發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-12 04:18

  本文選題：巖石物理 + 反演　； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著勘探開(kāi)發(fā)程度的加深,油氣田的開(kāi)采難度逐漸加大,采收率的提高越來(lái)越困難。而在現(xiàn)有成熟探區(qū)中基本已進(jìn)行過(guò)兩次以上的地震采集,充分利用這些已有的地震資料,研究油藏地球物理性質(zhì)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,為后期的實(shí)際生產(chǎn)服務(wù),將具有很高經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和社會(huì)價(jià)值。時(shí)移地震技術(shù)就是應(yīng)用兩次采集資料來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)油田生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的油藏變化,達(dá)到確定剩余油分布的目的。時(shí)移地震目前正在成為油藏地球物理技術(shù)中不可或缺的一部分。它要求多次采集的資料在采集參數(shù)上必須完全一致,資料差異僅僅是與油藏變化有關(guān)。但是,現(xiàn)有的多次采集的地震資料,由于在采集時(shí)的目的不同,采集參數(shù)相差很大,CMP點(diǎn)有很大偏差,覆蓋次數(shù)也相差很大,不能滿足時(shí)移地震的要求。為此,需要首先確定什么樣的非重復(fù)時(shí)移地震資料可以應(yīng)用,進(jìn)而研究在現(xiàn)有采集條件下如何“消除”多期采集資料觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)差異的影響,實(shí)現(xiàn)觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的一致性優(yōu)化處理,突出油藏差異。為使時(shí)移地震技術(shù)能夠很好地在油氣田的監(jiān)測(cè)開(kāi)發(fā)中實(shí)施應(yīng)用,本文基于巖石物理理論,結(jié)合實(shí)際測(cè)井資料,通過(guò)非線性反演算法提取儲(chǔ)層巖石基質(zhì)的模量值,然后利用提取的儲(chǔ)層基質(zhì)參數(shù)計(jì)算儲(chǔ)層速度與密度等�；讷@得的儲(chǔ)層參數(shù),分別用Zoeppritz方程以及波動(dòng)方程數(shù)值模擬算法獲取不同地層條件下地震波的反射特征,以此明確不同儲(chǔ)層條件下地震響應(yīng)的變化規(guī)律,并通過(guò)對(duì)比分析,獲取二者之間的校正因子,進(jìn)而建立適用于研究區(qū)的巖石物理量版。然后,建立典型三維模型,采用不同的觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行波動(dòng)方程數(shù)值模擬,通過(guò)對(duì)一系列定量的模擬進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)影響非重復(fù)時(shí)移地震的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行定量分析,并發(fā)展有效的處理技術(shù)、進(jìn)行非重復(fù)采集條件下波場(chǎng)的匹配以及時(shí)移差異的檢測(cè),這對(duì)充分利用現(xiàn)有的多次采集資料,提高油氣預(yù)測(cè)精度、探明剩余油分布,是十分必要的。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of exploration and development, the exploitation of oil and gas fields is becoming more and more difficult, and the improvement of oil recovery is becoming more and more difficult. In the existing mature exploration area, more than two seismic acquisition has been basically carried out, and the existing seismic data are fully utilized to study the dynamic changes of the geophysical properties of the reservoir, so as to serve the actual production in the later stage. Will have very high economic value and social value. The time-lapse seismic technique is to use twice acquisition data to monitor reservoir changes during oil production and to determine the distribution of remaining oil. Time-lapse earthquakes are becoming an indispensable part of reservoir geophysical technology. It requires that the data collected for many times must be identical in the acquisition parameters, and the difference of the data is only related to the reservoir changes. However, for the existing seismic data collected many times, because of the different purpose in acquisition, the acquisition parameters differ greatly and the coverage times are also very different, which can not meet the requirements of time-lapse earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine what kind of non-repetitive time-lapse seismic data can be applied, and then study how to "eliminate" the influence of the difference of observation system in multi-period data acquisition under the existing acquisition conditions, and realize the consistency optimization processing of observation data. Outstanding reservoir difference. In order to make the time-lapse seismic technique be well applied in the monitoring and development of oil and gas fields, based on the theory of rock physics and the actual logging data, the modulus of reservoir rock matrix is extracted by nonlinear inversion algorithm in this paper. Then the reservoir velocity and density are calculated by using the extracted reservoir matrix parameters. Based on the obtained reservoir parameters, Zoeppritz equation and wave equation numerical simulation algorithm are used to obtain the reflection characteristics of seismic waves under different formation conditions. The correction factor between them is obtained, and then a lithophysical version suitable for the study area is established. Then, a typical three-dimensional model is established, and the wave equation is numerically simulated by using different parameters of the observation system. Through a series of quantitative simulation, the key parameters that affect the non-repeated time-lapse earthquake are quantitatively analyzed. It is necessary to develop effective processing technology to match the wave field under the condition of non-repeated acquisition in order to detect the difference of shift in time, which is necessary to make full use of the existing multiple acquisition data, to improve the prediction accuracy of oil and gas, and to verify the distribution of remaining oil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.4

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本文編號(hào)：2008313