本文選題：遼吉裂谷 + 龍崗地塊　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：三維地質(zhì)調(diào)查或三維地質(zhì)填圖作為一項綜合性、前沿性的區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作,旨在借助地表地質(zhì)填圖、綜合地球物理測深、鉆探、三維可視化等技術(shù)和手段,研究地質(zhì)體在三維空間上的展布特點及其相互關(guān)系,揭示深部地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)、深部地質(zhì)作用對礦產(chǎn)分布、地質(zhì)環(huán)境等的制約關(guān)系,為解決重大地質(zhì)問題、深部礦產(chǎn)預(yù)測、重大地質(zhì)災(zāi)害預(yù)測、地下工程的地基穩(wěn)定性評價等提供依據(jù)。三維地質(zhì)建模技術(shù)作為三維地質(zhì)調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)和核心問題,已經(jīng)成為國內(nèi)外地質(zhì)、礦業(yè)等領(lǐng)域研究的熱點。研究區(qū)位于遼寧省東部的丹東市北部地區(qū),處于華北克拉通東部陸塊北部的古元古代構(gòu)造帶-遼吉裂谷中,是我國前寒武紀(jì)地質(zhì)研究較為典型的地區(qū),同時也是遼東-吉南成礦帶重要的成礦單元。遼吉裂谷帶內(nèi)分布有厚度達(dá)萬米的古元古代遼河群和裂谷不同演化階段的巖漿巖,該帶內(nèi)礦產(chǎn)資源較為豐富,主要礦產(chǎn)為金、銀、鉛、鋅、菱鎂礦、滑石、硼、鈷、銅、鐵等,這些不同類型的礦床在遼河群的分布呈現(xiàn)一定的層控性,硼礦主要賦存在里爾峪組中,石墨礦產(chǎn)于高家峪組中,而菱鎂礦、鉛鋅礦、金銀礦則主要賦存在大石橋組中。前人針對包括研究區(qū)在內(nèi)的遼東地區(qū)的華北克拉通形成與演化、膠-遼-吉古元古代活動帶的構(gòu)造屬性、古元古代沉積建造的劃分與對比、遼河群主要類型礦床的形成機(jī)理及深部找礦潛力、中生代構(gòu)造巖漿活動與成礦等重大地質(zhì)及找礦等問題,通過地質(zhì)、地球化學(xué)、同位素年代學(xué)、地球物理等方法開展了大量的研究工作,并積累了大量的基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)資料和找礦成果。但這些研究成果主要基于地表地質(zhì)調(diào)查工作,一些重大地質(zhì)理論問題如遼吉裂谷帶的構(gòu)造屬性及演化、古元古代花崗巖的成因、遼河群的形成及演化、鳳城青城子礦集區(qū)鉛、鋅、金、銀礦、翁泉溝等地的硼礦的成因等研究目前仍然爭論較大,同時,遼吉裂谷帶深部結(jié)構(gòu)特征、基底性質(zhì)及其組成等三維尺度的地質(zhì)地球物理等綜合研究較少,從某種程度上也制約了人們對研究區(qū)一些重大地質(zhì)和成礦問題的認(rèn)識。論文中國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局下達(dá)的“本溪-臨江地區(qū)深部地質(zhì)調(diào)查”項目為依托,以1∶25萬丹東幅區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查資料和1∶20萬區(qū)域地球物理資料為基礎(chǔ),通過對六條實測的高精度重力、高精度地面磁法、大地電磁測深等非震地球物理剖面資料處理與解釋,采用重磁資料延拓、重磁剖面聯(lián)合反演、三維密度反演等技術(shù)方法,揭示了研究區(qū)的主要地質(zhì)界面、斷裂構(gòu)造、中生代盆地、侵入巖體等深部地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)特征,加深了對研究區(qū)深部地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)識;采用多級剖面控制、分單元的三維地質(zhì)建模方法,基于Go CAD三維建模軟件,初步構(gòu)建了研究區(qū)主要地質(zhì)單元的三維地質(zhì)模型,為了解該區(qū)的主要目標(biāo)地質(zhì)體-遼河群等的空間展布特征、遼吉活動帶的基底性質(zhì)及其可能組成,揭示區(qū)域地質(zhì)構(gòu)造背景、深部地質(zhì)過程與成礦作用的耦合關(guān)系,在三維尺度上為遼吉活動帶的構(gòu)造環(huán)境及演化等重大地質(zhì)問題解決和深部礦產(chǎn)資源潛力預(yù)測等提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。論文獲得的主要成果和認(rèn)識如下:1、確定了龍崗地塊與遼吉裂谷的構(gòu)造分界線,該分界線位于雙塔嶺-三道嶺-連山關(guān)一線,為一條具有正斷層性質(zhì)的斷裂帶,該斷裂帶對研究區(qū)的巖漿活動、沉積作用、礦產(chǎn)資源分布具有重要的控制作用,也進(jìn)一步證明了遼吉構(gòu)造帶具有裂谷性質(zhì)。2、遼吉花崗巖具有低密度、磁性弱的特點,遼吉花崗巖、遼河群的微量元素、稀土元素配分模式與太古宙地質(zhì)體較為相似,結(jié)合遼吉花崗巖、遼河群中碎屑鋯石記錄的多期太古宙地質(zhì)作用的年齡信息,得出遼吉花崗巖、遼河群的源區(qū)主要為太古宙結(jié)晶基底。3、遼吉裂谷是在太古宙結(jié)晶基底的基礎(chǔ)上形成的,其基底組成在不同的構(gòu)造部位則不盡相同,在研究區(qū)的北部地區(qū)主要由晚太古代深成侵入體及小規(guī)模表殼巖組成,而在中部地區(qū)主要由遼吉花崗巖組成。4、中生代小型火山沉積盆地主要沿NE向斷裂構(gòu)造發(fā)育,控盆邊界斷裂具有正斷層性質(zhì),是由中生代走滑拉伸作用形成的,盆地邊界后期遭受擠壓改造。5、確定了主要中生代侵入巖體的深部地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)與三維幾何形態(tài)。發(fā)現(xiàn)在青城子鎮(zhèn)-通遠(yuǎn)堡鎮(zhèn)、岫巖地區(qū)的深部存在著對成礦有重要影響的中生代隱伏巖體,而遼河群之下存在中生代隱伏花崗侵入巖體的地段為有利的成礦地段,主要包括岫巖地區(qū)的韓家?guī)X巖體及青城子地區(qū)的雙頂溝巖體的隱伏區(qū)。6、構(gòu)建了重點地區(qū)的三維地質(zhì)模型,實現(xiàn)了丹東地區(qū)遼吉裂谷5km以淺深度范圍的地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)透明化,以三維可視化的形式展示了遼河群主要地質(zhì)界面、主要斷裂、主要侵入巖體、中生代盆地的三維幾何特征,并對隆昌-通遠(yuǎn)堡-草河口及岫巖重點區(qū)的三維地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)解釋。上述研究成果為遼吉裂谷帶構(gòu)造屬性及演化、深部礦產(chǎn)遠(yuǎn)景預(yù)測等重大地質(zhì)理論問題的解決提供了新的證據(jù),同時,論文中所采用的三維地質(zhì)調(diào)查流程、深部地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)研究方法和三維地質(zhì)建模方法將為其他的相關(guān)研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Three dimensional geological survey or three-dimensional geological mapping, as a comprehensive, frontier regional geological survey, aims to study the distribution characteristics and relations of geological bodies in three-dimensional space by means of surface geological mapping, comprehensive geophysical sounding, drilling, and three-dimensional visualization, to reveal the deep geological structure and deep geology. The restrictive relation between the mineral distribution and the geological environment is provided for the