本文選題：經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解 + 測井相��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：在巖性地層油氣藏勘探中,由于低滲透儲層物性相對較差,導(dǎo)致測井曲線信噪比低,儲層流體識別較為困難,存在多解性�；谠颇Ｐ偷腅MD相控測井儲層預(yù)測研究是在確立優(yōu)勢測井相序集的基礎(chǔ)上,探索經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解(簡稱EMD)提高信噪比的方法,達(dá)到提高測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)分辨率之目的;以層點為樣本,研究時頻分析技術(shù)在測井層序地層學(xué)中應(yīng)用的新方法;在對主力油層精細(xì)分層的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于EMD分解的儲層流體識別的新算法和新參數(shù);針對儲層產(chǎn)能評價中的多解性問題,建立了儲層產(chǎn)能評估的二維正態(tài)云模型判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),實現(xiàn)了測井產(chǎn)能評價過程的可視化;通過對低滲透致密砂巖儲層預(yù)測實例的分析,從科學(xué)上,客觀的給出測井解釋結(jié)果,用于指導(dǎo)油氣藏勘探的進(jìn)程。具體來說,主要研究內(nèi)容及成果有下幾個方面:(1)從多角度、多方面探討用于測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)處理的算法理論。在時頻分析技術(shù)方面,分析了傳統(tǒng)傅里葉變換、小波變換及EMD分解算法的優(yōu)缺點及局限性,指出:傅里葉變換適合于分析頻率固定的平穩(wěn)信號;小波變換和EMD分解更適合于分析非線性、非平穩(wěn)的測井序列。在空間數(shù)據(jù)挖掘理論研究方面,介紹了不確定性人工智能中用于定性概念與其定量數(shù)據(jù)之間相互轉(zhuǎn)換的“云模型”理論,討論了描述“云”的三個基本數(shù)字特征的意義,給出了“正態(tài)云”云模型發(fā)生器的實現(xiàn)算法,為解決測井儲層產(chǎn)能評價中的多解性問題奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)深入探討了多參數(shù)雷達(dá)圖在相控測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)處理中的應(yīng)用技巧,編寫了雷達(dá)圖繪圖程序,為用戶提供便利的使用環(huán)境。以四川盆地大邑構(gòu)造須家河組為例,詳細(xì)介紹了雷達(dá)圖用于測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)處理的三種典型方法與操作步驟;建立了該地區(qū)巖性和流體識別的雷達(dá)圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模板;利用雷達(dá)圖繪圖程序有效地幫助數(shù)據(jù)解釋人員較為精確的實現(xiàn)了分選敏感測井指標(biāo)、識別未知井剖面地層巖性以及初步判定儲集層的流體性質(zhì)。(3)深入分析了三種利用測井資料進(jìn)行層序界面劃分和旋回識別的方法,給出了新的認(rèn)識。以鄂爾多斯盆地子北采油廠L井區(qū)為例,通過對比傳統(tǒng)的測井曲線形態(tài)識別法、小波變換精細(xì)分層法及經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解旋回識別法的理論基礎(chǔ)、應(yīng)用方法與技巧,指出:傳統(tǒng)的測井曲線形態(tài)識別法所投入的工作量大,難度高,并且受人為主觀性因素影響較大;小波變換是一種時頻局部分析方法,它通過兩個互補的濾波器產(chǎn)生低頻的近似信號和高頻的細(xì)節(jié)信號,分別對應(yīng)于信號中的穩(wěn)定變化趨勢和突變點,利用這一特性,可以較為準(zhǔn)確的實現(xiàn)小層的精細(xì)劃分;而emd分解函數(shù)中,每一個分量都包含了信號的完整信息,反映出信號的瞬時頻率特征,更適合于識別地層不同級次的沉積旋回。(4)提出了基于emd分解的測井地層旋回識別的新方法。概括出五種emd分解曲線響應(yīng)特征在各種沉積環(huán)境中的基本形態(tài);以利薩如圖(lissajousfigures)理論為基礎(chǔ),指出了在深度域上作imfs分量的散點圖時出現(xiàn)的光滑閉合曲線正是地層沉積旋回特征的表現(xiàn);并以imfs瞬時頻率主值區(qū)間推算可識別旋回級次,證明了新方法的科學(xué)性。結(jié)合四川盆地川西坳陷中段孝泉-豐谷構(gòu)造帶層序地層研究的實例,詳細(xì)介紹了emd分解用于測井地層旋回識別的新方法和操作步驟,深入探討了不同尺度下本征固有模態(tài)函數(shù)的地質(zhì)意義,指出:對地區(qū)敏感參數(shù)作emd分解,依據(jù)相關(guān)性原理優(yōu)化組合imfs分量可以強化反映地層旋回特征的較為穩(wěn)定的信息;在層序地層學(xué)研究中,地層的旋回是以分布時限為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分的,由瞬時頻率的主值區(qū)間推算出測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)在深度域的可分辨深度范圍,據(jù)此可以很好的識別不同級次的地層旋回特征。(5)提出了基于emd的儲層流體識別的新算法和新參數(shù)。將經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分析方法用于低滲透致密砂巖儲層的天然氣識別當(dāng)中,通過對適合地區(qū)特征的天然氣敏感參數(shù)作經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解,展開多尺度的相關(guān)性對比分析,選擇能較好反映流體性質(zhì)變化的imfs函數(shù)分量作交會圖,揭示出非平穩(wěn)的測井信號在微觀上隱藏的局部曲線相關(guān)和局部線性相關(guān)的規(guī)律,找出了新的水層指示參數(shù)pw、氣層指示參數(shù)pα及優(yōu)質(zhì)氣層指示參數(shù)hgr,并給出依據(jù)新參數(shù)進(jìn)行儲層流體判別的方法和計算公式。(6)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個適用于致密砂巖儲層流體判別的新規(guī)律。以川西凹陷須家河組氣藏識別為例,揭示了優(yōu)勢測井相序集信號中隱藏的局部相關(guān)性規(guī)律,驗證了水層和氣層的新指示參數(shù)和新算法在低滲透性致密砂巖儲層中流體識別的可行性。詳細(xì)介紹了在常規(guī)方法無法識別氣藏的情況下,應(yīng)用emd分解法進(jìn)行氣、水界面識別的新算法與步驟,證實了新算法和新參數(shù)的有效性,指出:在依據(jù)相關(guān)性原理,對優(yōu)選的天然氣敏感參數(shù)ac和cnl的經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解函數(shù)作交會圖時,天然氣儲層呈現(xiàn)出局部曲線相關(guān)的特征,表現(xiàn)為明顯的弧線,并且儲層物性越好,弧線的曲率越大;而水層和干層則呈現(xiàn)出局部線性相關(guān)或可近似為線性相關(guān)的特征。(7)提出了基于云模型的測井儲層產(chǎn)能評價的新方法。針對油氣儲層產(chǎn)能評估過程中廣泛存在的不確定性因素,以及測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)與專家意見之間存在的定量與定性變量轉(zhuǎn)換和映射的需求,深入分析云模型的數(shù)字特征,以鄂爾多斯盆地子北采油廠X井區(qū)延長組地層為例,結(jié)合試油數(shù)據(jù),建立儲層不同產(chǎn)能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的二維正態(tài)云圖,分別從定性和定量上給出了判定儲層產(chǎn)能的方法,實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的可視化解釋。該方法從多角度研究儲層數(shù)據(jù)的分布特征,最大限度的保留了評估過程中概念描述的不確定性因素,建立了專家定性意見的定量可比性,客觀的對儲層產(chǎn)能作出評價,從而保證了測井解釋的可信度。
