塔北奧陶系古巖溶與斷裂的耦合關系研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-21 13:01
【摘要】：塔里木盆地塔北地區(qū)奧陶系廣泛發(fā)育縫洞型巖溶儲層,儲集空間復雜多樣,橫向上發(fā)育規(guī)模及分布規(guī)律差異較大,位于塔北地區(qū)的哈拉哈塘油田、英買力油田奧陶系縫洞型油藏已投入開發(fā)。大量的發(fā)育走滑斷裂與巖溶在發(fā)育期次上穿插耦合使得塔北地區(qū)奧陶系縫洞型儲層隨機性和復雜性大大增加,在油藏的開發(fā)中產生了較多的矛盾,其中斷裂與巖溶的耦合關系是亟待解決的一個難點。本文以現(xiàn)代巖溶和古巖溶露頭為指導,綜合利用巖心、鉆測井資料、高精度地震資料識別縫洞型儲層及斷裂,細分縫洞型儲層成因類型,研究斷裂的期次、級次、組合特征,明確塔北地區(qū)典型區(qū)塊的古巖溶與斷裂的耦合關系。通過對取心段完整的巖心及成像測井資料的觀察分析,結合鉆井、生產資料的輔助,揭示了塔北地區(qū)不同區(qū)塊儲集空間類型,哈拉哈塘油田奧陶系儲層類型有洞穴型、裂縫孔洞型和孔洞型,英買力油田主要以裂縫孔洞型為主。應用螞蟻體等方法解釋與識別典型區(qū)塊的斷裂,塔北地區(qū)斷裂以走滑斷裂為主,不同期次、級次與組合樣式的走滑斷裂對巖溶作用及油氣成藏的過程控制明顯。通過現(xiàn)代巖溶和古巖溶露頭的調查,根據(jù)成因類型及規(guī)模、形態(tài)將縫洞型儲層細分為暗河管道廳堂洞穴、斷裂明河雙控洞穴、斷控洞穴三種,根據(jù)裂縫期次將裂縫孔洞型儲層細分為早期裂縫孔洞型儲層和微裂縫孔洞型儲層兩種。巖溶發(fā)育期次與斷裂發(fā)育期次研究表明,不同期次斷裂在巖溶發(fā)育的整個過程中均有明顯的控制作用。在巖溶發(fā)育初期及發(fā)育過程中,斷裂主要控制了大氣淡水巖溶作用的發(fā)生,巖溶發(fā)育末期,英買力油田斷裂為熱液提供了運移通道,熱液沿斷裂上涌,對前期縫洞型儲層進行一定程度的改造;相比于熱液的溶蝕作用,在英買力油田海西晚期熱液重結晶和交代作用對前期縫洞型儲層體現(xiàn)出了更多的破壞性作用。通過對多類多尺度資料的綜合應用,以相應的構造運動背景和巖溶發(fā)育背景為約束,揭示了暗河管道廳堂洞穴、斷裂明河雙控洞穴、斷控洞穴、早期裂縫孔洞型儲層、微裂縫孔洞型儲層各自的主控因素及發(fā)育模式,建立了哈拉哈塘油田內幕區(qū)和英買力油田英買1、2井區(qū)等典型區(qū)塊的巖溶發(fā)育模式,其中哈拉哈塘油田內幕區(qū)包括斷裂泄水順層巖溶模式和斷裂泄水層間巖溶模式,英買力油田則主要是在斷控巖溶發(fā)育基礎上的斷控埋藏熱液巖溶模式。不同的巖溶發(fā)育模式能夠較好的解釋該區(qū)隨機性極強的縫洞型儲層發(fā)育規(guī)律及形態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The Ordovician fracture-cavernous karst reservoirs are widely developed in the Tarim Basin. The reservoir space is complex and diverse, and the horizontal development scale and distribution are quite different. The Ordovician reservoir is located in the Hala Hattang Oilfield in the north of Tarim Basin. The Ordovician fracture-cave reservoir in Yingmaali Oilfield has been developed. The coupling of a large number of developed strike-slip faults and karst in the development stage greatly increases the randomness and complexity of the Ordovician fracture-cavernous reservoirs in the northern part of Tarim Basin, resulting in more contradictions in the development of the reservoirs. The coupling relationship between fault and karst is a difficult problem to be solved. Under the guidance of modern karst and paleokarst outcrop, this paper synthetically uses core, drilling logging data, high-precision seismic data to identify fracture-cavity reservoirs and faults, subdivide the genetic types of fracture-cavernous reservoirs, and study the stages, stages and assemblage characteristics of faults. The coupling relationship between paleokarst and faults in typical blocks in northern Tarim Basin is clarified. Through the observation and analysis of the complete core and imaging logging data of the coring section, combined with the assistance of drilling and production data, the types of reservoir space in different blocks in the north of Tarim Basin are revealed, and the types of Ordovician reservoirs in Hala Hattang Oilfield are of cave type. Fracture hole type and hole type, Yingmaali oil field is mainly fracture hole type. The method of ant body is used to explain and identify the faults in typical blocks. The faults in the north of Tarim Basin are mainly strike-slip faults with different stages. The strike-slip faults of order and combination style control the karstification and the process of oil and gas accumulation obviously. Through the investigation of outcrop of modern karst and palaeokarst, according to the genetic type and scale, the fracture-cavernous reservoir is subdivided into three types: underground river pipeline hall cave, faulted Ming River double-controlled cave, and fault-controlled cave. According to the fracturing stage, the fractured porosity reservoir is subdivided into two types: the early fracture porosity reservoir and the microfracture pore type reservoir. The study on the times of karst development and fault development shows that the faults of different periods have obvious controlling effect in the whole process of karst development. In the early stage of karst development and during its development, faults mainly controlled the occurrence of atmospheric freshwater karstification. In the latter stage of karst development, the fault of Yingmaali Oilfield provided a migration channel for hydrothermal fluid, and the hydrothermal fluid upwelled along the fault. Compared with the dissolution of hydrothermal solution, the hydrothermal recrystallization and metasomatism in the late Hercynian period of Yingmaali Oilfield have more destructive effects on the early fracture-cavity reservoirs. Through the comprehensive application of multi-type and multi-scale data, and taking the corresponding tectonic movement background and karst development background as constraints, this paper reveals the underground river pipeline hall cave, the faulted Minghe double-controlled cave, the broken controlled cave and the early fractured pore type reservoir. The main controlling factors and development models of micro-fracture porosity reservoirs are respectively established, and the karst development models of typical blocks such as the inside area of Hara Hattang Oilfield and Yingmai 1zao 2 well area of Yingmai Oilfield are established. The inside area of Hala Hattang oil field includes the karst model of fault drainage and interlayer karst, while Yingmaali oil field is mainly based on the development of fault-controlled karst buried hydrothermal karst model. Different karst development models can better explain the development law and shape of the highly random fracture-cavity reservoir in this area.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(北京)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13
