本文選題：湖泊沉積 + 環(huán)境演化　； 參考：《聊城大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：黃河下游地區(qū)地處我國中北部,位于典型的東亞季風區(qū),對氣候變化的響應十分敏感。歷史時期黃河下游的湖澤超過180個,不亞于今日長江流域湖泊之數量,但在全球氣候變化的大背景下,由于受到黃河頻繁改道變遷以及人類活動加劇的影響,絕大多數湖澤已經消亡。該區(qū)域的湖泊沉積物蘊含了豐富的環(huán)境演變和人類活動的信息,對于湖泊沉積物的研究,將對恢復該區(qū)域古環(huán)境,理解黃河改道變遷歷史以及與人類活動的響應具有重要意義。論文以黃河下游地區(qū)古冷水溝短巖芯為研究對象,通過高精度的AMA-14C測年,結合粒度、TOC、C/N、元素等氣候/環(huán)境代用指標測試分析,重建了2500年以來該區(qū)域的沉積環(huán)境歷史,論文取得了以下研究結果:(1)基于精確的AMS-14C定年框架,結合粒度、WC、TOC等多指標分析表明:2500年以來冷水溝沉積環(huán)境大致可分為以下幾個特征階段:2500~1700 cal yr BP期間,為濱湖相或沖積平原相沉積環(huán)境;1700~1000 cal yr BP期間,為淺湖相沉積環(huán)境;1000 cal yr BP之后,轉化為河流相或沖積平原相沉積環(huán)境。(2)基于以上沉積環(huán)境及建立的年代框架,利用多環(huán)境代用指標綜合分析重建了近2500年以來冷水溝地區(qū)環(huán)境演變信息。結果表明:2500~1700cal yr BP,氣候較為暖濕,后期轉冷,且人類活動強度較低,湖泊受黃河改道影響頻繁,沉積環(huán)境為洪泛平原相或淺湖相沉積;1700~1000cal yr BP,氣候以暖濕為主,間或有極端干冷氣候,且變化頻繁,沉積環(huán)境為淺湖相靜水沉積或相對穩(wěn)定的湖濱相沉積;1000 cal yr BP演變?yōu)楹恿飨嗷驔_積平原相沉積,期間,人類活動影響逐漸增強,氣候較為溫暖,且呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢,這一時段,湖泊為發(fā)育后期,有走向衰亡的趨勢。(3)黃河下游地區(qū)環(huán)境演變的序列與北半球季風區(qū)石筍、極地和高原冰芯等記錄的綜合對比表明,區(qū)域氣候環(huán)境變化既有同步性,也有各自的特定及演化特征。通過探究發(fā)現(xiàn),本區(qū)域的環(huán)境變遷可能多受控于黃河改道以及地球系統(tǒng)內部相對復雜的海-陸-氣耦合過程。
[Abstract]:The lower reaches of the Yellow River, located in the north of China, are located in the typical East Asian monsoon region, and are sensitive to the response to climate change. The lower reaches of the lower reaches of the Yellow River are more than 180 in the historical period, no less than the number of lakes in the Yangtze River Basin today, but in the context of global climate change, the frequent changes in the Yellow River and the intensification of human activities are due to the changes in the global climate. The lake sediments in the region contain abundant environmental evolution and information of human activities. The study of lake sediments will be of great significance to the restoration of the Paleoenvironment in the region, the understanding of the history of the change of the Yellow River's change and the response to human activities in the lower the Yellow River region. The short rock core of the gully is the research object. Through the high precision AMA-14C dating, combined with the test and analysis of the climatic / environmental substitution indexes, such as grain size, TOC, C/N, and elements, the sedimentary environment history of the region has been reconstructed since 2500. The following results have been obtained in this paper: (1) based on the precise AMS-14C annual framework, combined with the granularity, WC, TOC and other index analysis, it is shown that Since 2500, the sedimentary environment of chilled water gully can be divided into the following characteristic stages: during the period of 2500~1700 cal yr BP, the sedimentary environment for Binhu facies or alluvial plain facies; during 1700~1000 cal yr BP, it is shallow lacustrine sedimentary environment; after 1000 cal yr BP, it is converted into fluvial facies or alluvial plain facies sedimentary environment. (2) based on the above sedimentary environment and construction The environmental evolution information of cold water gully area since 2500 was reconstructed by the comprehensive analysis of multi environment substitution index. The results showed that the 2500~1700cal yr BP was warm and wet, later cooled, and the intensity of human activity was low. The lake was influenced frequently by the Yellow River transformation, and the sedimentary environment was flooded plain or shallow lacustrine facies; 1700~10 00cal yr BP, the climate is mainly warm and wet, and there is an extreme dry and cold climate with frequent changes. The sedimentary environment is shallow lacustrine hydrostatic deposit or relatively stable lakeside deposit; 1000 cal yr BP evolves into fluvial facies or alluvial plain facies. During the period, the influence of human activity gradually increases, the climate is warmer, and presents a rising trend, this period, this time period, The lake has a trend of decline and decline in the late development. (3) the sequence of environmental evolution in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the records of the northern hemisphere monsoon area stalagmite, polar and plateau ice cores show that the regional climate and environment changes are both synchronous, and also have their own specific and evolutionary characteristics. It is controlled by the transformation of the Yellow River and the relatively complicated sea land atmosphere coupling process within the earth system.
【學位授予單位】：聊城大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P532;P512.2

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