本文選題：銅礦床 + 地質(zhì)特征��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：頗豁羅拉打銅礦礦床位于四川省美姑縣境內(nèi),其產(chǎn)出的大地構(gòu)造位置為揚子陸塊西南緣攀西裂谷帶中,含礦建造為峨眉山玄武巖。峨眉山玄武巖被認為是地幔柱作用的產(chǎn)物,廣泛發(fā)育于二疊系中,位于揚子克拉通西緣,主要分布于中國西南地區(qū),東西寬大于900km,南北長大于1000km,其中蘊含著豐富的銅鐵礦資源,特別是攀西裂谷地區(qū),發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量中小型銅鐵礦床,體現(xiàn)了良好的找礦潛力。本論文在大量野外實地調(diào)查及室內(nèi)樣品分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合大量前人對區(qū)域礦床(點)資料,在研究區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景、礦區(qū)地層特征、礦體特征等基礎(chǔ)上,對該礦床的控制因素進行了分析,并對該地區(qū)的找礦潛力進行了初步探討。礦區(qū)位于攀西裂谷普雄河斷裂帶東側(cè),二疊系峨眉山玄武巖地層發(fā)育較好,礦化特征明顯,礦體位于礦區(qū)北部,含礦地層為二疊系峨嵋山玄武巖組(P3e),主要為峨眉山玄武巖噴發(fā)構(gòu)造控礦。由于地表覆土厚,礦體在地表出露情況不好,通過工程揭露,礦體形態(tài)為似層狀、脈狀,地表未出現(xiàn)分支復(fù)合。礦體厚一般0.14~2.91m,最厚2.91m,平均1.41m,厚度變化系數(shù)64.92%;品位一般0.17%~6.01%,平均1.14%。礦體主要賦存峨眉山玄武巖下段(P3e1),其下伏地層為中二疊統(tǒng)茅口組(P2m),二者為不整合接觸。其含礦巖性為致密狀、氣孔(杏仁)狀、斑狀玄武巖,受玄武巖噴發(fā)構(gòu)造控制;礦體圍巖蝕變較明顯,一般沿礦體邊緣都有蝕變帶,主要為碳酸鹽化、黃鐵礦化、綠泥石化、硅化等,其中與礦體富集關(guān)系最為密切的是孔雀石化、硅化;礦物成分復(fù)雜,金屬礦物有黃銅礦、黃鐵礦、斑銅礦、輝銅礦、銅藍、藍銅礦和孔雀石等;非金屬礦物主要為綠泥石、石英、絹云母、長石、輝石等。有用礦物以次生硫化物為主,次為原生硫化物。初步分析認為,該礦床為玄武巖漿期后熱液型礦床。玄武巖漿活動提供了成礦物質(zhì)來源,并促使了后期成礦元素的富集成礦。古大陸大裂解時期,中 基性巖體的侵入,為本區(qū)內(nèi)生金屬礦床的形成奠定了成礦物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),而巖漿熱液活動也是成礦元素富集或沉淀原因,即玄武巖漿噴發(fā)晚期或間歇期火山熱液和玄武巖漿冷凝分異的含礦熱液以及熔巖的熱力作用直接或參與成礦。該區(qū)復(fù)雜的斷裂結(jié)構(gòu)為銅礦的形成創(chuàng)造了有利條件,而原生構(gòu)造如氣孔、杏仁、斑狀則有著裂隙較多,孔隙度較高利于流體的交代成礦或者貫入,為成礦流體提供了良好的聚集空間和運移通道。通過大量地質(zhì)分析,結(jié)合物探手段,初步探討了該區(qū)的找礦潛力,并總結(jié)了找礦模型。研究表明,在礦區(qū)南部銅礦化帶物探特征明顯,在野外露頭觀察中層狀的銅礦體規(guī)模相對較大,且銅礦品位及質(zhì)量也較好,具有較好的找礦前景。直接找礦標志為氧化露頭中孔雀石化。
[Abstract]:The Pohuolata copper deposit is located in Meigu County, Sichuan Province. The tectonic location of the deposit is in the Panxi rift belt of the southwest margin of the Yangtze block, and the ore-bearing formation is Emeishan basalt. Emeishan basalt is considered to be the product of mantle plume, widely developed in Permian, located in the western margin of Yangtze craton, mainly distributed in southwest China, with a width of more than 900km in the east and west, and a length of more than 1000km in the north and south, which contains abundant copper and iron ore resources. Especially in Panxi rift area, a large number of small and medium copper and iron ore deposits have been discovered, which shows good prospecting potential. On the basis of a large number of field investigations and indoor sample analysis, combined with a large number of previous data of regional deposits (points), this paper studies the regional geological background, mining area stratigraphic characteristics, orebody characteristics and so on. The controlling factors of the deposit are analyzed and the prospecting potential in this area is preliminarily discussed. The ore area is located on the east side of the Puxiong River fault zone of Panxi rift, the Permian Emeishan basalt strata are well developed, and the mineralization characteristics are obvious. The orebody is located in the northern part of the mining area. The ore-bearing strata are Permian Emei Mountain basalt formation (P _ 3e _ 3), which are mainly controlled by Emeishan basalt eruption structure. Because