發(fā)布時間：2018-07-05 06:49

  本文選題：自動旋轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)向鉆具 + 動力學(xué)分析�。� 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：自動導(dǎo)向鉆具指的是鉆柱在旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)的過程中,隨鉆同步實現(xiàn)自動導(dǎo)向功能的一種鉆具。由于這種鉆具能夠?qū)崟r檢測孔斜狀態(tài)并實時糾斜,鉆井時能夠沿著預(yù)先設(shè)計的軌跡鉆進(jìn)。并且具有鉆進(jìn)摩阻和扭阻小、轉(zhuǎn)速高以及井身的軌跡較為平滑等優(yōu)點,被認(rèn)為是當(dāng)代導(dǎo)向鉆井的主流發(fā)展趨勢。但是,目前國內(nèi)尚未完全掌握此項關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文以前期國家“863"探索導(dǎo)向類課題“電磁波隨鉆遙測式自動垂鉆系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究”為依托,對自動導(dǎo)向鉆具井下的動力學(xué)行為和工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行研究,通過仿真分析結(jié)合實驗?zāi)M的手段,研究了在不同鉆壓、轉(zhuǎn)速及偏置力條件下,鉆具實時動態(tài)形變與受力的情況,而振動問題又是最為核心的問題。本項研究旨在為開發(fā)出適合我國國情的自動化導(dǎo)向鉆具系統(tǒng),加快我國深部資源的勘探提供技術(shù)支持。具體研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面：簡述了自動導(dǎo)向鉆具課題的來源與背景、研究意義,國內(nèi)、外在自動導(dǎo)向鉆具研發(fā)方面的最新進(jìn)展和鉆柱動力學(xué)研究現(xiàn)狀,探討了白動導(dǎo)向鉆具今后的發(fā)展趨勢。通過鉆柱動力學(xué)理論分析方法的比選,得出采用能量法對帶有自動導(dǎo)向功能鉆柱動力學(xué)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析是可行的,提出了自動導(dǎo)向鉆具動力學(xué)分析的主要技術(shù)路徑。自動垂鉆系統(tǒng)為自動導(dǎo)向鉆具其中一種特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,這種系統(tǒng)的工作原理與靜態(tài)推靠式自動導(dǎo)向鉆具的工作原理是一致的,借鑒對現(xiàn)有垂鉆系統(tǒng)的研究能滿足本課題部分研究需要。闡述了偏置機構(gòu)的工作原理及工作要求,分析了偏置機構(gòu)的核心部件的設(shè)計要求。通過兩種控制方案的對比,得出了采用偏置合矢力控制方案存在“控制死區(qū)”；一般遵循最小能量原則和就近原則,采用偏置合位移的控制方案為最優(yōu),并給出了導(dǎo)向工具控制算法框圖。利用Solid Works三維分析軟件對偏置機構(gòu)設(shè)計做出輔助分析,通過對偏置機構(gòu)的整體裝配分析,明確了各元部件之間的兒何關(guān)系和拓?fù)潢P(guān)系,為自動導(dǎo)向鉆具的研發(fā)提供了一個合理有效的設(shè)計手段。利用縱橫彎曲連續(xù)梁法,構(gòu)建起自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA導(dǎo)向力學(xué)分析模型。分析了自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA力學(xué)理論,包括把三維分析分解為兩個二維問題、井斜平而P上的力學(xué)以及方位平面Q上的力學(xué)分析等內(nèi)容,得出自動導(dǎo)向鉆具鉆頭處的導(dǎo)向力與鉆頭處的井斜角、鉆壓,井眼曲率,穩(wěn)定器的位置、數(shù)量與規(guī)格等因素有關(guān)。應(yīng)用ADAMS軟件比較直觀地研究了在偏置力作用下的運動狀態(tài)。經(jīng)過不斷摸索和完善,該方法將為自動導(dǎo)向鉆具選擇鉆井參數(shù)合理的選擇、提高鉆桿運行行的可靠性以及設(shè)計鉆桿的防磨裝置等方面提供相關(guān)理論依據(jù)。在分析自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA動力學(xué)規(guī)律的過程中,分別闡述了自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA軸向、橫向、扭轉(zhuǎn)及其相互之間的耦合振動規(guī)律。由于在鉆進(jìn)過程中,自動導(dǎo)向鉆具是耦合了軸向、橫向、扭轉(zhuǎn)三種振動狀態(tài),同時鉆具還受到偏置機構(gòu)集中導(dǎo)向力的作用,應(yīng)用哈密頓(Hamilton)原理對其進(jìn)行動力學(xué)分析能比較準(zhǔn)確、真實反映實際動力學(xué)關(guān)系。該模型說明了旋轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)在偏置構(gòu)件作用下產(chǎn)生的振動具有全耦合性,即每種振動形式之間存在著相互影響、相互作用。利用ANSYS有限元分析軟件,模擬出不同鉆壓、轉(zhuǎn)速及偏置力情況下,自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA振動特性。其中包括了ANSYS相關(guān)模型的建立、主要假設(shè)、相關(guān)參量、定義材料屬性和建立鉆柱模型等。利用該軟件逐次分析了在偏置力作用下軸向振動、橫向振動、扭轉(zhuǎn)振動以及耦合振動問題。同時,分析了不同轉(zhuǎn)速及鉆壓情況下,偏置機構(gòu)動態(tài)應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變分布狀況,離鉆頭2.55m、1.8m、1.5m和0.15m,這四處為偏置機構(gòu)在運動過程中振動的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。最后,設(shè)計了自動導(dǎo)向鉆具BHA室內(nèi)實驗方案,通過試驗證明了仿真試驗結(jié)果的正確性。所得的結(jié)果可以為自動導(dǎo)向鉆具結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供可靠依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:An automatic guide drill refers to a drill tool that synchronously realizes the automatic guiding function in the process of drilling and drilling in the process of rotary drilling. Since the drilling tool can detect the obliquely and real-time deviation of the hole in real time, drilling can be drilled along the pre designed trajectory when drilling, and has small drilling friction resistance and torsion resistance, high speed and well trajectory. It is considered to be the mainstream development trend of the contemporary guided drilling. However, this key technology has not been fully grasps at home. This paper is based on the research of the key technology of "electromagnetic wave drilling telemetering automatic vertical drilling system" in the previous national "863" exploration oriented project. The work state is studied. Through the simulation analysis and experimental simulation, the real time dynamic deformation and stress of the drilling tools under the conditions of different drilling pressure, speed and bias force are studied. And the problem of vibration is the most core problem. This study aims at developing an automatic steering drilling tool system suitable for the national conditions of our country. The exploration of the deep resources of the country provides technical support. The specific research contents include the following aspects: the origin and background of the automatic steering drilling tools, the significance of the research, the latest progress in the research and development of the internal and external automatic guided drilling tools and the current research status of the drill