馬湖滑坡群發(fā)育特征與形成、演化過(guò)程研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 07:30
【摘要】：馬湖滑坡群位于四川省涼山彝族自治州雷波縣璜瑯鎮(zhèn),是在強(qiáng)震作用下,形成的多期次的巨型滑坡,其最近一期形成的堰塞壩和堰塞湖保存完整,是解剖歷史地震滑坡的理想之地。馬湖滑坡群皆是對(duì)門(mén)山發(fā)生的滑坡,滑坡堆積體鋪滿(mǎn)整個(gè)璜瑯鎮(zhèn),從南起馬湖�？�,北至車(chē)家灣(三家彎),西起筐海壩,東至下河壩,滑坡堆積體平均厚度約100m,由出露的堆積體可推測(cè)滑坡堆積體總體積近20億m3�；露逊e體經(jīng)過(guò)多經(jīng)此的堆疊、河流侵蝕、人為改造等因素,呈現(xiàn)出槽谷和山梁的地貌。論文以馬湖滑坡群為研究對(duì)象,在野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查、資料收集及分析的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細(xì)地闡述滑坡區(qū)工程地質(zhì)條件,由此概化出滑坡形成的地質(zhì)概念模型。論文將馬湖滑坡群的堆積體按其發(fā)育特征進(jìn)行了分期,并詳細(xì)的描述、分析。根據(jù)各期次的堆積體發(fā)育特征,解釋馬湖滑坡群的成因機(jī)制,并反演了馬湖滑坡群以及滑坡區(qū)地貌發(fā)展、演化過(guò)程。最后,通過(guò)離散元軟件UDEC模擬滑坡運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程數(shù)值模擬。主要結(jié)論和認(rèn)識(shí)如下:1)馬湖滑坡群在五次地震事件下共發(fā)生過(guò)五期滑坡,其各期次成因模式皆為震動(dòng)拉裂-順層滑移式。馬湖滑坡群是受到以下因素的共同作用并在強(qiáng)震作用下發(fā)生的滑坡:(1)地處多期構(gòu)造疊加部位;(2)由于第四紀(jì)中更新世以來(lái)金沙江的快速下切帶動(dòng)古璜瑯河的深切作用;(3)軟弱夾層的存在削弱了巖體的層間結(jié)合力;(4)城墻巖背斜及芭蕉灘背斜產(chǎn)生的軸向縱張裂隙和橫向張裂隙削弱了巖體的完整性;(5)強(qiáng)震地震波在地形放大效應(yīng)疊加作用下。2)馬湖滑坡群形成過(guò)程有著一系列的規(guī)律,其滑源區(qū)像是“洋蔥剝皮”一樣,一層一層的發(fā)生滑動(dòng)破壞。由于馬湖滑坡群的堆積體多次堰塞,促使古璜瑯河多次改道,形成了璜瑯鎮(zhèn)的槽谷、低山、淺丘的地勢(shì)以及現(xiàn)如今的馬湖。馬湖的排泄方式主要為“壩中滲流”,其補(bǔ)給與排泄基本平衡,使得馬湖現(xiàn)存如今。由于湖水滲流,其壩基北側(cè)形成洼地槽谷地貌。而第四期滑坡堆積體成分為灰?guī)r碎石土,受溶蝕作用明顯,形成了店子坪、干池塘洼地,其中還發(fā)育溶蝕漏斗。3)通過(guò)離散元UDEC軟件對(duì)滑坡運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬可以得出滑坡運(yùn)動(dòng)特征:(1)啟動(dòng)階段,在2-6s時(shí),滑坡突然啟動(dòng),啟動(dòng)速度為1m/s。(2)啟動(dòng)-加速-啟程階段。在滑坡啟動(dòng)后,在6-30s內(nèi),滑體加速至最大速度為67m/s,此時(shí)滑體完全脫離滑源,可近似當(dāng)作滑體的啟程速度的上限,在30-40s,滑體加速至滑坡整個(gè)過(guò)程中的最大速度72m/s。(3)減速爬坡階段,在40s時(shí),滑體遇到阻礙后開(kāi)始爬坡,運(yùn)動(dòng)速度漸漸變小,并在70s時(shí)趨于穩(wěn)定。(4)穩(wěn)定階段,在70-100s時(shí),滑體停止前進(jìn)�；抡w運(yùn)移近2.4km,滑體前緣的巖塊滑動(dòng)距離最遠(yuǎn)約2~2.4km,滑體中部的巖塊滑動(dòng)距離最遠(yuǎn)約1.5~1.7km,滑體坡頂?shù)倪\(yùn)移距離最遠(yuǎn)約1.2~1.6km。
[Abstract]:The Mahu landslide group is located in Huanglang Town, Leibo County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is a multi-stage giant landslide formed by strong earthquakes. It is an ideal place for dissecting historical earthquake landslides. The Mahu landslide group is a landslide occurring in the opposite mountain. The landslide accumulation body is covered with the whole town of Huang Lang. From the south of Mahu Haikou to the north to Caijiawan (three bends), west to basket-sea dam, east to lower river dam, The average thickness of landslide accumulations is about 100m.The total volume of landslide accumulations can be inferred from the exposed accumulations about 2 billion m3. The landform of trough valley and mountain beam appears in landslide accumulation through many factors, such as stacking, river erosion, artificial transformation and so on. On the basis of field geological investigation, data collection and analysis, this paper takes Mahu landslide group as the research object, expounds the engineering geological conditions in landslide area in detail, and then generalizes the geological conceptual model of landslide formation. In this paper, the accumulation body of Mahu landslide group is divided into stages according to its developmental characteristics, and described and analyzed in detail. According to the characteristics of accumulation body development in each stage, the genetic mechanism of Mahu landslide group is explained, and the geomorphologic development and evolution process of Mahu landslide group and landslide area are inversed. Finally, the discrete element software UDEC is used to simulate the landslide motion. The main conclusions and understandings are as follows: (1) the Mahu landslide