of the thick overlying earth, the orebody is not well exposed on the surface. Through engineering, it is revealed that the orebody is layered, veined, and there is no branch and compound on the surface. The thickness of ore body is generally 0.14 ~ 2.91 m, the thickest is 2.91 m, the average is 1.41 m, the coefficient of thickness variation is 64.92, and the grade is 0.17 ~ 6.01, with an average of 1.14. The orebody is mainly located in the lower member of Emeishan basalt, P3e1, the underlying strata of which is the middle Permian Maokou formation (P2mGU), and they are unconformable contact. The ore-bearing rocks are densified, stomatal (almond) like, porphyry basalt, controlled by basalt eruption structure, and the alteration of the surrounding rock of the orebody is obvious, and there are alteration zones along the edge of the orebody, mainly carbonate, pyrite, greenstone, etc. The silicification is most closely related to the enrichment of orebodies, such as peacock fossilization, silicification, complex mineral composition, chalcopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, copper blue, blue copper and malachite, etc. Non-metallic minerals are mainly chlorite, quartz, sericite, feldspar, pyroxene and so on. The useful minerals are mainly secondary sulfides and secondary primary sulphides. Preliminary analysis shows that the deposit is a Black Tortoise magmatic posthydrothermal deposit. Black Tortoise magmatism provides the source of ore-forming material and promotes the enrichment of ore-forming elements. During the great pyrolysis of the Paleocontinent, the intrusion of the basic rock bodies in the middle of China laid the basis for the formation of the metallogenic metal deposits in this area, and the magmatic hydrothermal activity was also the reason for the enrichment or precipitation of the ore-forming elements. That is, the mineralized hydrothermal fluid of Black Tortoise magma eruption late or intermittent period and Black Tortoise magma condensate differentiation, and the thermal process of lava directly or participate in ore-forming. The complex fault structure in this area creates favorable conditions for the formation of copper deposits, while primary structures such as pores, almonds and porphyry have more cracks, and higher porosity is conducive to metasomatic mineralization or penetration of fluids. It provides a good accumulation space and migration channel for the ore-forming fluid. Based on a large number of geological analysis and geophysical means, the prospecting potential of this area is preliminarily discussed, and the prospecting model is summarized. The results show that the geophysical prospecting features of the copper mineralization zone in the south of the mining area are obvious, the scale of the layered copper ore body in the field outcrop observation is relatively large, and the grade and quality of the copper deposit are better, so it has a better prospecting prospect. The direct prospecting mark is peafowl petrifaction in oxidized outcrop.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.41

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