頭寨巖崩啟動機理研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 15:43
【摘要】：峨眉山玄武巖在云南地區(qū)較常見,且云南地區(qū)地質(zhì)構(gòu)造應力復雜,造就了群山綿綿的高山峽谷。高山峽谷區(qū)巖崩災害的發(fā)生頻率較高,巖崩是發(fā)生在高山峽谷地區(qū)具有很強的破壞力的巖體物質(zhì)特殊坡移現(xiàn)象,具有破壞性強,監(jiān)控難度大,涉及范圍大,驟然爆發(fā)的特點,研究巖崩啟動機理具有很強的科學和實踐指導意義,但目前為止并沒有一個詳細系統(tǒng)的理論來解釋巖崩的啟動機理。頭寨巖崩是非常典型的巖崩例子,本文就以頭寨巖崩為依托,研究頭寨巖崩的啟動機理具有很強的科學意義,研究具體內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下：(1)通過反演滑體首次撞擊山谷谷底或谷坡的沖擊速度是決定巖崩運移距離及危害性的關(guān)鍵因素。根據(jù)沖擊動力學原理,導出了包含崩滑體幾何參數(shù)、崩滑體及其撞擊對象物理力學參數(shù)的沖擊速度的計算公式,由此計算云南昭通頭寨巖崩滑體首次撞擊谷坡或周圍的風化殘積土沖擊速度為80.21 m/s�；谀芰渴睾阍�,給出了沖擊速度與崩滑體彈沖速度的關(guān)系,據(jù)此計算的頭寨巖崩彈沖速度為5.2 m/s。綜合分析表明,崩滑體撞擊谷底或谷坡后產(chǎn)生巖崩碎屑流的運移速度受到崩滑體質(zhì)量、密度、彈性模量、沖擊方向與坡面的夾角,斜坡殘積土密度、滑裂面底邊長等因素的共同影響。(2)調(diào)查并具體認識頭寨巖崩所在的區(qū)域大地構(gòu)造和區(qū)內(nèi)構(gòu)造以及水文地質(zhì)的分布情況,分析玄武巖層間構(gòu)造的類似沉積巖的層理構(gòu)造,分析玄武巖類似沉積巖的層理與層理之間的軟弱結(jié)構(gòu)面對巖崩啟動的影響做全方位的認識。賦存于北北東向線狀褶皺翼部的P2β呈傾斜狀態(tài)是其發(fā)生大規(guī)模順層失穩(wěn)的前提和基礎；大致沿向斜短軸方向發(fā)育的縱向河流的支流在剝離P2p蓋層,為P2p失穩(wěn)創(chuàng)造臨空環(huán)境的同時,其河道也為P2p向下運移及堆積提供了通道和場所。線性褶皺是賦存P2β最主要的構(gòu)造形式；峨眉山玄武巖的形成機理中巖漿巖噴發(fā)有其潛在的規(guī)律,每次噴發(fā)之前都應該在原來噴發(fā)冷凝面上,其兩次噴發(fā)面之間的層面相對比較軟弱,是易于轉(zhuǎn)換為易于滑動的滑裂面。(3)當鎖固段巖體厚度大而且由堅硬巖體構(gòu)成時,在前半部巖體的龐大的推力下,邊坡內(nèi)部積聚了很大的剪切變性能,當鎖固段巖體被突然被剪斷時,整個巖崩系統(tǒng)在啟動時瞬間釋放了大量的能量,此能量遠遠大于巖石的破碎所需要的能量,超過的部分,將轉(zhuǎn)化為巖崩啟動時的動能,進而獲得較高的啟程彈沖速度。通過其理論分析正演推算其鎖固段巖體在發(fā)生明顯位移時,其釋放的能量轉(zhuǎn)為動能,計算其啟程彈沖速度為5.6 m/s。(4)從微觀角度去考慮玄武巖所組成的礦物晶體在切晶斷裂時釋放的內(nèi)能,其礦物晶體切晶斷裂時所釋放的內(nèi)能也是剪切彈性形變能宏觀表現(xiàn)形式,并初步算出其內(nèi)能,其內(nèi)能轉(zhuǎn)化為其動能進而獲得其較高速度。(5)調(diào)查頭寨巖崩啟動前期降雨量,分析降雨量對巖崩的啟動的影響,并提出降雨不是頭寨巖崩誘發(fā)的直接因素,只是起到了增加鎖固段滑體重力的作用。
[Abstract]:Mount Emei basalt is more common in Yunnan area, and the geological tectonic stress in Yunnan is complex, which makes the mountains and mountains canyon. The frequency of rock avalanche disasters in the high mountain canyon area is high. The rock avalanche is a very destructive rock mass shift phenomenon which has strong destructive force in the high mountain canyon area, which is destructive and difficult to monitor. It is of great scientific and practical guiding significance to study the initiation mechanism of rock avalanche, but at present there is no detailed systematic theory to explain the initiation mechanism of the rock avalanche. The head village rock avalanche is a very typical example of the rock avalanche. This paper is based on the rock avalanche in the head village and studies the starting mechanism of the head village rock avalanche. It is of great scientific significance. The specific contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the impact velocity of the first impact of the slide body on the valley bottom or the valley slope is the key factor determining the movement distance and harmfulness of the rock avalanche. According to the principle of the impact dynamics, the geometric parameters of the avalanche, the slide body and the physical and mechanical parameters of the impact object are derived. The impact velocity of the impact velocity is calculated, and the impact velocity of the first impact valley slope or surrounding weathered residual soil in Zhaotong, Yunnan, Yunnan, is based on the principle of energy conservation, and the relationship between the impact velocity and the velocity of the slide body is given. The calculation of the velocity of the head village rock avalanche is 5.2 m/s. comprehensive analysis. The movement speed of the rock debris flow after the body hits the valley bottom or the valley slope is influenced by the mass, density, modulus of elasticity, the angle of the impact direction and the slope, the density of the slope and the length of the bottom of the slide. (2) investigate and understand the regional tectonics, the structure of the region and the