本文編號：2135608
[Abstract]:The Ordovician fracture-cavernous karst reservoirs are widely developed in the Tarim Basin. The reservoir space is complex and diverse, and the horizontal development scale and distribution are quite different. The Ordovician reservoir is located in the Hala Hattang Oilfield in the north of Tarim Basin. The Ordovician fracture-cave reservoir in Yingmaali Oilfield has been developed. The coupling of a large number of developed strike-slip faults and karst in the development stage greatly increases the randomness and complexity of the Ordovician fracture-cavernous reservoirs in the northern part of Tarim Basin, resulting in more contradictions in the development of the reservoirs. The coupling relationship between fault and karst is a difficult problem to be solved. Under the guidance of modern karst and paleokarst outcrop, this paper synthetically uses core, drilling logging data, high-precision seismic data to identify fracture-cavity reservoirs and faults, subdivide the genetic types of fracture-cavernous reservoirs, and study the stages, stages and assemblage characteristics of faults. The coupling relationship between paleokarst and faults in typical blocks in northern Tarim Basin is clarified. Through the observation and analysis of the complete core and imaging logging data of the coring section, combined with the assistance of drilling and production data, the types of reservoir space in different blocks in the north of Tarim Basin are revealed, and the types of Ordovician reservoirs in Hala Hattang Oilfield are of cave type. Fracture hole type and hole type, Yingmaali oil field is mainly fracture hole type. The method of ant body is used to explain and identify the faults in typical blocks. The faults in the north of Tarim Basin are mainly strike-slip faults with different stages. The strike-slip faults of order and combination style control the karstification and the process of oil and gas accumulation obviously. Through the investigation of outcrop of modern karst and palaeokarst, according to the genetic type and scale, the fracture-cavernous reservoir is subdivided into three types: underground river pipeline hall cave, faulted Ming River double-controlled cave, and fault-controlled cave. According to the fracturing stage, the fractured porosity reservoir is subdivided into two types: the early fracture porosity reservoir and the microfracture pore type reservoir. The study on the times of karst development and fault development shows that the faults of different periods have obvious controlling effect in the whole process of karst development. In the early stage of karst development and during its development, faults mainly controlled the occurrence of atmospheric freshwater karstification. In the latter stage of karst development, the fault of Yingmaali Oilfield provided a migration channel for hydrothermal fluid, and the hydrothermal fluid upwelled along the fault. Compared with the dissolution of hydrothermal solution, the hydrothermal recrystallization and metasomatism in the late Hercynian period of Yingmaali Oilfield have more destructive effects on the early fracture-cavity reservoirs. Through the comprehensive application of multi-type and multi-scale data, and taking the corresponding tectonic movement background and karst development background as constraints, this paper reveals the underground river pipeline hall cave, the faulted Minghe double-controlled cave, the broken controlled cave and the early fractured pore type reservoir. The main controlling factors and development models of micro-fracture porosity reservoirs are respectively established, and the karst development models of typical blocks such as the inside area of Hara Hattang Oilfield and Yingmai 1zao 2 well area of Yingmai Oilfield are established. The inside area of Hala Hattang oil field includes the karst model of fault drainage and interlayer karst, while Yingmaali oil field is mainly based on the development of fault-controlled karst buried hydrothermal karst model. Different karst development models can better explain the development law and shape of the highly random fracture-cavity reservoir in this area.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(北京)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13
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