本文選題：同步擠壓小波變換 + 參數(shù)設(shè)置　； 參考：《中國石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在地震信號分析和解釋領(lǐng)域,小波變換一直都是人們研究的重點與熱點,于是相繼出現(xiàn)了許多小波變換類的時頻分析方法,它們或是以小波為基礎(chǔ)進行深入的改進,或是聯(lián)合小波與其它方法的組合。從連續(xù)小波變換、三參數(shù)小波變換到S變換,甚至是廣義S變換,都是以小波變換為基礎(chǔ)而發(fā)展起來的,而且實際也證明了這些小波變換類的方法在對信號進行時頻分析時效果越來越好,分辨率越來越高。但為了滿足更高的要求,出現(xiàn)了一種聯(lián)合小波變換和重組的新方法—同步擠壓小波變換。本文主要從同步擠壓小波變換的原理出發(fā),研究了該算法所具有的相關(guān)性質(zhì),如穩(wěn)定性和可逆性等,通過模型分析了解到重構(gòu)誤差非常小。同時也研究了算法中的相關(guān)參數(shù)對時頻分析結(jié)果的影響,如小波母函數(shù)、小波母函數(shù)的參數(shù)選擇和小波閾值等。通過分析討論,了解到對地震信號進行分析時,一般選擇Morlet小波;而中心頻率越大,對瞬時頻率的識別能力越強;同時,合適的小波閾值能有效地抑制噪音的干擾。因此,對這些參數(shù)的合理設(shè)置,將大大地增強同步擠壓小波變換的應(yīng)用效果。最后,針對同步擠壓小波變換在分析瞬時頻率的變化率不為零的信號時存在的缺陷,研究了廣義同步擠壓小波變換,但由于算法中的參數(shù)是根據(jù)待分析信號的特征來確定的,故其應(yīng)用性不強。對模擬信號和實際信號分別采用連續(xù)小波變換、三參數(shù)小波變換、S變換和同步擠壓小波變換進行時頻分析,通過對比看出了同步擠壓小波變換的優(yōu)越性,即具有更高的時頻分辨率。本文最后研究了薄層的振幅響應(yīng)特征和頻率響應(yīng)特征,因這兩者分別是從時間域和頻率域來刻畫薄層反射信號的特征,而時頻分析技術(shù)正好同時利用了二者的性質(zhì),故將同步擠壓小波變換應(yīng)用于薄互層的瞬時譜分析中,通過對實際地震資料的分析,展現(xiàn)出了該算法的應(yīng)用效果。
[Abstract]:In the field of seismic signal analysis and interpretation, wavelet transform has always been the focus and focus of people, so there are many wavelet transform time-frequency analysis methods, which are further improved on the basis of wavelet. From continuous wavelet transform, three parameter wavelet transform to S transform, and even generalized S transform, it is based on wavelet transform. It is also proved that these wavelet transform methods are more and more effective and the resolution is higher and higher when the signal is analyzed in time and frequency. But in order to meet the higher requirements, a new method of joint wavelet transform and recombination, synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, has emerged. Based on the principle of synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, this paper studies the properties of the algorithm, such as stability and reversibility, and finds that the reconstruction error is very small. At the same time, the influence of related parameters on the results of time-frequency analysis, such as wavelet mother function, parameter selection of wavelet mother function and wavelet threshold, is also studied. Through analysis and discussion, it is found that Morlet wavelet is generally chosen for seismic signal analysis, and the larger the center frequency is, the stronger the recognition ability of instantaneous frequency is. At the same time, the appropriate wavelet threshold can effectively suppress the interference of noise. Therefore, the reasonable setting of these parameters will greatly enhance the application effect of synchronous extrusion wavelet transform. Finally, aiming at the defects of synchronous extrusion wavelet transform in analyzing the signal whose instantaneous frequency change rate is not zero, the generalized synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is studied. However, the parameters in the algorithm are determined according to the characteristics of the signal to be analyzed. Therefore, its application is not strong. Continuous wavelet transform, three-parameter wavelet transform and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform are used for time-frequency analysis of analog signal and actual signal, respectively. The advantages of synchronous extrusion wavelet transform are compared. That is, with a higher time-frequency resolution. In the end, the amplitude response and frequency response of thin layer are studied, because they are characterized by time domain and frequency domain, respectively, and time-frequency analysis technology takes advantage of the two properties at the same time. Therefore, the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is applied to the instantaneous spectrum analysis of thin interlayer, and the application effect of the algorithm is shown through the analysis of the actual seismic data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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