[Abstract]:In the exploration of lithostratigraphic reservoir, due to the relatively poor physical property of low permeability reservoir, it leads to low signal-to-noise ratio of logging curves, and the reservoir fluid recognition is difficult and multi solvable. The research of EMD phase controlled logging reservoir prediction based on cloud model is based on the establishment of the predominant log phase sequence set, exploring the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to improve the signal to noise ratio. In order to improve the resolution of log data, a new method of applying time frequency analysis technique to log sequence stratigraphy is studied with stratified sampling. On the basis of fine stratification of main oil layers, a new algorithm and new parameters for reservoir fluid identification based on EMD decomposition are put forward. The two dimensional normal cloud model criterion for reservoir productivity evaluation has been established, and the visualization of logging productivity evaluation process is realized. Through the analysis of the low permeability and dense sandstone reservoir prediction example, the results of logging interpretation are objectively given and used to guide the process of oil and gas exploration. The following aspects: (1) the algorithm theory of logging data processing is discussed from many angles and many aspects. In the aspect of time-frequency analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of traditional Fourier transform, wavelet transform and EMD decomposition are analyzed. It is pointed out that Fourier transform is suitable for stationary signals with fixed frequency, and the wavelet transform and EMD decomposition are more suitable. In the analysis of nonlinear and non-stationary log sequences, in the field of spatial data mining theory, the "cloud model" theory used for the conversion between qualitative concepts and quantitative data in uncertain artificial intelligence is introduced, and the significance of describing the three basic digital characteristics of "cloud" is discussed, and the occurrence of "normal cloud" cloud model is given. The realization algorithm of the device has laid the theoretical foundation for solving the multi solvability problem in the logging reservoir productivity evaluation. (2) the application techniques of the multi parameter radar map in the phase controlled logging data processing are deeply discussed, and the radar drawing program is written to provide the convenient use environment for the users. The Xujiahe Formation in Dayi of the Sichuan basin is taken as an example. This paper introduces three typical methods and operation steps of radar map for logging data processing, establishes a standard template for radar map of lithology and fluid identification in this area, and effectively helps the data interpreters to achieve more accurate identification of sensitive logging indicators, identify the lithology of unknown well profile and preliminary identification. The fluid properties of the reservoir are determined. (3) three methods of sequence boundary division and cycle identification using logging data are deeply analyzed. A new understanding is given. Taking the L well area of the Erdos Basin subarea oil production plant as an example, the traditional logging curve shape recognition method, the fine stratification method of wavelet transform and the empirical mode decomposition cycle are compared. The theoretical basis, the application method and the technique of the recognition method, point out that the traditional logging curve shape recognition method has a large amount of work, high difficulty and influenced by the subjective subjective factors. The wavelet transform is a time-frequency local analysis method, which produces low frequency approximate signal and high frequency detail signal through two complementary filters. In the EMD decomposition function, each component contains the complete information of the signal, reflects the instantaneous frequency characteristic of the signal, and is more suitable for identifying the sedimentary cycles of different gradation. (4) proposed A new method of identification of log stratigraphic cycles based on EMD decomposition. The basic morphology of the response characteristics of five EMD decomposition curves in various sedimentary environments is summarized. Based on the theory of lissajousfigures, the smooth and closed curve of the formation of the stratigraphic sedimentary cycles is pointed out when the scatter plot of the IMFs component in the depth domain is the characteristic of the sedimentary cycle. It is proved that the new method is scientific, and the new method is proved to be scientific by using the main interval of IMFs instantaneous frequency. The