solution of major geological problems, the prediction of the deep mineral resources, the prediction of the major geological disasters and the evaluation of the foundation stability of the underground engineering. As the foundation and core of the three-dimensional geological survey, the 3D geological modeling technology has become a research field in the geology and mining industry at home and abroad. The research area, located in the northern part of Dandong City, east of Liaoning Province, is located in the Paleoproterozoic tectonic belt of the northern part of the eastern North China Craton - Liaoji rift valley. It is a typical area in the study of the Precambrian Geology in China, and is also an important metallogenic unit in the Liaodong - Zilan metallogenic belt. The Palaeoproterozoic Liaohe Group and the magmatic rocks of different evolution stages of the rift valley are rich in mineral resources. The main minerals are gold, silver, lead, zinc, magnesite, talcum, boron, cobalt, copper and iron. The distribution of these different types of deposits in the Liaohe Group is a certain layer control, and the main boron deposits are in the Lille Valley, and the graphite mineral is in the Guyu valley. The formation and evolution of the North China Craton in Liaodong area, including the study area, the formation and evolution of the North China Craton in the area of the study area, the tectonic attributes of the Proterozoic and Paleoproterozoic sedimentary formations, the division and comparison of the Paleoproterozoic sedimentary formations, the formation mechanism and the deep part of the main types of the Liaohe Group are found in the formation and evolution of the Dashiqiao craton in the Liaodong area, including the study area. The potential of ore prospecting, Mesozoic tectonic magmatism and mineralization and other major geological and prospecting problems have been carried out in a large amount of research through geology, geochemistry, isotopic chronology and Geophysics, and a large amount of basic geological data and prospecting results have been accumulated, but some of these research results are mainly based on the surface geological survey. Major geological theories, such as the tectonic properties and evolution of the Liaoji Rift Valley, the formation and evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic granites, the formation and evolution of the Liaohe Group, the genesis of boron deposits in the lead, zinc, gold, silver and Weng Quan gullies in the Qingcheng Zenzi mining area, Fengcheng, are still controversial, and the deep structural features, basement properties and their groups in the Liaoji rift zone are in the same time. The comprehensive study of geophysical and Geophysics, such as the three dimensional scale, has limited people's understanding of some major geological and metallogenic problems in the study area. This paper is supported by the project of "Benxi - Linjiang deep geological survey" by the China Geological Survey Bureau, with the 1: 250 thousand Dandong regional geological survey data and 1: 200 thousand on the basis of regional geophysical data, by processing and interpreting the non earthquake geophysical profile data of six measured high precision gravity, high precision ground magnetic method and magnetotelluric sounding, the main geological interface and fracture of the study area are revealed by the techniques of gravity and magnetic data extension, joint inversion of gravity and magnetic profiles and three-dimensional density inversion. The structure, Mesozoic basin, intrusion of rock mass and other deep geological structures have deepened the understanding of the deep geological structure of the study area, and the three dimensional geological modeling method based on the multilevel section control and the division of the unit, based on the Go CAD 3D modeling software, initially constructed the three-dimensional geological model