本文選題：厚層基巖滑坡 + 軟弱夾層　； 參考：《長安大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：層狀基巖斜坡是指巖體內(nèi)分布有一組占絕對優(yōu)勢結構面的斜坡,優(yōu)勢結構面一般為層面、軟弱夾層或者是節(jié)理面,它們是復雜巖體的典型特征之一。厚層狀基巖斜坡在我國川滇、黔渝、鄂湘等西南山區(qū)廣泛分布,該區(qū)域?qū)訝罱Y構山體往往發(fā)育有數(shù)層巖性為泥巖、粘土巖或頁巖的軟弱夾層(帶),與巖體內(nèi)部巖溶帶或節(jié)理面構成巖體與山體的分離面,經(jīng)過長期蠕滑變形失穩(wěn),發(fā)生崩塌、滑坡等地質(zhì)災害,災害往往規(guī)模巨大、危害性極高。本文以重慶武隆雞尾山滑坡為例,對受軟弱夾層控制的厚層基巖滑坡失穩(wěn)機理開展了研究。在詳細的現(xiàn)場地質(zhì)調(diào)查基礎上,查明了滑坡形成的地質(zhì)環(huán)境背景,理清了滑坡的基本特征與變形歷史,闡明了滑坡的失穩(wěn)模式和成因機制。從導致滑坡蠕滑變形的關鍵因素——軟弱夾層和巖溶帶的強度衰減問題入手。結合現(xiàn)場地質(zhì)調(diào)查成果和室內(nèi)巖石分析試驗,探討了軟弱夾層的沉積環(huán)境與物質(zhì)基礎、發(fā)育演化特征和巖層結構,提出了雞尾山型滑帶軟弱夾層的演化模式與演化發(fā)展階段:原生軟巖→層間剪切帶→滑帶,從礦物學、力學和物理化學等方面解釋了層狀基巖軟弱夾層的演化機制。開展了軟弱夾層剪切流變力學試驗,建立了適合軟弱夾層各演化階段的非線性損傷流變力學模型。采用有限差分軟件FLAC3D模擬了巖溶發(fā)育帶不同巖溶程度的剪切破壞特征。基于雞尾山后部驅(qū)動塊體驅(qū)動,前緣關鍵塊體阻滑的滑動機制,推導并建立了受軟弱夾層控制的厚層狀基巖滑坡的三維極限平衡分析力學模型,計算了不同方案滑坡體的下滑推力與安全系數(shù)的變化趨勢,從力學上揭示了受軟弱夾層控制的層狀基巖滑坡的失穩(wěn)機理。并將三維極限平衡分析力學模型推廣應用到變巖層傾角的條件下層狀基巖滑坡的穩(wěn)定性分析中,得到了變傾角條件下不同方案滑坡穩(wěn)定性的影響規(guī)律。本文通過以上研究,取得了以下主要結論:(1)層狀基巖滑坡的穩(wěn)定性受地形地貌、地層組合、巖體結構、巖溶發(fā)育等方面的控制,具有后部驅(qū)動塊體驅(qū)動,前緣關鍵塊體阻滑的滑動機制�；麦w的變形歷史追溯久遠,底部軟弱夾層強度降低與側邊界巖溶發(fā)育帶剪斷構成了層狀基巖滑坡蠕滑變形的關鍵因素。(2)分析了軟弱夾層形成滑帶的發(fā)育特征、礦物成分、微結構等方面的演化過程,提出了雞尾山型滑帶軟弱夾層的演化模式,將其分為三個演化階段:原生軟巖→層間剪切帶→滑帶,并從力學、礦物學和物理化學等多學科角度揭示了雞尾山型軟弱夾層的演化機制。(3)開展了剪切流變試驗,獲取了軟弱夾層各演化階段的力學強度參數(shù),并通過流變力學特性研究,解釋了軟弱夾層在演化中強度參數(shù)逐漸衰減的過程。引入損傷變量,建立了適合軟弱夾層各演化階段的非線性損傷流變力學模型。同時,采用有限差分軟件FLAC3D模擬了不同巖溶發(fā)育程度溶蝕巖塊的剪切破壞特性,定量評價了溶蝕巖體的強度衰減過程。(4)基于雞尾山關鍵塊體理論,分別討論了邊界強度條件的不同方案組合,推導并建立了受軟弱夾層控制的層狀基巖滑坡的三維極限平衡分析力學模型,計算了幾種方案條件下滑坡體穩(wěn)定性的三維變化趨勢,并進行了對比分析。從力學上揭示了受軟弱夾層控制的層狀基巖滑坡的失穩(wěn)機理。(5)將三維極限平衡分析力學模型推廣應用到變巖層傾角條件下滑坡的穩(wěn)定性評價中,討論了滑坡處于臨界狀態(tài)時,底滑面與巖溶帶抗剪強度參數(shù)組合的變化范圍,并建立了不同傾角條件下關于邊界強度參數(shù)的滑坡穩(wěn)定性的三維臨界曲面。
[Abstract]:The stratified bedrock slope is a slope in which the rock is distributed in a group of absolutely dominant structural surfaces. The dominant structural faces are generally stratified, weak intercalated or joint surface. They are one of the typical characteristics of complex rock masses. The thick layered bedrock slopes are widely distributed in Western Nanshan District, such as I, Qian Yu, Huxiang and other Western Nanshan District. The development of several layers of lithology is the weak interlayer of mudstone, clay rock or shale, and the karst zone or joint in the rock mass formed the separation surface of the rock mass and the mountain. After a long period of creep deformation, collapse, landslide and other geological disasters, the disaster is often large and dangerous. This paper takes the landslide of the chicken tail mountain in Wulong, Chongqing as an example, to be soft. On the basis of detailed field geological survey, the geological environment background of the landslide is found on the basis of detailed field geological survey. The basic characteristics and deformation history of the landslide are clarified, and the instability mode and the cause mechanism of the landslide are clarified. The key factor which causes the creep deformation of the landslide is the weak interlayer. Based on the results of field geological survey and laboratory rock analysis test, the sedimentary environment and material foundation of the weak intercalation, the characteristics of development and evolution and the structure of rock strata are discussed. The evolution mode and evolution stage of the soft interlayer of the chicken tail mountain type slide zone are put forward: the primary soft rock, the interlayer shear zone and the slide zone. From the aspects of mineralogy, mechanics and physics and chemistry, the evolution mechanism of the soft layer of layered bedrock is explained. The shear rheological mechanics test of soft intercalation is carried out, and a nonlinear damage rheological model suitable for the different evolution stages of the weak intercalation is established. The finite difference software FLAC3D is used to simulate the shearing