本文選題：四川盆地 + 茅口組　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對縫洞預(yù)測這一世界性難題,從縫洞油氣藏勘探方法研究的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),開展精細(xì)目標(biāo)處理及儲層預(yù)測,尋找縫洞系統(tǒng),為氣藏的深化勘探開發(fā)提供較明確的勘探目標(biāo),建立了一套縫洞儲層綜合預(yù)測與評價的有效方法技術(shù)。本文中,將該套方法技術(shù)應(yīng)用于四川盆地蜀南地區(qū)茅口組縫洞油氣藏的勘探實踐,預(yù)測有利勘探區(qū),取得了以下新的認(rèn)識和成果:(1)通過模型正演認(rèn)為,當(dāng)茅口組頂面存在縫洞系統(tǒng)的,反射波振幅會減弱,形成弱振幅,當(dāng)茅口組層間有比較發(fā)育的縫洞時(往往會充填氣、水或其他物質(zhì)),縫洞體與周圍介質(zhì)存在較大的速度、密度和波阻抗差異,將會形成強(qiáng)反射,尤其是出現(xiàn)“短軸狀、強(qiáng)波谷”地震響應(yīng)特征。通過多屬性分析,總結(jié)出茅口組溶蝕縫洞型儲層發(fā)育段具有“低頻強(qiáng)波谷”特征。(2)在分析了縫洞系統(tǒng)的地震響應(yīng)特征和物理模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了地震非線性整體反演(速度范圍在5000m/s~5900m/s之間)預(yù)測技術(shù),經(jīng)過研究區(qū)共計31口井檢驗,所預(yù)測的儲層速度與區(qū)內(nèi)鉆井一致,速度反演剖面上可以比較清楚地看到茅三段~茅二段的高速灰?guī)r以及茅一段的低速泥頁巖的分布,確定出茅口組儲層縫洞方向和展布特征,取得很好地質(zhì)效果。因此,該技術(shù)為解決縫洞預(yù)測難題提供了新的技術(shù)支撐。(3)頻變AVO屬性反演技術(shù)是基于Chapman理論,以同一地震資料不同子波主頻的疊前地震道數(shù)據(jù)分別進(jìn)行頻變AVO屬性反演,反演得到各自的截距、梯度、泊松比等AVO屬性。將不同頻率下反演得到的相同屬性進(jìn)行比值運算,獲取該屬性在頻率變化時隨之變化的變化強(qiáng)弱,由于溶洞的速度往往比蓋層低很多,同時這里的衰減也變得比較厲害,因此高頻部分衰減得比較多,而剩下能量較強(qiáng)的低頻部分,橫向上往往強(qiáng)于相鄰區(qū)域。泊松比能反映巖性的變化,溶洞的地方泊松比的變化較大。本文選取低頻的泊松比AVO屬性進(jìn)行溶洞識別,把檢測結(jié)果與實鉆測試情況對比后認(rèn)為:基于頻變AVO屬性反演技術(shù)的油氣檢測技術(shù)效果較好。這種反演技術(shù)是縫洞預(yù)測的最佳估計方法,是縫洞定量預(yù)測技術(shù),是縫洞預(yù)測的一種核心技術(shù)。通過對測井特征、模型正演、地震屬性、反演速度、頻變AVO屬性的試驗研究進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,建立了一套茅口組縫洞系統(tǒng)地震預(yù)測技術(shù)。使用該預(yù)測技術(shù),開展了蜀南地區(qū)LNT構(gòu)造氣藏勘探開發(fā)目標(biāo)評價,劃分了有利地區(qū),取得了很好的地質(zhì)效果。其應(yīng)用研究成果表明,該方法與技術(shù)研究成果均可適應(yīng)不同類型縫洞系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜多變性。
[Abstract]:In view of the worldwide difficult problem of fracture and cave prediction, starting from the present situation of the research on the exploration methods of fracture-cave oil and gas reservoirs, the fine target processing and reservoir prediction are carried out to find the fracture and cave system, which provides a clear exploration target for the further exploration and development of gas reservoirs. A set of effective methods and techniques for comprehensive prediction and evaluation of fractured-cavity reservoirs are established. In this paper, the technique is applied to the exploration practice of fracture hole reservoir in Maokou formation in Sichuan Basin, and the favorable exploration area is predicted. When there is a fissure and cavity system on the top surface of the Maokou formation, the amplitude of the reflection wave will weaken and form a weak amplitude. When there are relatively developed cracks and cavities between the layers of the Maokou formation (often filled with gas, water or other substances), there is a larger velocity between the seam and the surrounding media. The difference of density and wave impedance will result in strong reflection, especially the "short axis, strong trough" seismic response. Through multi-attribute analysis, it is concluded that the developed segment of the solution fracture-cavity reservoir of Maokou formation has the characteristics of "low frequency strong wave valley". (2) based on the analysis of seismic response characteristics and physical model of fracture and cavity system, The prediction technique of seismic nonlinear global inversion (velocity range is between 5000m/s~5900m/s) is established. A total of 31 wells are tested in the study area. The predicted reservoir velocity is consistent with that of drilling in the region. From the velocity inversion section, the distribution of high speed limestone and low velocity shale of Maoyi formation can be clearly seen, and the direction and distribution of fracture and cavity of Maokou formation reservoir can be determined, and good geological results can be obtained. Therefore, this technique provides a new technical support for solving the difficult problem of crack and cave prediction. The frequency variant AVO attribute inversion technique is based on the Chapman theory. The prestack seismic trace data with different wavelet frequencies from the same seismic data are used for the frequency variant AVO attribute inversion respectively. The AVO attributes, such as intercept, gradient and Poisson's ratio, are obtained by inversion. By calculating the ratio of the same attribute obtained by inversion at different frequencies, we can get the magnitude of the change of the attribute when the frequency changes. Because the velocity of the cavern is often much lower than that of the caprock, the attenuation here becomes more severe. Therefore, the high frequency part attenuates more, while the low frequency part with strong energy tends to be stronger than the adjacent region laterally. Poisson's ratio can reflect the change of lithology. In this paper, Poisson's ratio (AVO) attribute of low frequency is selected to identify caverns, and the result is compared with that of real drilling test. It is concluded that the oil and gas detection technology based on frequency-varying AVO attribute inversion technique is effective. This inversion technique is the best estimation method for the prediction of fractures and cavities, is the quantitative prediction technique of the fractures and cavities, and is a core technique for the prediction of the fractures and cavities. A set of seismic prediction techniques for the Maokou formation fracture-cavity system is established through systematic analysis of the experimental research on logging characteristics, model forward modeling, seismic attributes, inversion velocity and frequency-varying AVO attributes. Using this prediction technique, the target evaluation of exploration and development of LNT structural gas reservoirs in southern Shunan area has been carried out, and favorable areas have been divided, and good geological results have been obtained. The application results show that both the method and the technique can adapt to the complex variability of different types of fracture and cavity systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王開燕;徐清彥;張桂芳;程某存;李培海;;地震屬性分析技術(shù)綜述[J];地球物理學(xué)進(jìn)展;2013年02期

