本文選題：頁巖氣儲層 + 牛蹄塘組�。� 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展,各國對能源的需求不斷攀升。頁巖氣作為一種分布廣泛的新型清潔能源,它的開發(fā)受到了各國的重視。當(dāng)前,頁巖氣的主要開采方式是對頁巖氣儲層進行壓裂增產(chǎn)改造;而頁巖氣儲層的物理力學(xué)特性對增產(chǎn)改造有著重要影響,儲層的脆性評價又是其可壓裂性評價的重要內(nèi)容之一,因此開展對頁巖氣儲層的物理力學(xué)特性研究和脆性評價對頁巖儲層的可壓裂性評價及我國頁巖氣開發(fā)技術(shù)瓶頸的突破具有重要理論價值和實踐意義。本文以湘西北某地區(qū)寒武系牛蹄塘組的頁巖為研究對象,通過調(diào)研地質(zhì)資料、踏勘現(xiàn)場了解了頁巖儲層所在地區(qū)的基本地層特征;通過稱量法測得并分析了頁巖在干燥、自然和飽和狀態(tài)下的密度、含水率等基本物理特征;利用X粉末衍射儀進行X衍射實驗,分析了頁巖儲層的礦物組分;利用掃描電鏡觀察和分析了頁巖的礦物晶體相貌和孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)特征;利用RYL-600剪切流變儀和RMT-150B巖石力學(xué)試驗機對巖樣開展了單軸壓縮、三軸壓縮和劈裂試驗,獲得并分析了頁巖在單軸壓縮條件下不同含水狀態(tài)時的強度與變形特征、在三軸壓縮條件下(圍壓分別為10MPa、25MPa和40MPa)的強度與變形特征以及在劈裂條件下的強度與變形特征;在調(diào)研分析國內(nèi)外巖石脆性評價方法的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合本文實驗所得數(shù)據(jù)運用不同脆性指數(shù)對頁巖儲層進行了脆性評價,并對評價結(jié)果進行了對比分析。研究結(jié)果表明本文頁巖儲層:(1)結(jié)構(gòu)致密,天然含水率低且飽和含水率低于1%;脆性礦物含量較高,粘土礦物含量相對較低;微孔隙及微裂縫較為發(fā)育。(2)單軸抗壓強度平均為102.54MPa,楊氏模量平均為27.85GPa,泊松比平均為0.23;隨著含水率的增加,單軸壓縮強度降低,泊松比提高;單軸壓縮破壞時的應(yīng)變?yōu)?.32%~0.74%,頁巖在達到峰值強度后迅速炸裂破壞。隨著圍壓的增加,頁巖的抗壓強度增加,楊氏模量也增加;三軸壓縮條件下的破壞模式主要有單剪切破壞與劈裂破壞,破壞后殘余強度與峰值強度比值低。劈裂時抗拉強度平均為11.07MPa,頁巖達到峰值強度后迅速破壞,無殘余強度。(3)不同脆性評價方法得出的評價結(jié)果不一致,綜合對比分析后得:湘西北牛蹄塘組頁巖脆性良好,適合壓裂增產(chǎn)改造。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy, the demand for energy is rising. Shale gas is widely distributed as a new clean energy, its development has been paid attention to. At present, the main way of producing shale gas is fracturing and improving shale gas reservoir, and the physical and mechanical characteristics of shale gas reservoir have an important influence on the production increase and transformation. The evaluation of reservoir brittleness is one of the important contents of fracturing evaluation. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the physical and mechanical properties of shale gas reservoir and evaluate its brittleness for the fracturing evaluation of shale reservoir and the breakthrough of technical bottleneck of shale gas development in China. In this paper, the shale of Cambrian Niutetang formation in a certain area of northwest Hunan Province is taken as the research object, the basic stratigraphic characteristics of the area where the shale reservoir is located are understood on the spot by investigation and geological data, and the dryness of the shale is obtained and analyzed by the weighing method. The basic physical characteristics of natural and saturated state, such as density, water cut and so on, are analyzed by X powder diffractometer, and the mineral components of shale reservoir are analyzed by X powder diffractometer. The mineral crystal appearance and pore structure characteristics of shale were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope, uniaxial compression, triaxial compression and splitting tests were carried out by RYL-600 shear rheometer and RMT-150B rock mechanics tester. The strength and deformation characteristics of shale under uniaxial compression are obtained and analyzed. The strength and deformation characteristics of shale under triaxial compression (10 MPA and 40 MPA, respectively) and under splitting condition are obtained and analyzed. On the basis of investigation and analysis of rock brittleness evaluation methods at home and abroad, different brittleness indices are used to evaluate shale reservoir brittleness in combination with the experimental data in this paper, and the evaluation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that the shale reservoirs in this paper are: (1) the structure is compact, the natural water content is low and the saturated water content is lower than 1%, the brittle mineral content is high, the clay mineral content is relatively low; The average uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are 102.54 MPA, 27.85 GPA and 0.23 respectively, and the uniaxial compressive strength decreases and Poisson's ratio increases with the increase of moisture content. The strain of uniaxial compression failure is 0.32 and 0.74, and the shale burst quickly after reaching the peak strength. With the increase of confining pressure, the compressive strength and Young's modulus of shale increase, and the failure mode under triaxial compression mainly includes single shear failure and split failure, and the ratio of residual strength to peak strength is low. The average tensile strength during splitting is 11.07 MPA, and the shale is destroyed rapidly after reaching the peak strength without residual strength. (3) the evaluation results obtained by different brittleness evaluation methods are not consistent. The comprehensive comparative analysis shows that the shale brittleness of Niutetang formation in northwest Hunan is good. It is suitable for fracturing and increasing production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

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本文編號：2093193