發(fā)布時間：2018-07-15 08:33

【摘要】：危巖失穩(wěn)引起的崩塌災害是自然長期發(fā)展衍變而來的,崩塌災害給我國基建和交通都會帶來很多不利影響。建設過程中崩塌會影響施工安全,運營過程中公路沿線的崩塌會造成交通中斷。目前對危巖體和崩塌的研究較多,但大都偏于理論分析計算,無法快速判斷危巖體的穩(wěn)定程度。所以,研究一種基于危巖體外觀特性和圖像特征的危巖快速識別方法是必要的。論文探討了危巖的形成機理,歸納出危巖體的失穩(wěn)運動模式,詳細分析了各種失穩(wěn)類型危巖體的圖像特征,并依據(jù)圖像特征對危巖體分類進行細化。分析了各類危巖體的受力特征,總結出危巖體維持其穩(wěn)定的穩(wěn)定因素和加快其失穩(wěn)的失穩(wěn)因素,建立了危巖體的環(huán)境影響因素庫。論文將危巖失穩(wěn)視作失穩(wěn)趨勢和環(huán)境條件共同作用的結果,并提出了表征巖石失穩(wěn)趨勢的評價指數(shù)GSI(幾何穩(wěn)定指數(shù))和表征環(huán)境影響程度的評價指數(shù)EII(環(huán)境影響指數(shù))。在此基礎上,提出了GSI和EII的計算方法,研究分析了GSI和EII之間的關系,提出了巖石的穩(wěn)定性評價指數(shù)RSI(巖石穩(wěn)定指數(shù))及其計算公式。論文主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)深入分析了危巖的形成機理和發(fā)展模式,對危巖體進行了統(tǒng)一分類。按照其失穩(wěn)運動趨勢分為五個大類,在失穩(wěn)趨勢大類基礎上,依據(jù)圖像特征又細分為十六個小類。(2)基于危巖體的圖像特征,進行受力分析,提出導致危巖體失穩(wěn)的失穩(wěn)因素和維持危巖體穩(wěn)定的穩(wěn)定因素,建立了影響因素庫。(3)在研究巖石結構面產(chǎn)狀信息獲取方法的基礎上,基于極射赤平投影,對巖石的結構面信息進行分析,判斷巖石的失穩(wěn)趨勢獲取巖石的GSI。研究危巖體的穩(wěn)定因素和失穩(wěn)因素,提出了危巖體環(huán)境影響因素打分表和EII的計算方法。(4)提出了巖石的GSI、EII、RSI及其計算方法。
[Abstract]:The collapse disaster caused by unstable rock is the result of the natural long-term development. The collapse disaster will bring a lot of adverse effects to the construction and traffic of our country. Collapse in the construction process will affect the construction safety, and the collapse along the highway will cause traffic disruption in the course of operation. At present, there are many researches on dangerous rock mass and collapse, but most of them are based on theoretical analysis and calculation, so it is impossible to judge the stability of dangerous rock mass quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to study a fast identification method based on the appearance and image characteristics of dangerous rock mass. In this paper, the formation mechanism of dangerous rock mass is discussed, the unstable movement model of dangerous rock mass is concluded, the image features of various unstable rock masses are analyzed in detail, and the classification of dangerous rock mass is refined according to the image characteristics. The stress characteristics of various dangerous rock masses are analyzed, and the stable factors to maintain their stability and the unstable factors to accelerate their instability are summarized, and the environmental influence factors database of dangerous rock mass is established. In this paper, the instability of dangerous rock is regarded as the result of the combination of instability trend and environmental conditions, and the evaluation index GSI (geometric stability index) and EII (environmental impact index) are proposed to characterize the instability trend of rock. On this basis, the calculation method of GSI and EII is put forward, the relationship between GSI and EII is analyzed, and the rock stability evaluation index RSI (rock stability index) and its calculation formula are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the formation mechanism and development model of dangerous rock are analyzed, and the dangerous rock mass is classified uniformly. According to the trend of instability motion, it is divided into five categories. On the basis of the large category of instability trend, it is subdivided into sixteen sub-categories according to the image features. (2) based on the image features of dangerous rock mass, the force is analyzed. The unstable factors of unstable rock mass and the stable factors of maintaining the stability of dangerous rock mass are put forward, and the influence factor database is established. (3) on the basis of studying the method of obtaining information of occurrence of rock structure plane, based on the projection of polar plane, Based on the analysis of the structural plane information of rock, the GSI of rock can be obtained by judging the trend of rock instability. In this paper, the stability and instability factors of dangerous rock mass are studied, and the classification table of environmental influence factors of dangerous rock mass and the calculation method of EII are put forward. (4) the GSI EII RSI of rock and its calculation method are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U418.5;P642.21

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