

2 萬(wàn)力;蔣小偉;;“區(qū)域地下水流:理論、應(yīng)用與發(fā)展”國(guó)際研討會(huì)在西安召開(kāi)[J];水文地質(zhì)工程地質(zhì);2013年05期

3 ;地下水是怎樣活動(dòng)的[J];水文月刊;1959年08期

4 李俊平;地下水流的聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)[J];世界隧道;1996年03期

5 魏林宏,束龍倉(cāng),郝振純;地下水流數(shù)值模擬的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];重慶大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2000年S1期

6 仵彥卿;估計(jì)地下水流系統(tǒng)分布型確定性-隨機(jī)性參數(shù)的耦合算法[J];西安理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年02期

7 羅振東,田向軍,張桂芳,周禮;地下水流及其通量的數(shù)值模擬[J];首都師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2001年01期

8 杜國(guó)平;智能化地下水動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)測(cè)量?jī)x[J];核技術(shù);2002年01期

9 胡立堂,陳崇希;地下水流數(shù)值模擬前后處理軟件的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];地球科學(xué);2003年05期

10 錢(qián)會(huì),王毅穎,宋秀玲;地下水流數(shù)值模擬中不應(yīng)忽視的幾個(gè)工作程序[J];勘察科學(xué)技術(shù);2004年01期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 王旭升;萬(wàn)力;;“地下水運(yùn)動(dòng)方程”課程設(shè)計(jì)[A];城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)理論與資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型研究——中國(guó)科協(xié)第224次青年科學(xué)家論壇論文集[C];2010年

2 黃s，

本文編號(hào)：2136114