本文選題：準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣 + 構(gòu)造特征　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣擁有良好的石油地質(zhì)條件,勘探潛力巨大,目前已成為我國(guó)西部油氣勘探的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域。歷經(jīng)半世紀(jì)的勘探研究,已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一大批油氣田,但由于該區(qū)大地構(gòu)造位置比較復(fù)雜,分別受到海西、印支、燕山和喜山多期次(或同期次)不同構(gòu)造體系的疊加與復(fù)合,使準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣山前帶構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,給油氣勘探帶來(lái)一定的阻力。因此,弄清準(zhǔn)南山前帶的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造特征、構(gòu)造演化、構(gòu)造演化與油氣關(guān)系,有利于西部油氣勘探的研究以及山前帶油氣成藏條件的深一步認(rèn)識(shí),有助于綜合評(píng)價(jià)山前帶的油氣勘探潛力;同時(shí)進(jìn)一步明確西部油氣勘探潛力與方向,為深入開(kāi)展地震、井位部署提供依據(jù),加快準(zhǔn)南山前帶的油氣勘探進(jìn)程。本文綜合應(yīng)用板塊構(gòu)造理論、構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué)、石油地質(zhì)學(xué)、含油氣盆地分析等理論和技術(shù),重點(diǎn)從準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣山前帶構(gòu)造特征與構(gòu)造演化的角度,探討了構(gòu)造活動(dòng)對(duì)地層發(fā)育、構(gòu)造特征及樣式、生儲(chǔ)蓋發(fā)育、圈閉形成、油氣運(yùn)聚等的影響。準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣構(gòu)造十分復(fù)雜,由于受到晚古生代以來(lái)的海西期、印支期、燕山晚期和喜山晚期等多期構(gòu)造活動(dòng)的影響,發(fā)育規(guī)模和時(shí)空展布等具有多期性、多樣性和復(fù)雜性等特點(diǎn),因此,本次研究提出該區(qū)以逆斷層(逆沖、逆掩)為主,局部發(fā)育壓扭走滑斷層和少量正斷層。同時(shí)根據(jù)準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣斷裂平面展布特征,將集中分布于天山造山帶和盆緣山前帶的斷裂系統(tǒng)劃分為北東向斷裂、北西向(含北西西向)斷裂、近東西向斷裂和弧形斷裂等四組主要的斷裂系統(tǒng),其平面分布及形成時(shí)期各具特點(diǎn)。歸納總結(jié)了研究區(qū)構(gòu)造類型,本文根據(jù)地層卷入程度、褶皺構(gòu)造幾何形態(tài),將構(gòu)造樣式劃分為基底卷入型和蓋層滑脫型2大類、8個(gè)亞類。準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣經(jīng)歷了三大沉積構(gòu)造演化階段(石炭紀(jì)至早二疊世的陸緣裂陷階段、中晚二疊世至侏羅紀(jì)的陸內(nèi)坳陷階段、白堊紀(jì)至第四紀(jì)的晚期前陸盆地階段),造就了多個(gè)沉積旋回,形成了多套生儲(chǔ)蓋組合,本文歸納總結(jié)了主要的四套生儲(chǔ)蓋組合。根據(jù)其成因機(jī)制,將準(zhǔn)南地區(qū)圈閉類型劃分為構(gòu)造型圈閉、非構(gòu)造型圈閉和復(fù)合型圈閉3大類、9小類。準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣油氣聚集和分布,主要以區(qū)域地層不整合面、斷裂作為油氣運(yùn)移的通道,以正向構(gòu)造帶作為油氣聚集的重要場(chǎng)所。在橫向上,這些油氣聚集帶很有規(guī)律地集中分布在山前各排背斜構(gòu)造帶中,但隨著盆地部分新地層的發(fā)育和后期保存條件的改善,在縱向上油氣聚集的層位從山前向盆地方向有逐漸變新的趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:The southern margin of Junggar Basin has good petroleum geological conditions and great exploration potential, which has become a hot spot of oil and gas exploration in western China. After half a century of exploration and research, a large number of oil and gas fields have been discovered, but due to the complexity of tectonic location in this area, they are superimposed and combined by different tectonic systems of Hercynian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan periods (or periods), respectively. The structure of the Foreland zone in the southern margin of Junggar Basin is complicated, which brings some resistance to oil and gas exploration. Therefore, it is beneficial to the study of oil and gas exploration in the western part of China and the further understanding of the oil and gas accumulation conditions in the pre-mountain belt to make clear the structural characteristics, structural evolution and the relationship between oil and gas in the front belt of the Quasi-Nanshan Mountains. It is helpful to evaluate the potential of oil and gas exploration in the Foreland belt and to further clarify the potential and direction of oil and gas exploration in the western part of the country, to provide the basis for the further development of earthquake and well location deployment, and to speed up the process of oil and gas exploration in the front belt of Quasi-Nanshan. Based on the theories and techniques of plate tectonics, tectonic geology, petroleum geology and petroliferous basin analysis, this paper focuses on the structural characteristics and tectonic evolution of the Foreland zone in the southern margin of Junggar Basin. The effects of tectonic activities on stratigraphic development, structural characteristics and patterns, development of source, reservoir and cap, trap formation, oil and gas migration and accumulation are discussed. The southern margin of Junggar Basin is very complicated. Due to the influence of the late Paleozoic Hercynian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and late Himalayan tectonic activities, the development scale and space-time distribution of Junggar Basin are multistage. Because of its diversity and complexity, this study suggests that thrust faults (thrust and thrust), local compression-torsional strike-slip faults and a few normal faults are the main faults in this area. At the same time, according to the plane distribution characteristics of faults in the southern margin of Junggar Basin, the fault system, which is concentrated in Tianshan orogenic belt and basin margin, is divided into NE and NW (including NW) faults. There are four main fault systems, near east-west fault and arc fault, whose plane distribution and forming period have their own characteristics. The structural types of the study area are summarized. According to the degree of stratigraphic involvement and the geometric form of fold structure, the structural styles are divided into two types: the basement involvement type and the cover slip type, and 8 subclasses. The southern margin of Junggar Basin has experienced three stages of sedimentary tectonic evolution (Carboniferous to early Permian) continental margin rift stage, middle and late Permian to Jurassic intracontinental depression stage. The late Foreland basin stage from Cretaceous to Quaternary resulted in multiple sedimentary cycles and formed multiple sets of reservoir cap assemblage. According to its genetic mechanism, the traps in the southern part of the region are divided into structural traps, non-structural traps and complex traps. Oil and gas accumulation and distribution in the southern margin of Junggar Basin mainly take the regional stratigraphic unconformity surface, the fault as the passage of hydrocarbon migration, and the forward structural belt as the important place for oil and gas accumulation. Horizontally, these oil and gas accumulation zones are distributed regularly in the anticline tectonic belts in front of the mountains, but with the development of some new strata in the basin and the improvement of the later preservation conditions, The horizon of oil and gas accumulation is gradually changing from the front of the mountain to the basin in the longitudinal direction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13

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本文編號(hào)：1981694