【摘要】：晚石炭世莫斯科期刺毛類(Chaetetids)是重要的造礁生物,在全球范圍內(nèi)廣泛分布并建造礁體。中國(guó)已報(bào)道的刺毛類礁主要分布在遼東太子河流域,產(chǎn)在上石炭統(tǒng)本溪組海相灰?guī)r中。刺毛類生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)多樣,有層狀、板狀、丘狀、分枝狀和柱狀,主要以板狀覆蓋沉積物的方式造礁。研究區(qū)刺毛類礁中刺毛類生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)及其所主導(dǎo)的生物群落在垂向上變化明顯,由此將礁體的建造劃分為三個(gè)階段:(1)定殖階段:刺毛類較少,生長(zhǎng)方式單一,多以層狀形態(tài)生長(zhǎng)在棘屑灘上。層狀刺毛類體積小,抗浪能力較弱,很難在其周圍創(chuàng)造水流平緩的可供其他底棲生物生存的環(huán)境。因而該階段群落生物種類單一,數(shù)量稀少;(2)繁盛階段:刺毛類豐富,生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)多樣,以板狀、分枝狀和丘狀為主。板狀刺毛類單獨(dú)形成的礁骨架,或與分枝狀和丘狀刺毛類組合起來的礁骨架,都能在其周圍一定范圍營(yíng)造適宜底棲生物生存的環(huán)境,因此該階段群落的生物多樣性高;(3)衰退階段:刺毛類很少,多為薄層狀,斷續(xù)生長(zhǎng)在棘屑組成的基底上。薄層狀刺毛類很脆弱,基本失去改善周圍環(huán)境的能力,因此該階段群落生物多樣性很低。以上分析說明刺毛類生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)的變化可以影響生物群落的組成和演化。生物群落的演化過程就是礁體建造的過程。從刺毛類生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)的角度研究礁體建造過程,為分析由具有多種生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)的造礁生物建造的生物礁的成礁機(jī)制提供新思路。
[Abstract]:Chaetetids (late Carboniferous) is an important reef-forming organism, which is widely distributed and constructed in the world. The spiny reefs reported in China are mainly distributed in the Taixing River basin of eastern Liaoning Province and occur in the marine limestone of Benxi formation of Upper Carboniferous. The growth forms of the species are various, such as stratiform, platelike, hillock, branched and columnar, and the reef is mainly made by covering the sediment with the plate. In the study area, the growth morphology and the dominant biota of the spiny reef changed obviously vertically, so the reef formation was divided into three stages: (1) the colonization stage: there were fewer spines and a single growth pattern in the reef, and the formation of the reef was divided into three stages: (1) the colonization stage: the growth pattern of the reef was single. Most of them grow in stratiform on the spiny beach. Because of its small size and weak ability to resist waves, stratiform spines are difficult to create a gentle flow environment for other benthos to survive. Therefore, the species of community in this stage is single and the number is rare; (2) in the flourishing stage, the spines are abundant, and the growth forms are various, mainly in the form of plate, branching and mound. Reef skeletons formed alone or in combination with branched and cumulus spines can create an environment around them that is suitable for the survival of benthos. Therefore, the biodiversity of the community in this stage is high; (3) in the declining stage, there are few thorns, most of which are thin-layer, and they grow intermittently on the substrate composed of spines. Thin-layer trichomes are fragile and have little ability to improve the surrounding environment, so the community biodiversity is very low at this stage. The above analysis shows that the change of growth morphology of Cynura can affect the composition and evolution of biota. The evolution of biota is the process of reef formation. The study on the process of reef formation from the point of view of the growth morphology of the spiny species provides a new idea for analyzing the reef-forming mechanism of the reef constructed by the reef-forming organisms with various growth forms.
【作者單位】： 東北大學(xué)地質(zhì)系;遼寧省化石資源保護(hù)管理局;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào)41202018,41572004) 博士點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào)20110042120043) 基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目(編號(hào)N120401001)資助的成果
【分類號(hào)】：Q915

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