【摘要】：作為一種特殊形式的牙齒磨耗與使用痕跡,牙齒崩裂與古人類及古代人群食物質(zhì)地、獲取與制作食物方式、某些行為活動(dòng)、生活習(xí)俗密切相關(guān)。然而,迄今對人類牙齒崩裂的關(guān)注程度及開展的研究還不多,尤其缺乏更新世晚期人類牙齒崩裂出現(xiàn)率和表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)方面的數(shù)據(jù)。本文對發(fā)現(xiàn)于貴州興義貓貓洞的更新世晚期人類牙齒釉質(zhì)崩裂痕跡大小、出現(xiàn)率、表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了觀測分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),附連在3件貓貓洞人類下頜骨上的牙齒具有明顯的釉質(zhì)崩裂現(xiàn)象,出現(xiàn)率與生活環(huán)境惡劣的狩獵-采集人群接近。值得注意的是貓貓洞人類牙齒釉質(zhì)崩裂出現(xiàn)在幾乎所有臼齒的咬合面邊緣。作者認(rèn)為出現(xiàn)在貓貓洞人類臼齒的釉質(zhì)崩裂是由于強(qiáng)力咀嚼和研磨堅(jiān)硬食物所致,推測當(dāng)時(shí)人類的食物粗糙,堅(jiān)硬,富含顆粒(如堅(jiān)果、種子等)。在貓貓洞下頜骨上觀察到的波及幾乎全部牙齒的牙周病也為貓貓洞人類嚴(yán)酷生活環(huán)境和粗糙食物的推測提供了一定程度的支持。此外,幾乎所有具有釉質(zhì)崩裂的臼齒都呈現(xiàn)大小不等的多發(fā)性的釉質(zhì)崩裂痕跡的表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)提示貓貓洞人類長時(shí)間大量食用這種粗糙、堅(jiān)硬食物。
[Abstract]:As a special form of tooth wear and use marks, tooth disintegration is closely related to the food texture of ancient people and ancient people, the way of obtaining and making food, some behavior and activities, and living customs. However, so far, there is not much attention and research on human tooth disintegrating, especially lack of data on the occurrence rate and characteristics of human tooth collapse in late Pleistocene. In this paper, the size, occurrence rate and characteristics of tooth enamel disintegration in late Pleistocene human tooth were observed and analyzed in the cat cave of Xingyi, Guizhou. It was found that the teeth attached to the mandible of three cat caverns had obvious enamel disintegration, and the occurrence rate was close to that of hunter-gatherers living in a bad environment. It is worth noting that the human tooth enamel cleavage occurs at the edge of the occlusal surface of almost all molars in the Cat Cave. The authors believe that the breakdown of enamel in human molars in cat caverns is caused by strong chewing and grinding of hard foods. It is assumed that human food at that time was rough, hard, and rich in particles (such as nuts, seeds, etc.). Periodontal disease, which was observed on the mandible of the cat cave, also provides some support for the prediction of the harsh living environment and rough food in the cat cave. In addition, almost all molars with enamel disintegration present multiple enamel disintegration traces of varying sizes, suggesting that cat caverns consume this coarse, hard food in large quantities for a long time.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院脊椎動(dòng)物演化與人類起源重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室中國科學(xué)院古脊椎動(dòng)物與古人類研究所;Department
【基金】：中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項(xiàng)(B類)(XDPB05);中國科學(xué)院國際合作局對外合作重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(132311KYSB20160004)資助 國家自然科學(xué)基金(41630102,41672020)
【分類號】：Q981

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1 曹澤田;;貓貓洞舊石器之研究[J];古脊椎動(dòng)物與古人類;1982年02期

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本文編號：2119921