of the karst development zone with different karst degrees. Based on the sliding mechanism of the driving block in the rear of the chicken tail mountain and the sliding mechanism of the key block in the front edge, a three-dimensional limit equilibrium analysis mechanical model of the thick layered bedrock landslides controlled by the weak intercalation is derived and established. The change trend of the sliding thrust and the safety factor of the different landslide bodies is calculated, and the mechanics of the landslide are revealed by the mechanics. The instability mechanism of layered bedrock landslides controlled by weak intercalation is applied to the stability analysis of layered bedrock landslides under the condition of the dip angle of variable rock stratum, and the influence law of the landslide stability under the condition of variable dip angle is obtained. The following main conclusions are obtained through the above study. (1) the stability of stratiform bedrock landslides is controlled by topography, formation, rock structure, and karst development. The landslide is driven by the rear driving block and the key block of the front edge is slipping. The deformation history of the landslide is traced back long, the strength of the weak intercalation at the bottom and the side boundary karst development zone cut down to form the layered bedrock. The key factors for the creep deformation of the landslide. (2) the evolution of the development characteristics, mineral composition and micro structure of the soft intercalation zone were analyzed. The evolution mode of the soft interlayer of the chicken tail mountain type slider was proposed, and it was divided into three stages of evolution: primary soft rock, interlayer shear zone and sliding zone, and from mechanics, mineralogical and physical chemistry. The evolution mechanism of the weak interlayer of the chicken tail mountain type was revealed in the multidisciplinary perspective. (3) the shear rheological test was carried out to obtain the mechanical strength parameters of the weak intercalation stages, and through the study of the rheological mechanics, the gradual decay process of the strength parameters in the evolution of the weak intercalation was explained. The damage variable was introduced and a suitable soft clamp was established. At the same time, the nonlinear damage rheological mechanics model of each evolution stage is modeled. The shear failure characteristics of different karst erosion rocks are simulated by the finite difference software FLAC3D, and the strength attenuation process of the dissolved rock mass is evaluated quantitatively. (4) based on the key block theory of the chicken tail mountain, the different combinations of the boundary strength conditions are discussed respectively. The three-dimensional limit equilibrium analysis mechanics model of layered bedrock landslides controlled by weak intercalation is derived and established, and the three-dimensional trend of the slope stability of several scheme conditions is calculated, and the comparative analysis is carried out. From the mechanics, the instability mechanism of the layered bedrock landslides controlled by the weak intercalation is revealed. (5) the three-dimensional limit equilibrium is balanced. The analytical mechanics model is popularized and applied to the stability evaluation of the landslide under the condition of the variable rock layer angle. The variation range of the combination of the shear strength parameters of the bottom sliding surface and the karst zone is discussed when the landslide is in the critical state, and the three-dimensional critical surface of the landslide stability under the condition of different inclination angles is established.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P642.22

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