string dynamics are discussed, and the future development trend of the white moving drilling tools is discussed. The comparison and selection of the theoretical analysis method of drill string dynamics shows that it is feasible to use the energy method to analyze the dynamic system of the drill string with automatic guide function. The main technical path of the dynamic analysis of the automatic guide drill is put forward. The automatic drilled system is a special structure form of the automatic steering tool, and the original work of this system is the original. The working principle of the automatic and static steering drilling tool is consistent. The study of the existing vertical drilling system can meet the needs of the research in this subject. The working principle and work requirements of the bias mechanism are expounded. The design requirements of the core components of the bias mechanism are analyzed. The bias of the two control schemes is obtained, and the bias is obtained. The combined vector control scheme has "control dead zone"; generally following the minimum energy principle and the near principle, the control scheme of offset displacement is adopted as the best, and the flow chart of the steering tool control algorithm is given. The auxiliary analysis of the bias mechanism design is made by using the Solid Works three-dimensional analysis software, and the overall assembly points of the biasing mechanism are divided. In order to provide a reasonable and effective design method for the research and development of automatic steering drilling tools, this paper provides a reasonable and effective design method for the research and development of automatic steering drilling tools. Using the longitudinal and horizontal bending continuous beam method, the BHA oriented mechanical analysis model of the automatic steering drilling tool is constructed. The BHA mechanics theory of the automatic steering drilling tool is analyzed, including the decomposition of the three-dimensional analysis to two A two-dimensional problem, well oblique leveling, mechanics on P and mechanical analysis on the azimuth plane Q, it is concluded that the guiding force at the drill bit at the drill bit is related to the angle of the well at the bit, the drilling pressure, the borehole curvature, the position of the stabilizer, the quantity and the specifications. The motion of the ADAMS soft parts is compared intuitively to the motion under the action of the bias force. After continuous exploration and improvement, this method will provide the relevant theoretical basis for selecting the drilling parameters reasonably, improving the reliability of the drilling rod running line and designing the drill rod's anti grinding device. In the process of analyzing the dynamic law of the automatic steering tool BHA, the BHA shaft of the automatic steering drill tool is expounded. The coupling vibration law of direction, transverse, torsion and each other, because in the process of drilling, the automatic steering tool is coupled with three kinds of vibration states, axial, transverse and torsional. At the same time, the drilling tool is also affected by the centralized guidance force of the biasing mechanism. The dynamic analysis of the drilling tool with Hamilton can be more accurate and true. The model shows that the vibration produced by the rotating mechanism under the action of the bias component is fully coupled, that is, the interaction and interaction between each type of vibration form. Using the ANSYS finite element analysis software, the vibration characteristics of the automatic steering tool BHA are simulated under different drilling pressure, rotating speed and bias force. The ANSYS correlation model is established, the main hypothesis, the related parameters, the definition of material properties and the establishment of a drill string model. The software is used to analyze the axial vibration, lateral vibration, torsional vibration and coupled vibration under the action of the bias force. At the same time, the dynamic stress and strain distribution of the biasing mechanism are analyzed under different speeds and drills. The situation, away from the bit 2.55m, 1.8m, 1.5m and 0.15m, is the weak link of the vibration of the biasing mechanism during the movement. Finally, the experimental scheme of the automatic steering drill BHA laboratory is designed, and the correctness of the simulation test results is proved by the test. The results can provide a reliable basis for the optimization design of the structure of the automatic steering gear.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P634.4

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本文編號：2099357