本文選題：吉林省平原區(qū) + 地下水水量��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：吉林省平原區(qū)主要包含長春市、四平市、松原市、白城市等4個(gè)市以及下轄17個(gè)縣(區(qū)),是吉林省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的核心,是全國重要的商品糧生產(chǎn)基地。隨著地下水開采強(qiáng)度加大,致使部分地區(qū)地下水過量開采,造成生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化,制約了研究區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,因此掌握研究區(qū)地下水位、地下水資源量的時(shí)空演化特征,及地下水資源模數(shù)與其影響因素的關(guān)聯(lián)程度對(duì)合理開發(fā)利用研究區(qū)地下水資源具有重要意義。本文依托吉林省水利廳水資源專項(xiàng)《吉林省1比5萬水文地質(zhì)圖集編制》項(xiàng)目,對(duì)吉林省平原區(qū)第四系地下水位和地下水資源量時(shí)空演化特征進(jìn)行研究。通過繪制研究區(qū)地下水動(dòng)態(tài)曲線圖和2000年、2014年等水位線圖,查明研究區(qū)地下水位的時(shí)空演化特征;采用補(bǔ)給法對(duì)研究區(qū)2000~2013年間地下水資源量進(jìn)行計(jì)算,借助地理信息系統(tǒng)對(duì)地下水資源量的空間分布情況進(jìn)行分析,通過2000~2013年地下水資源量演化曲線圖對(duì)地下水資源量的時(shí)間演化特征進(jìn)行分析;采用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)法對(duì)地下水資源模數(shù)的影響因素進(jìn)行分析。并取得如下成果:(1)基于野外水文地質(zhì)調(diào)查及地下水位長期觀測(cè)資料,繪制了2000年與2014年潛水、承壓水等水位線圖,結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)山前傾斜平原區(qū)潛水位為134~210m,河谷平原區(qū)潛水位為106~198m,松拉河間地塊潛水位為127~204m,臺(tái)地高平原區(qū)潛水位為145~231m,波狀高平原潛水位為122~230m。與2000年相比,2014年潛水位在山前傾斜平原與西部低平原下降區(qū)面積大,在臺(tái)地高平原區(qū)潛水位下降幅度最大,為8.6m。研究區(qū)承壓水位為111~203m,與2000年相比,2014年承壓水位在西部低平原下降區(qū)面積大,在西部低平原水位下降幅度最大,為15.5m。(2)通過繪制年內(nèi)及年際地下水動(dòng)態(tài)曲線,對(duì)研究區(qū)地下水位隨時(shí)間演化規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)地下水位隨時(shí)間變化與降水量隨時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)一致。其中長春市、四平市、松原市的地下水位變化幅度較小,地下水位升降幅度在合理范圍內(nèi)。白城市地下水位下降明顯,且下降范圍較大。(3)運(yùn)用補(bǔ)給法對(duì)研究區(qū)地下水資源量進(jìn)行計(jì)算和分析,并對(duì)比不同年份地下水資源模數(shù)的空間分布情況,結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)地下水資源總量為63.24×108m3/a,其中降水入滲補(bǔ)給量占地下水資源總量的92.0%。各地貌單元分區(qū)地下水資源模數(shù)由大到小為:河谷平原西部山前傾斜平原波狀高平原松拉河間地塊西部低平原臺(tái)地高平原;各行政區(qū)地下水資源模數(shù)由大到小為:長春市四平市白城市松原市。2000~2005年全區(qū)地下水資源模數(shù)普遍增加,2005~2010年西部低平原區(qū)地下水資源模數(shù)下降明顯,2010~2013年山前傾斜平原和西部低平原地下水資源模數(shù)上升明顯。(4)通過計(jì)算研究區(qū)2000~2013年間地下水資源量及資源模數(shù),結(jié)合各行政區(qū)開采量對(duì)地下水資源量進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:地下水資源量與資源模數(shù)整體上隨時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)與降水量隨時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)一致。長春和四平地區(qū)的地下水資源模數(shù)隨時(shí)間變化幅度稍大,松原市的地下水資源量變化幅度較小。長春市和松原市開采量小于地下水可開采量,四平市在枯水年開采量接近地下水可開采量,白城市在部分枯水年開采量超過地下水可開采量。(5)影響地下水資源模數(shù)的因素主要有:下墊面因素、氣象因素、水文因素以及人為因素,其中降水量是影響地下水資源模數(shù)的主導(dǎo)因素。由于各分區(qū)的自然條件及人為作用的差異,使不同分區(qū)內(nèi)各影響因素對(duì)地下水資源量的影響也略有不同。
[Abstract]:Jilin plain area mainly includes 4 cities, such as Changchun City, Siping City, Songyuan city and Baicheng City, and 17 counties under jurisdiction. It is the core of the economic development of Jilin province and the important commodity grain production base in the whole country. With the increase of groundwater exploitation intensity, the underground water is overexploited in some areas, resulting in the deterioration of the ecological environment and restricting the research area. Therefore, it is of great significance to grasp the groundwater level, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the groundwater resources and the correlation between the modulus of groundwater resources and the influencing factors of the groundwater resources, which is of great significance to the rational exploitation and utilization of the groundwater resources in the study area. This paper relies on the water resources special of the water resources department of Jilin province < 1 to 50 thousand hydrogeological maps of Jilin province >. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of groundwater level and groundwater resources in the Quaternary System in Jilin plain area are studied. The spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of groundwater level in the study area are identified by drawing dynamic curves of groundwater in the study area and the water level line map of 2000 and 2014, and the groundwater resources in the study area during 2000~2013 are calculated by the recharge method. By means of geographic information system, the spatial distribution of groundwater resources is analyzed, and the temporal evolution characteristics of groundwater resources are analyzed through the evolution curve