new method and operation steps of EMD decomposition for identification of log stratigraphic cycle are introduced in detail, combined with the example of the sequence stratigraphy of the middle section of the Sichuan basin in the middle section of the West Sichuan depression. The geological significance of the intrinsic intrinsic modal function indicates that the EMD decomposition of sensitive parameters of the region and the optimization of the combined IMFs component according to the principle of correlation can strengthen the more stable information reflecting the characteristics of the stratigraphic cycle. In the sequence stratigraphic study, the formation cycle is divided by the time limit of distribution and is pushed by the main interval of the instantaneous frequency. The distinguishable depth range of the log data in the depth domain can be calculated and the stratigraphic cycle characteristics of different grades can be identified well. (5) a new algorithm and new parameters for reservoir fluid identification based on EMD are proposed. The empirical mode analysis method is applied to the identification of the sky gas in the low permeability and dense sandstone reservoir, and the characteristics are suitable for the region. The sensitive parameters of natural gas are decomposed by empirical mode, and multiscale correlation analysis is carried out. The IMFs function component, which can better reflect the change of fluid properties, is selected as the rendezvous graph, and the laws of local curve correlation and local linear correlation hidden by non-stationary logging signals are revealed, and the new water layer indication parameter PW, gas layer is found. The indicator parameter p alpha and the indicator parameter HGR of high quality gas reservoir are given, and the method and calculation formula of reservoir fluid discrimination according to the new parameters are given. (6) a new law for identifying the fluid in the tight sandstone reservoir is discovered. The local correlation hidden in the phase sequence set signal of the best potential well log is revealed with the identification of the Xujiahe gas reservoir in the West Sichuan depression as an example. The feasibility of the new indicator parameters of water layer and gas reservoir and the new algorithm in the low permeability tight sandstone reservoir are verified. The new algorithm and steps of gas and water interface identification by the EMD decomposition method are introduced in detail, and the validity of the new algorithm and the new parameters are confirmed. On the basis of the principle of correlation, when the selected natural gas sensitive parameters AC and CNL are rendezvous with the empirical mode decomposition function, the natural gas reservoir shows the characteristics related to the local curve, showing the obvious arc, and the better the physical property of the reservoir, the greater the curvature of the arc line, while the water layer and the dry layer show a local linear correlation or can be approximated as a line. (7) a new method of logging reservoir productivity evaluation based on cloud model is proposed. The uncertain factors which exist widely in the process of oil and gas reservoir productivity evaluation, and the requirement of quantitative and qualitative variable transformation and mapping between logging data and expert opinion are needed, and the digital characteristics of the cloud model are analyzed in depth, and the ERL is analyzed. As an example of the Yanchang Formation in the X well area of the duo basin sub oil production plant, combining with the oil test data, the two-dimensional normal cloud map of the reservoir with different productivity standards is established. The method of determining the reservoir productivity is given from the qualitative and quantitative terms, and the visual interpretation of the data mining is realized. The method is used to study the distribution characteristics of the reservoir data from multiple angles and maximize the distribution characteristics. The uncertainty factors of the conceptual description in the evaluation process are retained, the quantitative comparability of the expert qualitative opinion is established, and the reservoir productivity is evaluated objectively, thus ensuring the credibility of the log interpretation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13;P631.81

