【摘要】：青海冷湖研究區(qū)是柴達(dá)木盆地的重要組成部分,有著良好的油氣勘探前景。本論文通過對青海省冷湖鎮(zhèn)相關(guān)區(qū)域進(jìn)行地質(zhì)學(xué)方法研究,在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合剖面、粒度分析、孢粉特征等資料對冷湖地區(qū)的巖石學(xué)特征、地層特征、沉積構(gòu)造特征進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)其沉積相的類型及其演化特征。通過地層剖面的巖性觀察總結(jié),采用巖石地層的劃分方法將研究區(qū)古近系—新近系各組地層進(jìn)行確定,代替了前人經(jīng)常使用的古生物區(qū)分地層的方法。通過對研究區(qū)各組地層的孢粉特征進(jìn)行分析可以得出研究區(qū)在古近系—新近系的氣候變化主要為氣溫逐漸下降轉(zhuǎn)為寒冷。氣候呈干燥—濕潤—干燥的變化特征。通過對研究區(qū)內(nèi)的巖石學(xué)特征、沉積構(gòu)造、概率曲線特征等標(biāo)志進(jìn)行分析,大體確定了研究區(qū)內(nèi)部的沉積相類型:包括沖擊扇相、河流相、湖泊相、扇三角洲相、等沉積相類型。并對相應(yīng)的沉積相類型進(jìn)行了劃分,其中沖積扇相可以劃分為扇根、扇中、扇端三個(gè)亞相,辮狀河亞相可以分為河道和心灘兩個(gè)微相。扇三角洲可以分為扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前緣兩個(gè)亞相。湖泊相可以分為濱湖、淺湖、深湖—半深湖三個(gè)亞相。就各沉積相在研究區(qū)內(nèi)所占的比例而言,其中湖泊相分布最為廣泛,河流相次之。通過對冷湖鎮(zhèn)工作區(qū)的1:5萬地質(zhì)填圖的研究成果并結(jié)合前人的鉆井資料對該研究區(qū)古近系—新近系各組地層進(jìn)行剖面對比,并作出各組的地層對比圖,通過地層對比圖并結(jié)合前人資料總結(jié)出沉積相的變化類型,畫出沉積相展布圖以及總結(jié)出研究區(qū)的相模式。最后通過對研究區(qū)的沉積相柱狀圖進(jìn)行分析,確定了研究區(qū)在第三系主要有5次水位的漲落過程。
[Abstract]:The cold lake research area in Qinghai is an important part of the Qaidam Basin and has a good prospect for oil and gas exploration. In this paper, the geological characteristics and characteristics of the Cold Lake area are combined on the basis of the research results of the related regions of Cold Lake Town in Qinghai province. The characteristics of sedimentary structure are analyzed, and the types and evolution characteristics of the sedimentary facies are summarized. Through the lithologic observation of the stratigraphic section, the stratigraphy of the Paleogene Neogene in the study area is determined by the method of lithostratigraphy division. The analysis of the characteristics of the sporopollen can be drawn that the climate change in the Paleogene Neogene is mainly characterized by the change of the temperature gradually to the cold. The climate is dry, moist and dry. Through the analysis of the petrological characteristics, the sedimentary structure and the characteristics of the probability curve in the study area, the interior of the study area is generally determined inside the study area. The types of sedimentary facies include the impact fan facies, fluvial facies, lacustrine facies, fan delta facies and other sedimentary facies types, and the corresponding sedimentary facies types are divided. The alluvial fan facies can be divided into fan root, fan and fan end three subfacies, braided river subfacies can be divided into two microfacies of river channel and heart beach. Fan delta can be divided into fan delta flat. The lacustrine facies can be divided into two subfacies of the fan delta front. The lake facies can be divided into three subfacies of Binhu, shallow lake, deep lake and half deep lake. In terms of the proportion of the sedimentary facies in the study area, the lake facies is the most widely distributed and the river phase is the next. Through the research results of the 1:5 ten million geological mapping in the cold lake town working area and the previous drilling data, The stratigraphic comparison of each group of the Paleogene and Neogene in this study area is compared, and the stratigraphic contrast diagram of each group is made. The variation types of the sedimentary facies are summed up by the stratigraphic contrast map and the previous data. The sedimentary facies map and the phase pattern of the study area are drawn. Finally, the sedimentary facies histogram of the study area is analyzed and determined. There are mainly 5 water level fluctuations in the third systems in the study area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P534.6

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