本文選題：大水金礦 + XRF��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：X射線熒光光譜(X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, XRF)法是核地球物理學(xué)和核技術(shù)應(yīng)用的重要組成部分,其分析方法是利用放射性同位素源或X射線光管發(fā)出的射線照射被測(cè)物質(zhì),使被測(cè)物質(zhì)受激后發(fā)出特征X射線(即X熒光),再通過(guò)測(cè)量X熒光的能量和照射量率進(jìn)行定性和定量分析來(lái)確定被測(cè)物質(zhì)中待測(cè)元素種類和含量的一種物理分析技術(shù)。XRF法作為常規(guī)分析手段開始于20世紀(jì)50年代初,經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)十年的發(fā)展,該法已成為地球化學(xué)樣品分析中應(yīng)用最為廣泛的分析手段之一。XRF分析技術(shù)在眾多的現(xiàn)代儀器分析中是十分引人注目的,具有多元素同時(shí)測(cè)定、靈敏度高、檢出限低、重現(xiàn)性和精密度好、試樣制備簡(jiǎn)單、分析速度快、成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于地質(zhì)、冶金、化工等領(lǐng)域以及各類分析化學(xué)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室,尤其XRF法在地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)勘查方面得到了推廣應(yīng)用,具體表現(xiàn)為：XRF法在地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)部、冶金工業(yè)部、中國(guó)人民武裝警察黃金指揮部等部門得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,并在勘查金、銀、銅、錫、鉛鋅礦等礦床方面取得了很大成就。甘肅瑪曲大水金礦自20世紀(jì)90年代發(fā)現(xiàn)后已開采利用20多年,現(xiàn)被列入危機(jī)礦山行列,其外圍隱伏礦的尋找已迫在眉捷。本次大水金礦研究區(qū)覆蓋層較厚,基巖露頭少,地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象不明顯,要在該區(qū)域?qū)ふ业V化異常現(xiàn)象,土壤地球化學(xué)測(cè)量成為必然的選擇。然而土壤樣品的測(cè)量方法至關(guān)重要,測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性關(guān)系著找礦效果的成敗。鑒于XRF分析技術(shù)在測(cè)定地質(zhì)樣品方面的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì),本次土壤樣品的測(cè)試選擇XRF法。本次研究中,首先建立了波長(zhǎng)色散X射線熒光光譜法(WDXRF)的工作曲線,對(duì)土壤樣品進(jìn)行測(cè)試；其次,對(duì)地球化學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)做了多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,探討了Au元素與其它元素之間的關(guān)系；最后,采用傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法和分形方法分別對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,求取異常下限,運(yùn)用MAPGIS、Surfer專業(yè)制圖軟件繪制地球化學(xué)異常圖和綜合評(píng)價(jià)圖,并結(jié)合礦區(qū)地質(zhì)特征圈定了找礦靶區(qū)。經(jīng)過(guò)以上研究,得出以下結(jié)論：(1)本研究中,在波長(zhǎng)色散X射線熒光光譜儀中建立工作曲線,該曲線檢出限低、精密度高、準(zhǔn)確性好,測(cè)量結(jié)果滿意。(2)通過(guò)相關(guān)性分析、聚類分析和因子分析可知,Au的成礦具獨(dú)立性的特點(diǎn),Au與Ag、As、Co、W元素相關(guān)性較好；聚類分析中,Au、Ag、Co、W為一類,與相關(guān)性結(jié)論一致,反應(yīng)了中低溫礦化組合；Ag、Co、W與Au密切共生,與成礦作用關(guān)系較大,可作為Au富集的直接指示元素。通過(guò)因子分析,明確了Au的富集是多期次疊加的結(jié)果,且受構(gòu)造控制。(3)傳統(tǒng)方法與分形法分別處理數(shù)據(jù),從兩種方法的結(jié)果看,分形法確定的異常下限普遍比傳統(tǒng)方法求得的異常下限值低,這說(shuō)明分形法在提取弱異常方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)。(4)通過(guò)制作單元素異常對(duì)比圖,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種方法下Au、Ag、Co、Cu、W元素在相同的位置都有異常,驗(yàn)證了分形法的有效性。Ag、Co、W是與Au密切共生的元素,因此,Ag、Co、W異常區(qū)是Au富集成礦的有利地區(qū)。(5)通過(guò)制作綜合異常圖,結(jié)合工作區(qū)內(nèi)的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征,圈出三個(gè)找礦靶區(qū)。其中,工作區(qū)北部出現(xiàn)了一處較大規(guī)模的異常,具體分布在B線勘探線的中部和后部及D線的中后部；中部異常區(qū)規(guī)模也較大,呈南北向串珠狀分布,具體分布在E線的前部,F線的中部及G、H線的后部；工作區(qū)南部的第三處異常呈獨(dú)立狀產(chǎn)出,具體分布在L勘探線的中偏后部。(6)通過(guò)對(duì)大水金礦工作區(qū)的綜合研究,表明該區(qū)成礦潛力大,可對(duì)本文所圈定的異常區(qū)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)墓こ舔?yàn)證,指導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步找礦工作。
[Abstract]:X ray fluorescence spectroscopy (X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, XRF) is an important part of nuclear geophysics and nuclear technology. Its analysis method is to irradiate the measured material by radioactive isotope source or X ray tube, so that the characteristic X rays (X fluorescence) are emitted after the material is stimulated, and then the X fluorescence is measured. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the energy and the rate of radiation to determine the type and content of the elements to be measured in the measured material, a physical analysis technique.XRF, as a conventional means of analysis, began in the early 1950s. After decades of development, the method has become one of the most widely used analysis means in the geochemical sample analysis,.XRF. It has been widely used in geological, metallurgical, chemical and chemical research laboratories, especially XRF. It has many advantages, such as multi element simultaneous determination, high sensitivity, low detection limit, good reproducibility and precision, simple preparation, fast analysis, low cost and so on. The method has been popularized and applied in geological and mineral exploration. The XRF