本文選題：川南地區(qū) + 構(gòu)造解釋��； 參考：《長江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：川南地區(qū)位于在四川盆地的東南部,夾持于華鎣山斷裂帶與齊岳山斷裂帶之間。該區(qū)東鄰川黔斷褶帶、西鄰川中隆起、北面與川東高陡隔檔式構(gòu)造帶相連,但構(gòu)造格局各不相同。作為四川盆地有利的頁巖氣富集帶,發(fā)育有上二疊統(tǒng)龍?zhí)督M黑色泥頁巖、下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖以及下寒武統(tǒng)筇竹寺組頁巖三套海相優(yōu)質(zhì)烴源巖,是涪陵焦石壩探區(qū)獲得重大突破后的重點接替區(qū)域。生烴是基礎(chǔ)、保存是關(guān)鍵,有了優(yōu)越的地質(zhì)條件,保存條件成為了川南地區(qū)頁巖氣勘探開發(fā)的決定因素。對保存條件的研究需要以構(gòu)造變形為先導(dǎo),通過分析構(gòu)造變形對儲層的改造,從而導(dǎo)致不同構(gòu)造保存條件的差異。因此開展川南地區(qū)構(gòu)造特征的研究對指導(dǎo)川南頁巖氣的勘探和目標(biāo)優(yōu)選有十分重要的意義。通過收集川南地區(qū)丁山、赤水、榮昌-永川工區(qū)的鉆井、測井、巖心資料及前人研究成果,結(jié)合野外地質(zhì)觀察與區(qū)域構(gòu)造背景分析,運用Iandmark解釋軟件對工區(qū)范圍內(nèi)二維地震資料進行閉合解釋,完成構(gòu)造成圖及相關(guān)圖件制作,并進行下一步構(gòu)造分析。川南地區(qū)構(gòu)造形態(tài)主要以隔檔式褶皺構(gòu)造為主,發(fā)育逆斷層,按照走向可分為北北東向、東西向、近南北向斷層,在各自特定發(fā)育區(qū)域與邊界基底斷裂走向保持一致,整體表現(xiàn)為東南緣、西北部高,中部低。在川南大區(qū)域構(gòu)造格架背景下,由面及點,對各工區(qū)進行構(gòu)造特征研究：丁山構(gòu)造是齊岳山大斷裂帶控制下的逆沖推覆構(gòu)造,平面上整體形態(tài)表現(xiàn)為北西-南東方向鼻狀背斜,剖面上表現(xiàn)為近齊岳山的盆緣推覆和盆內(nèi)褶皺構(gòu)造格局,發(fā)育有多種構(gòu)造樣式；林灘場構(gòu)造同樣受齊岳山斷裂推覆控制作用明顯,整體為一呈北東-南西向展布的長軸背斜構(gòu)造,被5組北東-南西向斷裂分隔,均為逆斷層,多數(shù)斷距較大,且延伸長度總體較長；赤水區(qū)域受兩期構(gòu)造運動影響,兩組斷層呈“十”字型相互切割限制,構(gòu)造形態(tài)以短軸穹窿狀背斜為主,受3套滑脫層影響,區(qū)內(nèi)構(gòu)造變形以蓋層滑脫為主；榮昌-永川區(qū)塊中部發(fā)育北東-南西走向背斜,東陡西緩,軸部斷層發(fā)育,沿長軸方向展布,延伸長度較大,除蓋層滑脫外還表現(xiàn)出雙向逆沖的構(gòu)造樣式。結(jié)合區(qū)域構(gòu)造構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場機制,再由點及面,綜合各區(qū)斷層的走向、規(guī)模、展布特征及褶皺的平面形態(tài)等組合特征及其分布規(guī)律,對川南地區(qū)進行構(gòu)造體系劃分為齊岳山?jīng)_斷段、重慶弧形斷褶帶、赤水構(gòu)造疊加帶、永川弧形斷褶帶。選取合適地震剖面,通過構(gòu)造演化分析,認為川南地區(qū)經(jīng)歷影響較大的3次構(gòu)造運動：加里東—海西期以沉降為主的差異升降構(gòu)造旋回形成區(qū)域上隆坳相間的古構(gòu)造格局；印支運動時期,四川盆地由被動大陸邊緣轉(zhuǎn)入前陸盆地演化階段,華鎣山形成隆起；晚燕山—喜山期由于東南部的擠壓應(yīng)力,以水平運動為主,產(chǎn)生了強烈褶皺、基底拆離、滑脫推覆等陸內(nèi)造山運動。綜合上述研究,對保存條件的研究應(yīng)從構(gòu)造運動對保存條件所產(chǎn)生的影響開始,基于差異構(gòu)造變形,從斷裂作用、上覆層厚度、頂?shù)装逵行�、�?gòu)造樣式四方面對川南地區(qū)采用綜合指標(biāo)量化加權(quán)評分排隊的方法,進行頁巖氣保存條件進行綜合評價。結(jié)果顯示赤水區(qū)域宏觀保存條件最好,其次為榮昌-永川,再次為林灘場,最后為丁山構(gòu)造。
[Abstract]:The South Sichuan area is located in the southeast of the Sichuan basin, which is sandwiched between the Huaying Mountain Fault Zone and the Qi Yue mountain fault zone. The area is adjacent to the Sichuan Guizhou fault fold belt, the west is adjacent to the Middle Sichuan uplift, and the north is connected with the high and steep septum structural belt in East Sichuan, but the structure pattern is different. As the favorable shale gas accumulation zone in the Sichuan basin, the upper two series Longtan Formation is developed. The black shale, the lower shales of the Lower Silurian Long Ma Xi formation and the three sets of high quality hydrocarbon source rocks of the lower Cambrian shales are the key replacement areas after the major breakthrough in the exploration area of Fuling Jiao Shi dam. The hydrocarbon generation is the basis, the preservation is the key and the favorable geological conditions, and the preservation conditions have become the decision of the exploration and development of shale gas in the south of Sichuan. The study of the preservation conditions should be guided by structural deformation, and by analyzing the transformation of the tectonic deformation to the reservoir, which leads to the difference of the preservation conditions of different structures. