本文選題：庫岸紅土 + 庫水侵蝕　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來云南省所遭遇的普遍高溫干旱,以及雨季來臨時(shí)的持續(xù)降雨,導(dǎo)致云南省境內(nèi)紅土型水庫崩塌、病險(xiǎn)加劇等相關(guān)問題日益加劇。文章以云南省昆明市紅土型水庫庫岸邊坡作為研究對象,提出開展“云南紅土型庫岸侵蝕過程研究”這一學(xué)術(shù)課題。且圍繞這一主題,開展了紅土型水庫庫岸邊坡侵蝕模型試驗(yàn)與紅土試樣干濕循環(huán)特性試驗(yàn)。通過開展紅土型庫岸邊坡的模型試驗(yàn)表明：庫水位的升降變化導(dǎo)致位于庫水位以下的紅土土壓力減小,紅土中的孔隙水壓力增大。同時(shí),反復(fù)的庫水位升降變化作用導(dǎo)致庫岸邊坡大顆粒土粒向庫岸的上游坡腳處遷移,遷移變化導(dǎo)致紅土的顆粒分布變化,顆粒級配有原來的級配良好變?yōu)榧壟洳涣迹煌ㄟ^對紅土開展反復(fù)的干濕循環(huán)特性試驗(yàn)研究表明：對紅土進(jìn)行增濕時(shí),紅土的抗剪強(qiáng)度首先迅速減小,之后會緩慢回升,隨著增濕過程的繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,其強(qiáng)度最終完全喪失。對紅土進(jìn)行脫濕時(shí),紅土的抗剪強(qiáng)度會持續(xù)性的緩慢回升。反復(fù)的干濕循環(huán)作用會導(dǎo)致紅土的抗剪強(qiáng)度減小。同時(shí),反復(fù)的干濕循環(huán)作用會導(dǎo)致紅土的壓縮性能變大,導(dǎo)致紅土的滲透性能增大；通過對紅土開展微結(jié)構(gòu)特性試驗(yàn)研究表明：較低倍數(shù)的放大效果可以從整體上掌握紅土的孔隙及土體的松散與緊密程度。較高的放大倍數(shù)可以更為細(xì)觀的觀察到紅土內(nèi)部的孔隙及土顆粒分布狀況,同時(shí)可以觀察到紅土內(nèi)部的顆粒圓形度及顆粒復(fù)雜度等微結(jié)構(gòu)特征參數(shù)。同時(shí),隨著浸泡時(shí)間的延長,紅土內(nèi)部的孔隙變大,紅土顆粒表面也越來越不規(guī)整。對紅土較高溫度的養(yǎng)護(hù)作用會使得紅土顆粒間產(chǎn)生比較低養(yǎng)護(hù)溫度及常溫養(yǎng)護(hù)作用更大的孔隙；反復(fù)的干濕循環(huán)過程中發(fā)生著紅土與庫水之間的物理、化學(xué)以及力學(xué)作用。其中,物理作用包括：軟化、侵蝕、泥化等作用。化學(xué)作用包括：離子的交換吸附作用、同晶置換作用、紅土礦物質(zhì)的電離水解等作用過程；力學(xué)作用包括庫水對紅土抗剪強(qiáng)度、壓縮特性以及滲透特性的影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the general high temperature and drought encountered in Yunnan Province, as well as the continuous rainfall during the rainy season, have led to the collapse of lateritic reservoirs in Yunnan Province and the worsening of disease risk and other related problems. Taking the bank slope of lateritic reservoir in Kunming, Yunnan Province as the research object, this paper puts forward the academic subject of "study on the erosion process of Yunnan lateritic reservoir bank". According to this theme, model tests of slope erosion and dry and wet cycle tests of laterite samples were carried out. The model test of lateritic reservoir bank slope shows that the fluctuation of reservoir water level results in the decrease of laterite pressure and the increase of pore water pressure in laterite. At the same time, the repeated changes of reservoir water level lead to the migration of large granular soil particles from the bank slope to the upstream slope foot of the reservoir bank, and the migration change leads to the change of the particle distribution of the laterite, and the grain grade with the original good gradation is changed into bad gradation. The results of repeated dry-wet cycle tests show that the shear strength of laterite decreases rapidly at first and then rises slowly. With the humidification process, the strength of red soil is completely lost. When dehumidifying the red soil, the shear strength of the red soil will increase slowly and continuously. Repeated dry and wet cycling will reduce the shear strength of red soil. At the same time, repeated dry-wet cycle will lead to the compression performance of red soil become larger, resulting in the increase of the permeability of red soil; The microstructural characteristics of laterite are studied. The results show that the porosity of laterite and the looseness and compactness of soil can be grasped by the magnifying effect of lower multiple. At higher magnification, the pore and particle distribution in red soil can be observed more meso-scopically, and the microstructural characteristic parameters such as roundness and complexity of particles in laterite can be observed at the same time. At the same time, with the prolongation of soaking time, the internal pores of laterite become larger, and the surface of laterite particles becomes more and more irregular. The curing effect on the higher temperature of laterite will result in larger porosity between the particles of red soil than at low curing temperature and curing at normal temperature, and the physical, chemical and mechanical action between laterite and reservoir water will occur during repeated dry-wet cycle. Among them, physical action includes: softening, erosion, mud and so on. The chemical action includes ion exchange adsorption, isomorphic displacement, ionization and hydrolysis of laterite minerals, and the effects of reservoir water on shear strength, compression and permeability of laterite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.132

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