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 趙偉;姜在興;邱隆偉;陳妍;;小波分析劃分層序單元的地質(zhì)學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)、方法與應(yīng)用[J];石油與天然氣地質(zhì);2010年04期

2 李新虎;;小波分析在測井層序地層劃分中的應(yīng)用——以二連盆地白音查干凹陷達(dá)30井騰格爾組為例[J];天然氣地球科學(xué);2008年03期

3 鄭雷清;;雙電法測井在低電阻率儲層流體性質(zhì)識別中的應(yīng)用[J];石油天然氣學(xué)報(江漢石油學(xué)院學(xué)報);2006年03期

4 李德毅,劉常昱;論正態(tài)云模型的普適性[J];中國工程科學(xué);2004年08期

5 賈承造,趙文智,鄒才能,李明,池英柳,姚逢昌,鄭曉東,劉曉,殷積峰;巖性地層油氣藏勘探研究的兩項核心技術(shù)[J];石油勘探與開發(fā);2004年03期

6 劉常昱,李德毅,潘莉莉;基于云模型的不確定性知識表示[J];計算機(jī)工程與應(yīng)用;2004年02期

7 黃大吉,趙進(jìn)平,蘇紀(jì)蘭;希爾伯特-黃變換的端點延拓[J];海洋學(xué)報(中文版);2003年01期

8 鄧擁軍,王偉,錢成春,王忠,戴德君;EMD方法及Hilbert變換中邊界問題的處理[J];科學(xué)通報;2001年03期

9 李德毅，，孟海軍，史雪梅;隸屬云和隸屬云發(fā)生器[J];計算機(jī)研究與發(fā)展;1995年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 倪軍;子北地區(qū)延長組油氣成藏條件及富集規(guī)律研究[D];西北大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：2111493