hydrogeology in the head village rock avalanche. The stratigraphic structure of the similar sedimentary rocks in the basalt interlayer structure is analyzed, and the analysis of the influence of the weak structure between the bedding and the bedding of the basalt like sedimentary rocks in the face of the impact of the rock avalanche starts. The branch of the longitudinal River along the short axis of the syncline is stripped of the P2p cover, which creates an air environment for the P2p instability, while the channel also provides the channel and place for the downward migration and accumulation of P2p. The linear fold is the most important structural form of P2 beta, and the eruption of the magmatic rocks in the formation mechanism of Emei Yanxuan Takeiwa has the eruption of magmatic rocks. The potential law should be on the original spray condensation surface before each eruption, and its two eruption surface is relatively weak, which is easy to convert into sliding surface. (3) when the rock mass is thick and is made up of hard rock mass, the interior of the slope has accumulated a lot under the huge thrust of the front half of the rock mass. When the rock mass of the locking section is suddenly cut off, the whole rock avalanche system releases a lot of energy in a moment when the rock mass is started. This energy is far greater than the energy needed for the rock breaking. The excess part will be transformed into the kinetic energy at the start of the rock avalanche, and then the higher velocity of the starting projectile is obtained. The energy released by the rock mass in the locking segment is converted to kinetic energy when the rock mass has obvious displacement, and its starting projectile velocity is calculated to be 5.6 m/s. (4). The internal energy released by the mineral crystal formed by the basalt in the tangent fracture is considered from the microscopic angle. The internal energy released by the crystal shear fracture of the mineral crystal is also the macroscopic expression of the shear elastic deformation. The internal energy is preliminarily calculated, its internal energy is converted to its kinetic energy and its higher speed is obtained. (5) to investigate the rainfall in the early stage of the head village rock avalanche, and to analyze the effect of rainfall on the start of the rock avalanche, and put forward that the rainfall is not the direct factor induced by the rock avalanche in the head village, but the effect of increasing the gravity of the slide body in the locking section is increased.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P642.2
，
本文編號：2122130
[Abstract]:Mount Emei basalt is more common in Yunnan area, and the geological tectonic stress in Yunnan is complex, which makes the mountains and mountains canyon. The frequency of rock avalanche disasters in the high mountain canyon area is high. The rock avalanche is a very destructive rock mass shift phenomenon which has strong destructive force in the high mountain canyon area, which is destructive and difficult to monitor. It is of great scientific and practical guiding significance to study the initiation mechanism of rock avalanche, but at present there is no detailed systematic theory to explain the initiation mechanism of the rock avalanche. The head village rock avalanche is a very typical example of the rock avalanche. This paper is based on the rock avalanche in the head village and studies the starting mechanism of the head village rock avalanche. It is of great scientific significance. The specific contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the impact velocity of the first impact of the slide body on the valley bottom or the valley slope is the key factor