group has occurred five periods of landslides under five earthquake events. The Mahu landslide group is caused by the following factors: (1) located in the superimposed position of multi-stage structure, (2) driven by the rapid undercutting of the Jinsha River since the Middle Pleistocene of Quaternary. (3) the existence of weak intercalation weakens the interlaminar adhesion of rock mass; (4) the axial longitudinal fissure and transverse tensional fissure produced by the wall rock anticline and Bajiatan anticline weaken the integrity of the rock mass; (5) the strong earthquake waves superimpose on the topographic effect. The formation process of Mahu landslide group has a series of rules. Its slippery source is like "onion peeling", a layer of sliding damage. Because the accumulation body of the Mahu landslide group has been blocked many times, the Guhuanglang River has been diverted many times, forming the trough valley, the low mountain and the shallow hill of Huanglang Town, as well as the present Ma Hu. The discharge mode of Ma Lake is mainly "seepage in dam", and its recharge and discharge are basically balanced, which makes the lake exist today. Because of the percolation of the lake water, the north side of the dam foundation forms the valley geomorphology of the trough. However, in the fourth stage, the composition of the landslide is limestone and gravel soil, which is obviously eroded, forming Dianziping, dry pond depressions, Also developed dissolution funnel .3) through the discrete element UDEC software to the landslide movement process numerical simulation may obtain the landslide movement characteristic: (1) start stage, at 2-6 s, the landslide suddenly starts, the starting speed is 1 m / s. (2) Start-up-accelerated-start stage. After the start of the landslide, within 6-30s, the sliding body accelerates to the maximum speed of 67 m / s. The sliding body is completely detached from the sliding source and can be regarded as the upper limit of the starting speed of the slide body. At 30-40 s, the sliding body accelerates to the maximum speed of 72 m / s / s during the whole process of the landslide. (3) decelerate the climbing phase. After 40 s, the slider starts to climb the slope and the velocity becomes smaller, and tends to be stable at 70s. (4) in the stable stage, the slider stops moving at 70-100s. The whole movement of the landslide is nearly 2.4 km, the sliding distance of the rock block at the front edge of the landslide is about 2 ~ 2.4km, the sliding distance of the rock block in the middle part of the landslide is about 1.5 ~ 1.7km, and the distance from the top of the landslide slope is about 1.2 ~ 1.6km.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P642.22
本文編號(hào)：2125678
[Abstract]:The Mahu landslide group is located in Huanglang Town, Leibo County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is a multi-stage giant landslide formed by strong earthquakes. It is an ideal place for dissecting historical earthquake landslides. The Mahu landslide group is a landslide occurring in the opposite mountain. The landslide accumulation body is covered with the whole town of Huang Lang. From the south of Mahu Haikou to the north to Caijiawan (three bends), west to basket-sea dam, east to lower river dam, The average thickness of landslide accumulations is about 100m.The total volume of landslide accumulations can be inferred from the exposed accumulations about 2 billion m3. The landform of trough valley and mountain beam appears in landslide accumulation through many factors, such as stacking, river erosion, artificial transformation and so on. On the basis