本文選題：南海 + 盆地群　； 參考：《地學(xué)前緣》2017年04期

【摘要】：南海作為東亞大陸邊緣最大的邊緣海,位于太平洋、印澳和歐亞三個(gè)板塊的夾持之下,處于特提斯構(gòu)造域和太平洋構(gòu)造域的聯(lián)合作用部位,是揭示新生代兩大動(dòng)力學(xué)體系交接轉(zhuǎn)換特征的良好場(chǎng)所。南海海盆為菱形洋盆,包括西北次海盆、東部次海盆和西南次海盆,均在古近紀(jì)—中中新世形成,同時(shí)伴隨著南海北部、西部和南部盆地群發(fā)育,盆地邊緣油氣資源豐富,被稱(chēng)為第二個(gè)"波斯灣"。本文搜集了前人對(duì)南海洋盆深部形態(tài)、磁條帶、轉(zhuǎn)換斷層等成果,以及南海周邊盆地群的沉積體系、沉積相、不整合面相關(guān)資料,綜合對(duì)比了南海北部、西部和南部盆地群的沉積序列、沉積相、沉積厚度,厘定了盆地群斷裂體系、斷裂組合特征,揭示了南海北部、南部盆地群及西部盆地群中的中建南和萬(wàn)安盆地都是在右行右階走滑拉分背景下形成的。北部盆地群新生代古近系西厚東薄,新近系東厚西薄,NNE—NE向斷裂體系活動(dòng)早期西強(qiáng)東弱,而晚期東強(qiáng)西弱,從西向東依次停止。同時(shí)指出,南海是在NNE向斷裂體系右行右階走滑拉分和古南海俯沖拖曳的聯(lián)合作用下打開(kāi):于34~32 Ma西北次海盆和東部次海盆受控于NNE向斷裂的右行右階走滑拉分作用,沿著NNE-SSW方向開(kāi)啟;32~23 Ma,NNE向走滑斷裂活動(dòng)自西向東逐步停止;于23 Ma左右,"消失"的南海以西的NNE向走滑斷裂完全停止活動(dòng),同時(shí)由于婆羅洲地塊逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),古南海的俯沖帶走向由近E-W向變?yōu)镹E向,俯沖板塊拖曳力也轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镹W-SE向并且占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,在拖曳力作用下禮樂(lè)—巴拉望地塊后緣陸殼伸展,導(dǎo)致西南次海盆打開(kāi),東部次海盆的擴(kuò)張方向由NNE-SSW轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镹W-SE向。于15Ma,禮樂(lè)—巴拉望地塊與婆羅洲地塊碰撞,南海停止擴(kuò)張。
[Abstract]:The South China Sea, as the largest marginal sea in the continental margin of East Asia, is located under the clamping of the Pacific, Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates, and is in the joint position of the Tethys tectonic domain and the Pacific tectonic domain. It is a good place to reveal the characteristics of the transition between the two dynamic systems of the Cenozoic. The South China Sea basin is a diamond-shaped ocean basin, including the northwest subbasin, the eastern subbasin and the southwest subbasin, all formed in Paleogene and Miocene, and accompanied by the development of basin groups in the north, west and south of the South China Sea, the margin of the basin is rich in oil and gas resources. It is called the second Persian Gulf. In this paper, we have collected the data of the South China Sea basin's deep morphology, magnetic stripe, transition fault, and the sedimentary system, sedimentary facies and unconformity surface of the basin group around the South China Sea, and comprehensively compared the north of the South China Sea. The sedimentary sequence, sedimentary facies and thickness of the western and southern basin groups determine the fault system and fault assemblage characteristics of the basin group, and reveal the northern part of the South China Sea. In the southern basin group and the western basin group, the Zhongjian Nan and Wan'an basins were formed in the right strike-slip pull setting. The Cenozoic Paleogene of the northern basin group is thick and thin in the west, and the NNE-NE fault system in the Neogene is weak in the early stage, but weak in the east and west in the late period, and stops successively from west to east. At the same time, it is pointed out that the South China Sea was opened under the combined action of the right-hand strike-slip pull of the NNE-trending fault system and the subduction and towing of the Paleo-South China Sea: the north-west subbasin and the eastern subbasin were controlled by the right-lateral strike-slip pull of the NNE trending fault at 3432 Ma. Along the NNE-SSW direction, the NNE strike-slip fault started in the direction of NNE-SSW and stopped gradually from west to east, and at about 23 Ma, the NNE strike-slip fault to the west of the "vanishing" South China Sea was completely stopped, and because of the counterclockwise rotation of the Borneo block, The trend of the subduction zone in the ancient South China Sea changed from near E-W to NE, and the drag force of subduction plate also changed to NW-SE and occupied the dominant position. Under the action of drag force, the continental crust of the back edge of the Lee-Palawan block was extended, which led to the opening of the southwestern subbasin. The spreading direction of the eastern subbasin changed from NNE-SSW to NW-SE. The South China Sea ceased to expand at 15 Ma, when the Lele-Palawan block collided with the Borneo block.
【作者單位】： 海底科學(xué)與探測(cè)技術(shù)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)海洋地球科學(xué)學(xué)院;青島海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室海洋地質(zhì)過(guò)程與環(huán)境功能實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金杰出青年基金項(xiàng)目(41325009);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41402172,41502185,41502321;U1606401) 山東省泰山學(xué)者特聘教授項(xiàng)目 鰲山卓越科學(xué)家計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015ASTP-0S10) 國(guó)家海洋局重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(GASI-GEOGE-01)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P736.1

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