本文選題：熊本地震 + 強地震動��； 參考：《中國地震局地球物理研究所》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文選取日本熊本MW7.0地震中斷層距小于200km的255個強震臺站記錄到的三分量記錄數(shù)據(jù),研究了近場地震動特性的衰減和空間分布特征、豎向地震動特性,并分析了淺層場地放大效應、近斷層方向性效應等因素對近斷層地震動特性的影響。一、近場地震動衰減和空間分布特征研究。將近場地面運動水平向的峰值加速度、峰值速度及周期為0.2s、1.0s、2.0s、3.0s、5.0s和10.0s的加速度反應譜數(shù)據(jù)與美國NGA-West2的地震動預測模型相比較,研究熊本地震地表和井下地震動峰值及反應譜的衰減特征;選取位于破裂傳播方向上與傳播反方向記錄數(shù)據(jù),考察水平向加速度、速度時程以及反應譜的差異。研究結果表明:(1)對于井下觀測結果,NGA-West2的地震動模型對PGA和短周期0.2s的反應譜的預測值與觀測值相比整體偏高,而對PGV和較長周期地震動的預測值與觀測值較為吻合。(2)對于地表觀測結果,NGA-West2的地震動模型對PGA、PGV和短周期0.2s地震動反應譜的預測值與真實值較為吻合,而對較長周期地震動的預測值略高于觀測值。(3)加速度時程記錄及速度時程記錄中均觀測到明顯的方向性效應;隨著斷層距的逐漸增大,方向性效應的影響逐漸減弱。(4)從反應譜來看,方向性效應對破裂傳播方向上的近場地震動的放大作用明顯,尤其是在長周期段。二、豎向與水平向地震動對比研究。將255個近場臺站的地表和井下記錄按斷層距、場地類別進行分組,研究熊本地震近斷層豎向/水平向地震動譜比特征,以及受斷層距和場地條件的影響規(guī)律。研究結果表明:(1)井下地震動豎向/水平向(V/H)均值整體上高于2/3;0.4s-1s及3s-10s的周期內(nèi)的反應譜V/H均值明顯高于其他周期段;短周期(T0.1s)段剪切波速較低的D類場地的V/H均值整體上要比B類及C類高。(2)地表地震動V/H均值并未整體大于2/3,且大于1的情況較少;短周期(T0.1s)及3s-10s的周期內(nèi)的反應譜V/H比值明顯高于中間周期段;周期大于1s時,V/H均值呈現(xiàn)出明顯的隨周期增大的情況;剪切波速高的B類場地的V/H均值整體上要比剪切波速低的C類、D類、E類場地上的V/H均值高,且在短周期段表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯;在短周期(0.1s)部分,斷層距小于30km的近場臺站記錄到的V/H均值要顯著高于斷層距大于30km的臺站,顯示了豎向地震動的近場效應。(3)總體來看,井下與地表反應譜V/H均值隨周期的變化大體相似,但井下的反應譜V/H均值明顯高于地表,這從一個側面說明井下地震動受到的淺層放大作用小,豎向與水平地震相差較小。三、淺層場地放大效應研究。通過比較KiK-net臺站地表與井下記錄結果,探討淺層場地放大效應的影響。研究結果表明:(1)相對于井下記錄,地表記錄的地震動峰值PGA、PGV和周期為0.2s、1.0s和2.0s的反應譜有明顯的放大,這種放大作用隨淺層場地剪切波速的增大而減小;周期為3s、5s和10s長周期地震動的放大效應很小。(2)近場記錄觀測到了明顯的場地非線性反應,相對于弱震動作用的情況,在PGA100 cm/s2的強震動作用時,放大作用曲線的卓越周期向長周期方向移動,地表/井下的放大倍數(shù)值顯著減小。(3)地表/井下的反應譜比值隨周期顯著變化,場地放大作用影響在周期0.1~0.5s時最強;隨著場地剪切波速VS30的減小,場地放大作用的影響向長周期方向移動,表現(xiàn)出明顯的非線性特征。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the three component records recorded by 255 strong earthquake stations less than 200km in the MW7.0 earthquake of Xiongben, Japan, are selected to study the attenuation and spatial distribution characteristics of the near ground motion, the characteristics of the vertical ground motion, and the analysis of the effect of the shallow ground field and the near fault square direction on the characteristics of the near fault ground motion. Study on the dynamic attenuation and spatial distribution characteristics of near field earthquakes. The peak acceleration, peak velocity and period of the near field ground motion are 0.2S, 1.0s, 2.0S, 3.0s, 5.0s and 10.0s are compared with the earthquake prediction models of American NGA-West2, and the peak and response of ground and downhole ground motion in Xiongben earthquake are studied. The results show that: (1) for the underground observation results, the prediction value of the response spectrum of the NGA-West2 ground motion model to the PGA and the short period 0.2S is higher than the overall observation value. The predicted values of PGV and long period ground motions are in good agreement with the observed values. (2) for the ground surface observation results, the prediction values of the NGA-West2 ground motion models for PGA, PGV and short period 0.2S ground motion are in good agreement with the true values, while the predicted values for long period ground motions are slightly higher than those of the observed values. (3) the time history and velocity of acceleration. The obvious directional effect was observed in the course records; with the gradual increase of the fault distance, the influence of the directional effect gradually weakened. (4) from the response spectrum, the directional effect magnified the near ground motion in the direction of rupture propagation, especially in the long period. Two, the vertical and horizontal seismic contrastive studies. 255 close. The surface and downhole records of the station are grouped according to fault distance and site category to study the characteristics of the vertical / horizontal seismic dynamic spectrum ratio of the near fault in Xiongben earthquake, as well as the influence of the fault distance and site conditions. The results show that (1) the vertical / horizontal direction (V/ H) mean of underground ground motion is higher than that of 2/3, 0.4s-1s and 3s-10s. The V/H mean of the response spectrum is obviously higher than that of other periods, and the V/H mean of the D class with the lower shear wave velocity of the short period (T0.1s) section is higher than that of the B class and the C class. (2) the surface seismic dynamic V/H mean is not larger than the 2/3, and the case is less than 1; the ratio of the reaction spectrum V/H to the short period (T0.1s) and 3s-10s is obviously higher than that in the middle period. When the period is greater than 1s, the mean V/H mean is obviously increased with the period, and the V/H mean of the B class with high shear wave speed is higher than that of the C, D, E, which is higher than the shear wave velocity, especially in the short period, and in the short period (0.1s) part, the V/H of the fault distance is smaller than the 30km near field station. The value should be significantly higher than the station of the fault distance greater than 30km, showing the near field effect of the vertical ground motion. (3) in general, the V/H mean of the downhole and surface response spectrum is roughly similar to the change of the period, but the V/H mean of the downhole response spectrum is obviously higher than the surface, which indicates that the shallow layer enlargement of the ground motion under the well is small, the vertical and the water are shown in one side. The difference between the flat earthquakes is smaller. Three, the study on the amplification effect of the shallow site. By comparing the surface and downhole records of the KiK-net stations, the influence of the amplification effect on the shallow ground is discussed. The results show that (1) the peak vibration peak PGA, PGV and period recorded on the ground surface, compared with the downhole record, are obviously magnified in the response spectrum of 1.0s and 2.0S. The large effect decreases with the increase of the shear wave velocity of the shallow site; the period is 3S, the amplification effect of the long periodic ground motion of 5S and 10s is very small. (2) the near field record observed the obvious nonlinear response of the site. Compared with the weak vibration, the remarkable period of the amplification curve moves to the long period direction when the strong motion of PGA100 cm/s2 is strong. (3) the ratio of the surface / downhole response spectrum is significantly changed with the cycle, and the effect of site amplification on the cycle 0.1~0.5s is the strongest. With the decrease of the field shear wave velocity VS30, the effect of the site enlargement moves to the long period direction, showing obvious nonlinear characteristics.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局地球物理研究所
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P315