of groundwater resources in 2000~2013 years, and the factors affecting the modulus of groundwater resources are analyzed with grey correlation method. The following results are obtained: (1) based on the field The hydrogeological survey and the long-term observation data of groundwater level have drawn the water level line map of diving and pressure water in 2000 and 2014. The results show that the diving position of the sloping plain area in the study area is 134~210m, the diving position of the valley plain area is 106~198m, the diving position of the massif is 127 ~204m, the submersible position of the plateau high plain area is 145~231m, and the wave shape is high. Compared with 2000, the submersible position of the plain is 122~230m. compared with that in 2000. In 2014, the submersible position in the sloping plain of the front of the mountain is larger than that in the western low plain, and the submersible level in the high plain area is the largest in the high plain area. The pressure water level of the 8.6m. study area is 111~203m. Compared with the 2000, the pressure water level in 2014 is large in the lower plain of the west, and in the low plain in the West. The decrease of water level is the largest, which is 15.5m. (2). By drawing the dynamic curve of groundwater in year and year, the groundwater level of the study area is studied with time. The result shows that the variation of groundwater level with time is consistent with time. The variation of groundwater level in Changchun, Siping City and Songyuan city is more than that of time. In a reasonable range, the rise and fall of groundwater level is within a reasonable range. The decline of groundwater level in Baicheng is obvious and the range is large. (3) the groundwater resources in the study area are calculated and analyzed by the recharge method, and the spatial distribution of groundwater model in different years is compared. The results show that the total amount of groundwater resources in the study area is 63.24 x 108m3/a, The groundwater resources module of 92.0%. geomorphologic units in the area of the river valley plain, the west of the river valley plain, the high plain of the high plain in the plain of the river valley plain, the high plain of the western low flat terrace in the west of the pines and the interriver massif in the plain of the valley plain, and the groundwater resources of each administrative region from large to small: the Changchun city of Siping City of Siping City. The modulus of groundwater resources in the whole region of the original city increased generally in.2000~2005, and the groundwater resources modulus decreased obviously in the western low plain area in 2005~2010. (4) the groundwater resources modulus of the sloping plain and the western low plain was rising obviously. (4) through the calculation of the groundwater resources and the resource modulus of the study area during the period of 2000~2013 and the opening of the administrative areas. The quantity of underground water resources is analyzed. The results show that the variation trend of groundwater resources and resource modulus is consistent with time. The change amplitude of groundwater resources in Changchun and Siping area is slightly larger with time, and the amount of underground water resources in Songyuan is small. Changchun and Songyuan City The mining amount is less than the groundwater exploitation, the mining amount in the dry water year is close to the groundwater recoverable quantity in Siping City. In Baicheng, the amount of groundwater exploitation is more than the groundwater exploitation in some dry years. (5) the factors affecting the modulus of groundwater resources mainly include the underlying surface factors, meteorological factors, water factors and human factors, among which the precipitation is influenced by the underground water The dominant factors of water resources modulus. Due to the differences in the natural and artificial effects of each partition, the influence of various factors on the amount of groundwater resources in different areas is slightly different.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.8

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