本文選題：磁法勘探 + 梯度張量��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：磁梯度張量方法是磁法勘探的重要發(fā)展方向,磁梯度張量是利用磁場在各個方向上的分量的導(dǎo)數(shù)來進(jìn)行勘探解釋的一種方法。隨著超導(dǎo)磁力儀以及多磁通門測量裝置的發(fā)展,直接測量磁梯度張量成為可能,而磁梯度張量相比于普通的磁法勘探來說,可以提供更多的信息。此外磁梯度張量也存在著更多的優(yōu)點(diǎn),它本身是一個位場,具備對稱性與無源性,可以利用延拓等位場處理中常見的方法對磁梯度張量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,而且受到地磁場方向的影響相對較小。梯度張量測量能提高磁法測量的可解釋性,尤其是異常形態(tài)被剩磁或者低緯度磁化扭曲的地區(qū)。磁梯度張量的反演,相較于傳統(tǒng)磁異常反演來說,能夠又更好的分辨率,而且磁梯度張量具有多個分量,當(dāng)我們觀測出這些分量之后,可以利用加權(quán)的方式改造目標(biāo)函數(shù),進(jìn)行聯(lián)合反演。聯(lián)合反演理論上包含了更多的信息,因此也會對異常體的構(gòu)造、形態(tài)、位置等因素有著更好的刻畫。在進(jìn)行了磁梯度張量的網(wǎng)格單元正演擬合之后,采用適當(dāng)?shù)姆囱莘椒ㄟM(jìn)行反演,就可以得到地下空間內(nèi)的異常分布狀況。這里我們采用的反演方法是預(yù)條件共軛梯度法,預(yù)條件共軛梯度法和一般的共軛梯度法相比,可以提高反演的穩(wěn)定性,提高運(yùn)算的迭代效率,是目前地球物理位場反演所采用的主要算法之一。此外我們根據(jù)磁梯度張量的性質(zhì),加入了多種約束因子,主要包括深度約束因子,稀疏約束因子等,進(jìn)一步提高的反演的穩(wěn)定性與分辨率。磁梯度張量具有九個分量,其中有五個獨(dú)立分量,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)我們發(fā)現(xiàn),每個分量的單獨(dú)反演均可以起到一定的效果,但因?yàn)楦鱾�分量的核函數(shù)有所差異,反演效果各異,也不利于地質(zhì)解釋工作。將多個分量聯(lián)合反演之后,得到的效果更加理想,組合模型上對深部異常也有著更高的分辨率。這些結(jié)果也證明了反演的有效性。由于條件有限,論文亦存在很多不足,并在文章最后提出了結(jié)論與建議,希望能夠?qū)^續(xù)從事這一方面工作的人有所啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Magnetic gradient Zhang Liang method is an important development direction of magnetic exploration. Magnetic gradient Zhang Liang is a method to interpret exploration by using the derivative of magnetic field components in each direction. With the development of superconducting magnetometers and multi-flux gate measuring devices, it is possible to measure magnetic gradient Zhang Liang directly, and magnetic gradient Zhang Liang can provide more information than conventional magnetic exploration. In addition, magnetic gradient Zhang Liang has many advantages. It is a potential field, which has symmetry and passivity. It can be used to process the magnetic gradient Zhang Liang data by using the common methods of continuation allelic field processing. Moreover, it is less affected by the direction of geomagnetic field. Gradient Zhang Liang measurements can improve the interpretability of magnetic measurements, especially in areas where anomalous forms are distorted by remanence or magnetization at low latitudes. The inversion of magnetic gradient Zhang Liang has better resolution than traditional magnetic anomaly inversion, and the magnetic gradient Zhang Liang has many components. When we observe these components, we can transform the objective function in a weighted way. Joint inversion is carried out. Joint inversion theory contains more information, so it also has a better description of the structure, shape, location and other factors of anomalous bodies. After the forward fitting of the grid element of the magnetic gradient Zhang Liang is carried out, the abnormal distribution in the underground space can be obtained by using the appropriate inversion method. The inversion method used here is the preconditioned conjugate gradient method, which can improve the stability of inversion and the iterative efficiency compared with the general conjugate gradient method. It is one of the main algorithms used in geophysical potential field inversion. In addition, according to the properties of magnetic gradient Zhang Liang, we add a variety of constraint factors, including depth constraint factor, sparse constraint factor and so on, to further improve the stability and resolution of the inversion. The magnetic gradient Zhang Liang has nine components, of which there are five independent components. Through experiments, we find that the individual inversion of each component can play a certain effect, but because of the different kernel function of each component, the inversion effect is different. Nor is it conducive to geological interpretation. The combined inversion results are more ideal and the combined model has higher resolution for deep anomalies. Because of the limited conditions, there are many shortcomings in the paper, and at the end of the article, the conclusion and suggestion are put forward, hoping to inspire the people who continue to work in this field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.2

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本文編號：2089738