本文選題：地質(zhì)災(zāi)害 + GIS�。� 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2014年8月3日云南省昭通市魯?shù)榭h發(fā)生6.5級(jí)地震,本文研究的巧家縣與魯?shù)榭h相鄰,是此次地震中受災(zāi)較為嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)之一,受災(zāi)群眾41.31萬(wàn)人,死亡78人,累計(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)損失57.47億元,同時(shí)造成了巧家縣由震前三百多處災(zāi)害點(diǎn)增加到震后五百多處災(zāi)害點(diǎn)。對(duì)巧家縣地質(zhì)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)級(jí)符合巧家縣地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治的需要,對(duì)于減少該縣地質(zhì)災(zāi)害造成的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以巧家縣533處地質(zhì)災(zāi)害作為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)野外實(shí)地調(diào)查和資料收集獲得了研究區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、地質(zhì)環(huán)境和地理要素等基本情況,分析了地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的分布特征和影響因素,運(yùn)用GIS技術(shù),采用信息量法、層次分析法、模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法完成了巧家縣地質(zhì)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià),根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果提出地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治措施。論文的主要工作如下:(1)以巧家縣地理、地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件為背景,利用GIS軟件空間分析功能,分析了研究區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害分布特征及影響因素。(2)本文選取高程、坡度、斷層、工程地質(zhì)巖組、水系、降雨、地震7個(gè)指標(biāo)建立地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)體系。采用信息量法確定評(píng)價(jià)因子內(nèi)部各分級(jí)的信息量值,層次分析法確定各評(píng)價(jià)因子權(quán)重,利用GIS軟件柵格計(jì)算功能,將研究區(qū)劃分為地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性高、中、低三個(gè)區(qū)。(3)本文選取人口密度、耕地密度、道路密度、GDP密度4個(gè)指標(biāo)建立地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易損性評(píng)價(jià)體系。以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為評(píng)價(jià)單元,采用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法,將研究區(qū)各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易損性劃分為高、中、低三個(gè)區(qū)。(4)結(jié)合巧家縣地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)性、易損性評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,采用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性(R)=危險(xiǎn)性(H)×易損性(V)理論模型,利用GIS軟件柵格計(jì)算功能,將研究區(qū)劃分為地質(zhì)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性高、中、低三個(gè)區(qū)。(5)根據(jù)巧家縣風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,針對(duì)重點(diǎn)、次重點(diǎn)、一般防治區(qū)提出具體的近期和中遠(yuǎn)期地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治措施。
[Abstract]:A magnitude 6.5 earthquake occurred in Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province on August 3, 2014. Qiaojia County, which is adjacent to Ludian County in this paper, is one of the more severely affected areas in this earthquake. 413100 people were affected and 78 people were killed. The cumulative economic loss of 5.747 billion yuan has also increased from more than 300 disaster points before the earthquake to more than 500 disaster points after the earthquake. The risk rating of geological hazard in Qiaojia county is in line with the need of geological disaster prevention and control in Qiaojia county. It is of great practical significance to reduce the casualties and property losses caused by geological disasters in Qiaojia county. This paper takes 533 geological hazards in Qiaojia County as the research object, obtains the basic conditions of geological hazards, geological environment and geographical elements in the study area through field investigation and data collection, and analyzes the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of geological disasters. The geological hazard risk assessment of Qiaojia county is completed by using GIS technology, information quantity method, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. According to the result of risk evaluation, the measures of geological hazard prevention and control are put forward. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the geographical and geological environment conditions of Qiaojia County, and using the spatial analysis function of GIS software, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of geological hazards in the study area are analyzed.) in this paper, height, slope, fault are selected. The risk assessment system of geological hazards is established according to seven indexes of engineering geological rock formation, water system, rainfall and earthquake. Using the information quantity method to determine the information value of each grade inside the evaluation factor, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine the weight of each evaluation factor, and the GIS software grid computing function is used to divide the study area into high geological hazard risk. In this paper, four indexes, population density, cultivated land density, road density and GDP density, are selected to establish a vulnerability evaluation system for geological hazards. Taking villages and towns as evaluation units and adopting fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the vulnerability of each township geological hazard in the study area is divided into three areas: high, middle and low) combined with the evaluation results of geological hazard risk and vulnerability in Qiaojia County. Based on the theoretical model of risk / vulnerability / V) and GIS software grid computing function, the study area is divided into three areas with high, middle and low geological hazard risk.) according to the risk evaluation results of Qiaojia County, the key points and the second key points are discussed. Specific short-and medium-long-term geological hazard prevention and control measures are put forward in the general prevention area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P694

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本文編號(hào)：2003184