【摘要】：運用沉積學、古生物學、層序地層學、巖石學、煤地質(zhì)學等學科的理論和方法,通過對義馬煤田鉆井巖芯和野外剖面的觀察和室內(nèi)試驗研究,結(jié)合研究區(qū)150余口鉆井等資料的綜合分析,在研究區(qū)義馬組識別出沖積扇、湖泊三角洲、湖泊等3種沉積相、8種沉積亞相以及14種沉積微相,并總結(jié)了其特征。在層序邊界識別的基礎(chǔ)上,將義馬組劃分為2個三級層序和6個體系域,建立了研究區(qū)層序地層格架,在層序地層格架內(nèi)探討了研究區(qū)義馬組沉積演化規(guī)律:SQ1低位時期,盆地內(nèi)主要發(fā)育沖積扇;湖侵時期,在研究區(qū)南部形成了大量的積水湖泊;高位時期,在扇前平原上形成了泥炭沼澤,并逐漸向北部擴展至全區(qū)。SQ2低位初期,研究區(qū)北西部和北東部分別形成了一個湖泊三角洲,并于低位末期在廢棄的三角洲上形成了泥炭沼澤;湖侵時期,整個研究區(qū)被湖水淹沒,發(fā)育湖泊沉積;高位時期,湖泊萎縮,在南部湖灣地區(qū)發(fā)育了泥炭沼澤,最后被馬凹組沖積扇所覆蓋。研究區(qū)義馬組時期構(gòu)造活動微弱、氣候溫濕、植物繁盛,有利于泥炭沼澤的發(fā)育。聚煤作用的發(fā)生受到沉積基底、沉積環(huán)境和湖平面變化的控制;總結(jié)出了沖積扇、三角洲和湖灣3種聚煤模式。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories and methods of sedimentology, paleontology, sequence stratigraphy, petrology, coal geology, etc., through observation of drilling core and field profile in Yima coalfield, Based on the comprehensive analysis of more than 150 drilling wells in the study area, three sedimentary facies, including alluvial fan, lacustrine delta and lake, are identified in the study area, including 8 sedimentary subfacies and 14 sedimentary microfacies, and their characteristics are summarized. On the basis of sequence boundary recognition, the Yima formation is divided into two third-order sequences and six system tracts. The sequence stratigraphic framework of the study area is established, and the sedimentary evolution law of the Yima formation in the study area is discussed in the low stage of < SQ1. The alluvial fan is mainly developed in the basin; during the lake transgression, a large number of stagnant lakes were formed in the southern part of the study area; in the high stage, peat swamps were formed on the fan front plain, and gradually extended to the north to the early stage of .SQ2 low level in the whole area. A lake delta was formed in the north west and the north east of the study area, and peat swamps were formed on the abandoned delta at the end of the lower stage; during the lake transgression, the whole study area was submerged by lake water and developed lake deposition. The lake shrank and peat swamps developed in the southern lake bay area, and were finally covered by alluvial fans of the Mawa formation. During the period of Yima formation in the study area, the tectonic activity was weak, the climate was warm and wet, and the plants were abundant, which was beneficial to the development of peat swamp. The occurrence of coal accumulation is controlled by sedimentary basement, sedimentary environment and lake level, and three coal accumulation models, alluvial fan, delta and lake bay, are summarized.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.11

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