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 謝俊舉;溫增平;高孟潭;;利用強震數(shù)據(jù)獲取汶川地震近斷層地面永久位移[J];地震學報;2013年03期

2 謝俊舉;;汶川MS8.0地震近斷層強地面運動特征[J];國際地震動態(tài);2011年03期

3 張勇;馮萬鵬;許力生;周成虎;陳運泰;;2008年汶川大地震的時空破裂過程[J];中國科學(D輯:地球科學);2008年10期

4 王衛(wèi)民;趙連鋒;李娟;姚振興;;四川汶川8.0級地震震源過程[J];地球物理學報;2008年05期

5 李爽;謝禮立;;近場問題的研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展方向[J];地震學報;2007年01期

6 劉啟方;袁一凡;金星;丁海平;;近斷層地震動的基本特征[J];地震工程與工程振動;2006年01期

7 高孟潭,姜慧,俞言祥,許力生,唐麗華;震源機制和斷層面的介質剛度對強地面運動的影響[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2005年17期

8 王國權,周錫元;921臺灣集集地震近斷層強震記錄的基線校正[J];地震地質;2004年01期

9 周正華,周雍年,盧滔,楊程;豎向地震動特征研究[J];地震工程與工程振動;2003年03期

10 薄景山,李秀領,李山有;場地條件對地震動影響研究的若干進展[J];世界地震工程;2003年02期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張皎;場地條件對地震動峰值及衰減關系的影響研究[D];北京工業(yè)大學;2008年

，

本文編號：1989270