determining the movement distance and harmfulness of the rock avalanche. According to the principle of the impact dynamics, the geometric parameters of the avalanche, the slide body and the physical and mechanical parameters of the impact object are derived. The impact velocity of the impact velocity is calculated, and the impact velocity of the first impact valley slope or surrounding weathered residual soil in Zhaotong, Yunnan, Yunnan, is based on the principle of energy conservation, and the relationship between the impact velocity and the velocity of the slide body is given. The calculation of the velocity of the head village rock avalanche is 5.2 m/s. comprehensive analysis. The movement speed of the rock debris flow after the body hits the valley bottom or the valley slope is influenced by the mass, density, modulus of elasticity, the angle of the impact direction and the slope, the density of the slope and the length of the bottom of the slide. (2) investigate and understand the regional tectonics, the structure of the region and the hydrogeology in the head village rock avalanche. The stratigraphic structure of the similar sedimentary rocks in the basalt interlayer structure is analyzed, and the analysis of the influence of the weak structure between the bedding and the bedding of the basalt like sedimentary rocks in the face of the impact of the rock avalanche starts. The branch of the longitudinal River along the short axis of the syncline is stripped of the P2p cover, which creates an air environment for the P2p instability, while the channel also provides the channel and place for the downward migration and accumulation of P2p. The linear fold is the most important structural form of P2 beta, and the eruption of the magmatic rocks in the formation mechanism of Emei Yanxuan Takeiwa has the eruption of magmatic rocks. The potential law should be on the original spray condensation surface before each eruption, and its two eruption surface is relatively weak, which is easy to convert into sliding surface. (3) when the rock mass is thick and is made up of hard rock mass, the interior of the slope has accumulated a lot under the huge thrust of the front half of the rock mass. When the rock mass of the locking section is suddenly cut off, the whole rock avalanche system releases a lot of energy in a moment when the rock mass is started. This energy is far greater than the energy needed for the rock breaking. The excess part will be transformed into the kinetic energy at the start of the rock avalanche, and then the higher velocity of the starting projectile is obtained. The energy released by the rock mass in the locking segment is converted to kinetic energy when the rock mass has obvious displacement, and its starting projectile velocity is calculated to be 5.6 m/s. (4). The internal energy released by the mineral crystal formed by the basalt in the tangent fracture is considered from the microscopic angle. The internal energy released by the crystal shear fracture of the mineral crystal is also the macroscopic expression of the shear elastic deformation. The internal energy is preliminarily calculated, its internal energy is converted to its kinetic energy and its higher speed is obtained. (5) to investigate the rainfall in the early stage of the head village rock avalanche, and to analyze the effect of rainfall on the start of the rock avalanche, and put forward that the rainfall is not the direct factor induced by the rock avalanche in the head village, but the effect of increasing the gravity of the slide body in the locking section is increased.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P642.2
，
本文編號：2122130
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