of the main geological unit in the study area, in order to understand the main target of this area. The spatial distribution characteristics of the geological body and the Liaohe Group, the basement properties of the Liaoji active belt and its possible composition, reveal the regional geological structure background, the coupling relationship between the deep geological process and the mineralization, and the solution of the tectonic environment and evolution of the Liaoji active belt and the prediction of the potential of the deep mineral resources on the three-dimensional scale. The main achievements and understanding of the paper are as follows: 1, the boundary between the Longgang massif and the Liaoji Rift Valley is determined. The boundary line is located in the Ling - three Dao Ling - Lianshan Guan line of the Twin Towers. It is a fault zone with normal fault properties. The fault zone is important to the rock slurry activity, sedimentation and mineral resources distribution in the study area. The control effect has further proved that the Liaoji tectonic belt has the Rift Valley Property.2, the Liaoji granite is characterized by low density and weak magnetism, the trace elements of Liaoji granite and Liaohe Group, the distribution pattern of the rare earth elements are similar to the Archean geological bodies, and the Liaoji granites are combined with the Liaoji granites, and the detrital zircons recorded in the Liaohe Group are mostly Archean geology. The source area of Liaoji granite is obtained by age information. The source area of Liaohe Group is mainly the Archean crystalline basement.3, and the Liaoji Rift Valley is formed on the basis of the Archean crystalline basement. The basement of the Liaoji rift is not the same in different tectonic sites. In the northern area of the study area, it is mainly composed of late Archean deep formation intrusive body and small scale case rock. The central region is mainly composed of Liaoji granite.4, the Mesozoic small volcanic sedimentary basin mainly develops along the NE fault structure, the basin boundary fault has the nature of normal fault, it is formed by the Mesozoic strike slip stretching effect, and the late boundary of the basin has been squeezed and transformed by.5, and the deep geological structure of the main Mesozoic intrusive rocks is determined. It is found that in the deep part of Xiuyan area in Qingcheng Town, Tong Yuan Town, there is a Mesozoic concealed rock mass which has an important influence on the mineralization, while the area of the Mesozoic concealed granite intrusion under the Liaohe Group is a favorable metallogenic area, mainly including the Han Jialing rock in Xiuyan and the double trench rock in the Qingcheng area. The hidden area.6 of the body has constructed the three-dimensional geological model of the key area, and realized the transparency of the geological structure of the Liaoji Rift Valley in Dandong area with the shallow depth range, showing the main geological interfaces of the Liaohe Group in the form of three-dimensional visualization, the main fracture, the main intrusion of rock mass, the three-dimensional geometric features of the Mesozoic basin, and the Longchang Tong Yuan fort - grass The three dimensional geological characteristics of the key areas of the estuarine and Xiuyan are explained in detail. The above results provide new evidence for the structural properties and evolution of the Liaoji Rift Valley, the prediction of the deep mineral distance prediction and other major geological theory problems. At the same time, the three-dimensional geological survey process, the deep geological structure research method and the three-dimensional method used in the paper are used. The method of geological modeling will provide reference for other related research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P548

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