2 郭乃川;王尚旭;董春暉;郭銳;;地震勘探中小尺度非均勻性的描述及長波長理論[J];地球物理學(xué)報;2012年07期

3 吉云剛;韓劍發(fā);張正紅;王俊友;蘇勁;王宇;張敏;;塔里木盆地塔中北斜坡奧陶系鷹山組深部優(yōu)質(zhì)巖溶儲層的形成與分布[J];地質(zhì)學(xué)報;2012年07期

4 殷學(xué)鑫;劉洋;;二維隨機(jī)介質(zhì)模型正演模擬及其波場分析[J];石油地球物理勘探;2011年06期

5 楊海軍;韓劍發(fā);孫崇浩;王福煥;正巖;吉云剛;;塔中北斜坡奧陶系鷹山組巖溶型儲層發(fā)育模式與油氣勘探[J];石油學(xué)報;2011年02期

6 撒利明;姚逢昌;狄?guī)妥?姚姚;;縫洞型儲層地震響應(yīng)特征與識別方法[J];巖性油氣藏;2011年01期

7 趙迎月;顧漢明;李宗杰;楊子川;蔡成國;;塔中地區(qū)奧陶系典型地質(zhì)體地震識別模式[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(地球科學(xué)版);2010年06期

8 李勇;戴勇;吳大奎;李正文;;基于突變論的儲層邊界尖點突變技術(shù)及應(yīng)用研究[J];成都理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年05期

9 李勇;陳洪德;許多;李瓊;雷宛;;基于雙相介質(zhì)理論的油氣檢測方法及應(yīng)用研究[J];西南石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年03期

10 漆立新;云露;;塔河油田奧陶系碳酸鹽巖巖溶發(fā)育特征與主控因素[J];石油與天然氣地質(zhì);2010年01期

，

本文編號：1973211