method has been widely used in the Ministry of Geology and mineral resources, the Ministry of metallurgical industry and the gold command of the Chinese people's armed police, and has made great achievements in the exploration of gold, silver, copper, tin, lead and zinc ore deposits. The Maqu Da Shui gold mine, Gansu, since 1990s After discovery and utilization for more than 20 years, it is now included in the ranks of the crisis mines. The exploration of the outer enclosed hidden ore has been forced to be in the face of eyebrow. The cover layer of the research area of the great water gold mine is thick, the rock outcrop is few and the geological phenomenon is not obvious. The measurement method is very important. The accuracy of the measurement data is related to the success or failure of the prospecting effect. In view of the unique advantages of the XRF analysis technology in the measurement of geological samples, the test of the soil sample is selected by the XRF method. In this study, the working curve of the wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF) was first established, and the soil samples were tested; Secondly, the multivariate statistical analysis of geochemical data is made, and the relationship between Au elements and other elements is discussed. Finally, the traditional statistical methods and fractal methods are used to deal with the data, and the abnormal lower limits are obtained. MAPGIS and Surfer professional cartography software are used to draw the geochemical anomaly map and comprehensive evaluation map of the ground ball, and the mining area is combined with the mining area. The qualitative characteristics are delineated for the target prospecting target area. Through the above study, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) in this study, the working curve is established in the wavelength dispersive X ray fluorescence spectrometer. The curve detection limit is low, the precision is high, the accuracy is good, and the results are satisfactory. (2) through correlation analysis, cluster analysis and factor analysis, it is known that the mineralization of the Au is independent. Characteristics, Au has good correlation with Ag, As, Co, and W elements. In cluster analysis, Au, Ag, Co, W are a class, which are consistent with the correlation conclusion, and reflect the combination of middle and low temperature mineralization, Ag, Co, W is closely related to the mineralization, and can be used as direct indicator element for the enrichment. (3) the traditional method and fractal method respectively deal with the data. From the results of the two methods, the abnormity lower limit determined by the fractal method is generally lower than that of the conventional method. It shows that the fractal method has the advantage in extracting the weak anomaly. (4) by making the single element anomaly contrast diagram, the two methods are found to be Au, Ag, Co, Cu. W elements have abnormality in the same location, which verifies the validity of the fractal method.Ag, Co, and W are the elements closely associated with Au. Therefore, Ag, Co, W abnormal areas are the favorable areas of Au rich integration. (5) by making comprehensive anomaly maps and combining with the geological structural features in the working area, three prospecting targets are circled. The large scale anomalies are specifically distributed in the middle and back parts of the B line exploration line and the middle and back parts of the D line, and the central anomaly area is also large in size, and is distributed in the north and south of the string. It is distributed in the front of the E line, the middle of the F line and the rear of the G and H line, and the third anomalies in the southern part of the working area are independently produced, and are concretely distributed after the middle partial deviation of the L exploration line. (6) through a comprehensive study of the working area of Da Shui gold mine, it is shown that the potential of the area is large, and it can be verified by proper engineering and guide the further prospecting work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.51;P631.6

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