【摘要】：隨著石油、天然氣等傳統(tǒng)能源的日益短缺,天然氣水合物被公認為未來化石燃料的理想替代能源。它的識別技術研究及相應的軟件開發(fā)對于天然氣水合物的資源評價及后續(xù)開采等工作有重要的參考意義。然而,現有的商業(yè)軟件無法對天然氣水合物進行有效可靠的識別。而單一的依靠地震波的反射特征等方法也存在多解性和局限性。需要在此基礎上研究地震的多屬性聯合識別技術。天然氣氣體在地震體上的響應特征并不是單一的,而是一個宏觀上有聯系的統(tǒng)一體。從深部到淺部受影響的地震屬性或響應特征分別為:品質因子(滲透率),相干性,彈性參數(橫波,縱波,密度),羽狀流。研究出一套可以估算以上這些屬性的軟件系統(tǒng)并將結果呈現出來,與地震資料進行綜合對比,可以有效地檢測出實際地下的氣體存在情況,有利于分析天然氣水合物的空間分布,可為其勘探提供科學的參考依據。作為天然氣水合物識別課題組的一員,我的研究內容是將課題組新提出的水合物識別方法進行吸收理解,根據軟件開發(fā)的需要編入軟件系統(tǒng)中,使理論方法可以實用化,適用于常規(guī)的地震資料反演。在原軟件系統(tǒng)的縱橫波增量比法和AVO反演法的基礎上增加了地震多屬性反演法,即層間品質因子,彈性參數,相干性等識別方法。除此之外,在軟件實際操作中,有些原軟件模塊不再與研究項目的需求匹配,需要針對缺陷進行改進完善,重新構建和優(yōu)化軟件的結構和功能,增加其實用性。對于地震數據的操作也要改進,實現二維數據向三維數據拓展,這是研究項目的需求,也是平面大范圍分析水合物成藏的需求。所以,作者基于Qt平臺,研發(fā)出一套功能豐富、容易操作且能夠跨平臺運行的天然氣水合物地震識別軟件。模塊與模塊之間功能相輔相成,實現從海底地層,海底面到海水的綜合分析系統(tǒng),專門用于天然氣水合物的識別。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of traditional energy such as oil and natural gas, natural gas hydrate is recognized as the ideal alternative energy for fossil fuels in the future. The research of its identification technology and the corresponding software development are of great significance for the evaluation of natural gas hydrate resources and subsequent exploitation. However, existing commercial software is unable to identify gas hydrate effectively and reliably. The single method based on the reflection characteristics of seismic waves also has many solutions and limitations. On this basis, we need to study the multi-attribute joint identification technology of earthquakes. The response characteristics of natural gas on earthquake body are not single, but a macro-connected entity. The seismic attributes or response characteristics affected from deep to shallow are: quality factor (permeability), coherence, elastic parameters (shear wave, longitudinal wave, density), plume flow. A software system that can estimate these attributes and present the results is developed, and compared with seismic data, the existence of actual underground gas can be effectively detected. It is helpful to analyze the spatial distribution of gas hydrate and provide scientific reference for its exploration. As a member of the natural gas hydrate recognition group, my research content is to absorb and understand the new hydrate recognition method proposed by the research group, and program it into the software system according to the need of software development, so that the theoretical method can be applied. It is suitable for conventional seismic data inversion. Based on the P-S wave increment ratio method and AVO inversion method of the original software system, the seismic multi-attribute inversion method is added, that is, the identification method of interlayer quality factor, elastic parameter, coherence and so on. In addition, in the actual operation of the software, some original software modules no longer match the requirements of the research project, so it is necessary to improve and perfect the defects, rebuild and optimize the structure and function of the software, and increase its practicability. The operation of seismic data should also be improved to realize the expansion of 2D data to 3D data, which is the requirement of the research project and the requirement of analyzing hydrate accumulation on a large scale. Therefore, based on QT platform, the author has developed a set of natural gas hydrate seismic identification software, which is rich in function, easy to operate and can run across platforms. The functions of the modules are complementary to each other, and a comprehensive analysis system from the undersea strata, the seabed surface to the sea water is realized, which is specially used for the identification of gas hydrate.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13;P631.4

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