of field geological investigation, data collection and analysis, this paper takes Mahu landslide group as the research object, expounds the engineering geological conditions in landslide area in detail, and then generalizes the geological conceptual model of landslide formation. In this paper, the accumulation body of Mahu landslide group is divided into stages according to its developmental characteristics, and described and analyzed in detail. According to the characteristics of accumulation body development in each stage, the genetic mechanism of Mahu landslide group is explained, and the geomorphologic development and evolution process of Mahu landslide group and landslide area are inversed. Finally, the discrete element software UDEC is used to simulate the landslide motion. The main conclusions and understandings are as follows: (1) the Mahu landslide group has occurred five periods of landslides under five earthquake events. The Mahu landslide group is caused by the following factors: (1) located in the superimposed position of multi-stage structure, (2) driven by the rapid undercutting of the Jinsha River since the Middle Pleistocene of Quaternary. (3) the existence of weak intercalation weakens the interlaminar adhesion of rock mass; (4) the axial longitudinal fissure and transverse tensional fissure produced by the wall rock anticline and Bajiatan anticline weaken the integrity of the rock mass; (5) the strong earthquake waves superimpose on the topographic effect. The formation process of Mahu landslide group has a series of rules. Its slippery source is like "onion peeling", a layer of sliding damage. Because the accumulation body of the Mahu landslide group has been blocked many times, the Guhuanglang River has been diverted many times, forming the trough valley, the low mountain and the shallow hill of Huanglang Town, as well as the present Ma Hu. The discharge mode of Ma Lake is mainly "seepage in dam", and its recharge and discharge are basically balanced, which makes the lake exist today. Because of the percolation of the lake water, the north side of the dam foundation forms the valley geomorphology of the trough. However, in the fourth stage, the composition of the landslide is limestone and gravel soil, which is obviously eroded, forming Dianziping, dry pond depressions, Also developed dissolution funnel .3) through the discrete element UDEC software to the landslide movement process numerical simulation may obtain the landslide movement characteristic: (1) start stage, at 2-6 s, the landslide suddenly starts, the starting speed is 1 m / s. (2) Start-up-accelerated-start stage. After the start of the landslide, within 6-30s, the sliding body accelerates to the maximum speed of 67 m / s. The sliding body is completely detached from the sliding source and can be regarded as the upper limit of the starting speed of the slide body. At 30-40 s, the sliding body accelerates to the maximum speed of 72 m / s / s during the whole process of the landslide. (3) decelerate the climbing phase. After 40 s, the slider starts to climb the slope and the velocity becomes smaller, and tends to be stable at 70s. (4) in the stable stage, the slider stops moving at 70-100s. The whole movement of the landslide is nearly 2.4 km, the sliding distance of the rock block at the front edge of the landslide is about 2 ~ 2.4km, the sliding distance of the rock block in the middle part of the landslide is about 1.5 ~ 1.7km, and the distance from the top of the landslide slope is about 1.2 ~ 1.6km.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P642.22
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