發(fā)布時間：2018-07-03 12:55

  本文選題：太湖西部平原 + 駱駝墩�。� 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：全新世以來,人類文明進(jìn)入了大發(fā)展時期,文化發(fā)展的同時伴隨著人地關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變,人類逐漸適應(yīng)和改造著周圍環(huán)境。太湖地區(qū)是我國重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中心,在這里孕育發(fā)展了燦爛的史前文明,而太湖西部平原的自然環(huán)境演變過程重建以及考古發(fā)掘工作較為匱乏。本文選擇太湖西部平原駱駝墩遺址旁的自然鉆孔LTD-12,進(jìn)行了AMS14C測年、有機(jī)碳同位素、粒度、磁化率、元素等環(huán)境代用指標(biāo)分析,揭示了太湖西部平原全新世以來古氣候、古環(huán)境的記錄；同時對比太湖東西部以及大尺度的氣候資料,并結(jié)合區(qū)域環(huán)境重建、考古發(fā)掘資料,探討太湖西部地區(qū)氣候演變過程以及其對文明發(fā)展的影響,為現(xiàn)代自然資源和社會、文化發(fā)展之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系提供基礎(chǔ)理論依據(jù)。1)駱駝墩自然鉆孔的各指標(biāo)分析結(jié)果顯示,駱駝墩地區(qū)環(huán)境演變過程可以分為以下四個階段：13.0～9.11(a BP,水動力較弱,元素含量和磁化率值均一,物源穩(wěn)定,為沼澤相沉積；溫涼偏干的氣候使得有機(jī)碳同位素值相對偏正。9.1～6.7 ka BP,粒度、磁化率和元素結(jié)果表明水動力明顯增大,為湖泊沉積；有機(jī)碳同位素在本階段明顯偏負(fù),常綠櫟、落葉櫟含量增加,氣候溫暖濕潤。6.7～3.0 ka BP,水動力較前帶顯著降低,有機(jī)碳同位素相對前帶偏正,暖濕氣候特征的花粉含量有所降低,氣候溫涼偏干。3.0ka以來,粘土含量明顯增加,沉積動力進(jìn)一步減弱,為沼澤相沉積；有機(jī)碳同位素逐漸偏正,常綠櫟、落葉櫟、濕生草本的含量明顯減少,氣候涼干；蕨類孢子和十字花科孢粉的含量升高,可能與人類活動有關(guān)。2)太湖西部平原全新世以來的氣候變化與太湖東部古氣候研究結(jié)果較為一致,均表現(xiàn)為早全新世溫涼偏干,早中全新世氣候逐漸轉(zhuǎn)為暖濕,大暖期后氣候向涼干轉(zhuǎn)變。因此,同受季風(fēng)控制的太湖地區(qū)氣候變化具有區(qū)域性。太陽輻射和東亞夏季風(fēng)的變化是太湖地區(qū)氣候變化的主要驅(qū)動因素。3)駱駝墩地區(qū)的泥炭層為馬家浜文化時期的稻作農(nóng)業(yè)提供了條件,加之暖濕的氣候條件,先民在此定居并發(fā)展了以平底釜為主的獨(dú)特的駱駝墩—吳家埠文化類型。而在馬家浜文化晚期,受北陰陽營文化的沖擊影響,太湖流域東西并立的文化格局逐漸被打破,至崧澤文化時期形成了較統(tǒng)一的文化類型,駱駝墩地區(qū)文化仍受到太湖流域文化的影響,但已經(jīng)逐漸失去了文化中心的地位。良渚文化時期,涼千的氣候加之海平面的下降,從而導(dǎo)致陸地面積增加,為先民的生存發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了條件,太湖流域的文化中心逐漸由北向東南遷移。
[Abstract]:Since the Holocene, human civilization has entered a period of great development. With the development of culture and the transformation of the relationship between man and land, human beings gradually adapt to and transform the surrounding environment. Taihu Lake region is an important economic development center of our country, where the splendid prehistoric civilization has been conceived and developed, while the natural environment evolution process reconstruction and archaeological excavation work in the western plain of Taihu Lake are relatively scarce. In this paper, the natural borehole LTD-12 near Camel Pier site in the western plain of Taihu Lake is selected, and the environmental proxy indexes such as AMS 14C dating, organic carbon isotope, particle size, magnetic susceptibility and elements are analyzed. The paleoclimate of the western plain of Taihu Lake has been revealed since Holocene. Records of paleoenvironment, comparison of climate data on the eastern and western parts of Taihu Lake and large-scale climatic data, combined with regional environmental reconstruction and archaeological excavations, to explore the process of climatic evolution and its impact on the development of civilization in the western part of Taihu Lake. To provide the basic theoretical basis for the correlation between modern natural resources and social and cultural development. 1) the results of the analysis of the indicators of the natural drilling of camel piers show that, The environmental evolution process in Camel Pier area can be divided into four stages: 1. 13.0 ~ 9.11 (a BP), weak hydrodynamic, uniform element content and magnetic susceptibility, stable provenance, and swamp facies deposition. The organic carbon isotope value is relatively positive at 6.7 ka BP, particle size, magnetic susceptibility and element results show that the hydrodynamic force is obviously increased, and the organic carbon isotope is obviously negative in this stage. The content of deciduous oak increased, and the climate was warm and humid, and the hydrodynamic force was significantly lower than that of the front zone, the organic carbon isotope was more positive than that of the front zone, the pollen content of warm and wet climate was decreased, and the climate was dry and warm since 3.0ka. The content of clay increased obviously, and the sedimentation power weakened further, and the organic carbon isotope gradually became more and more positive, the contents of evergreen oak, deciduous oak and wet herbs decreased obviously, and the climate was cool and dry. The increase of pteridophyte spores and sporopollen content in cruciferous family may be related to human activities. 2) the climatic changes since Holocene in the western plain of Taihu Lake are consistent with the paleoclimate results in the eastern part of Taihu Lake, showing that the early Holocene is warm and cool. The early and middle Holocene climate gradually turned to warm and wet, and after the great warm period, the climate changed to cool and dry. Therefore, climate change in Taihu Lake area controlled by monsoon is regional. The variation of solar radiation and East Asian summer monsoon is the main driving factor of climate change in Taihu Lake area. 3) Peat beds in Camel Pier area provide conditions for rice farming during the Majiabang culture period, coupled with warm and wet climate conditions. The ancestors settled here and developed a unique Camel Dun-Wu Jiabu culture type with flat-bottomed kettle. In the late period of Majiabang culture, under the impact of the North Yin and Yang Ying culture, the cultural pattern of the Taihu Lake basin was gradually broken, and a more unified cultural type was formed in the period of Song Ze culture. The culture of Camel Dun area is still influenced by the culture of Taihu Lake Basin, but it has gradually lost its status as a cultural center. During the period of Liangzhu Culture, the cool climate and the decrease of sea level resulted in the increase of land area, which created the conditions for the survival and development of the ancestors. The cultural center of Taihu Lake Basin gradually migrated from north to southeast.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P534.632

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 黃翡,王偉銘,李民昌;蘇州草鞋山遺址新石器時代以來的植硅石研究[J];微體古生物學(xué)報;1998年01期

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本文編號：2093723