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct the study of the structural characteristics of the southern Sichuan area to guide the exploration and target optimization of the shale gas in South Sichuan. The drilling, logging, core data and previous research results of mountain, Chishui and Rongchang Yongchuan work area, combined with field geological observation and regional tectonic background analysis, using Iandmark interpretation software for closed interpretation of two-dimensional seismic data within the scope of the work area, complete structural mapping and related drawings, and carry out further structural analysis. The structural form is mainly composed of septum type fold structure and reverse fault. According to the trend, it can be divided into North and East, east-west, near North and South faults, consistent with the fault direction of the boundary basement, the southeast margin, the north-west high and the middle low. The structural characteristics of each area are studied. The Dingshan structure is a thrust nappe under the control of the large fault zone of the Qi Yue mountain. The whole form in the plane shows the nose shaped anticline in the North West to the South East. The section shows the tectonic pattern of the basin margin and the inner fold structure in the near Qi Yue mountain. There are many structural styles, and the forest beach field structure is also subject to Qi Yue. The thrust and overlay control of the mountain fault is obvious, and the whole is a long axis anticline structure with a north-east NW direction, divided by 5 groups of NSW faults, all of which are reverse faults, most of which are large, and the length of the extension is long. The Chishui region is influenced by two stages of tectonic movement, and the two groups of fault layers are restricted by the "ten" type, and the structure form is in structural form with the restriction of each other. The short axis dome like anticline is dominated by 3 sets of slipping layers, and the tectonic deformation in the area is mainly covered with caprock; the middle of the Rongchang Yongchuan block develops north east NW trending anticline, the East is slow and the axis faults are developed, the extension along the long axis, the extension length is larger, and the structural style of bi-directional thrust is displayed in addition to the slippage of the caprock. The tectonic stress field mechanism, then from the point and the surface, integrated the trend of fault, the scale, the distribution feature and the plane shape of the folds, and its distribution rules. The structural system of the southern Sichuan area is divided into the Qi Yue Mountain Thrust section, the Chongqing arc fault fold belt, the Chishui structural superposition zone and the Yongchuan arc fault fold belt. Over the tectonic evolution analysis, it is believed that the southern Sichuan area has experienced 3 tectonic movements: the Caledonian Hercynian differential tectonic cycle dominated by sedimentation and the formation of the paleotectonic pattern between the upland depressions, and the Sichuan basin from the passive continental margin to the foreland basin evolution period, and the Huaying Mountain Uplift. The late Yanshan - Himalayan period, due to the compressional stress in the southeastern part of the southeast, produced a strong fold, base detachment, and detachment and other intracontinental orogeny. The study of the preservation conditions should begin with the effects of tectonic movement on the preservation conditions, based on the differential tectonic deformation, from fracture action and overburden thickness. The results show that the best preservation conditions in Chishui region are the macro preservation conditions, followed by Rongchang Yongchuan, the second is the forest beach field, and the last is the Dingshan structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13;P548

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