本文選題：樂(lè)山市沙灣區(qū) + 地下水資源現(xiàn)狀��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：沙灣區(qū)位于樂(lè)山市中偏北部,是樂(lè)山的工業(yè)重地,原有沫江煤礦,現(xiàn)有德勝集團(tuán)、西南不銹鋼廠,都屬于高污水企業(yè),地下水污染已經(jīng)成為沙灣區(qū)不可忽視的問(wèn)題。沙灣區(qū)隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展、人口城鎮(zhèn)化比例提高、城區(qū)建設(shè)及重工業(yè)投資等一系列發(fā)展,使得地下水資源問(wèn)題不斷惡化。如何加強(qiáng)水資源保護(hù),實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控地下水污染,并做到合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用地下水資源,保障地下水的可持續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā)利用,已成為一項(xiàng)迫在眉睫的任務(wù)。本文以沙灣區(qū)地下水開(kāi)發(fā)利用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)作為主要研究?jī)?nèi)容,以水資源現(xiàn)狀為研究基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)及相關(guān)調(diào)查報(bào)告,整理分析了沙灣區(qū)自然地理概況、地質(zhì)背景、水文地質(zhì)條件、水資源量及水質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià),以所得結(jié)果作為地下水開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的依據(jù),并綜合考慮自然狀況、開(kāi)發(fā)利用現(xiàn)狀、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況,運(yùn)用突變理論評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)沙灣區(qū)地下水開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出評(píng)價(jià),并針對(duì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行改進(jìn),對(duì)沙灣區(qū)地下水開(kāi)發(fā)利用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行突出指標(biāo)的單項(xiàng)分析及綜合評(píng)價(jià)分析。本文主要研究成果如下:(1)對(duì)沙灣區(qū)的自然地理、地質(zhì)背景、水文地質(zhì)條件進(jìn)行的詳細(xì)的闡述,沙灣區(qū)屬熱帶季風(fēng)濕潤(rùn)氣候區(qū),大渡河流域南北向橫穿沙灣區(qū),地勢(shì)由西南向東北不斷降低,出露地層較全,除泥盆系、石炭系、志留系缺失外,從上元古界震旦系至第四系的松散地層均有出露。地下水按富水性質(zhì)、地層巖性、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造及水力特征,將地下水劃分為三大類:松散巖類孔隙水、基巖裂隙水和碳酸鹽巖類裂隙巖溶水。地下水化學(xué)類型以HCO3-Ca、HCO3-Ca.Mg為主。(2)對(duì)本次評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)所需的水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行確定,并根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。地下水天然資源補(bǔ)給總量7840.20×104m3,地下水可開(kāi)采資源量為4449.73×104m3。水質(zhì)方面,根據(jù)《地下水質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T14848-93》,對(duì)主要污染指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了分析,所取51個(gè)樣品,用修正內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法得出有9個(gè)為重度污染指標(biāo),主要超標(biāo)項(xiàng)為鐵、錳、硫酸鹽、溶解性總固體及總硬度,其中以硫酸鹽超標(biāo)最為突出。(3)介紹了地下水開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的概念、評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容及常用方法。詳細(xì)論述了指標(biāo)體系的建立及結(jié)構(gòu),并詳細(xì)介紹了突變理論的基本原理及評(píng)價(jià)模型,以樂(lè)山市沙灣區(qū)為實(shí)例,逐步按照評(píng)價(jià)步驟對(duì)該地區(qū)地下水開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。并用改進(jìn)突變理論對(duì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行處理,選取了自然狀況、開(kāi)發(fā)利用現(xiàn)狀、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況三個(gè)指標(biāo)群及15個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。然后對(duì)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行歸一化處理,再通過(guò)七種基本模型逐層進(jìn)行計(jì)算,最后得到總目標(biāo)層評(píng)價(jià)值。計(jì)算過(guò)程無(wú)需任何主觀權(quán)重,結(jié)果較為客觀(4)根據(jù)沙灣區(qū)地形地貌特征及地下水富水性特征,將13個(gè)行政區(qū)域劃分為8個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)域,總體來(lái)看,沙灣區(qū)地下水開(kāi)發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值在0.19222～0.4788之間,均屬于微輕險(xiǎn),個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大小如下:Ⅰ-1(0.1922),Ⅰ-2(0.1934),Ⅱ-1(0.3291),Ⅱ-2 ( 0.4034), Ⅱ-3 (0.3823), Ⅲ-1 (0.4788), Ⅲ-2 (0.3777), Ⅲ-3 (0.2309)。Ⅲ-1 Ⅱ-2) Ⅱ-3 Ⅲ-2 Ⅱ-1)Ⅲ-3 Ⅰ-1 Ⅰ-2。
[Abstract]:Sha Wan District, located in the north of Leshan, is a heavy industrial area in Leshan. The original Mo Jiang coal mine, the existing Desheng group and the southwest stainless steel plant are all high sewage enterprises. The groundwater pollution has become a problem that can not be ignored in the Shawan area. With the rapid development of the social economy, the proportion of the population urbanization, the urban construction and the heavy industry in the Sha Wan district. A series of development, such as investment, has made the problem of groundwater resources worsening. How to strengthen the protection of water resources, monitor the pollution of groundwater in real time, and make rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources and ensure the sustainable exploitation and utilization of groundwater has become an urgent task. This article takes the evaluation of the exploitation and utilization of groundwater in Shawan area as a critical task. The main research content, taking the water resources status as the research foundation, through consulting the domestic and foreign literature and related investigation report, collates and analyzes the natural geography, geological background, hydrogeological conditions, water resources and water quality evaluation in Shawan area, taking the results as the basis for the evaluation of the groundwater development risk, and comprehensively considering the natural condition, and developing the development of the water resources. Using the present situation, the social and economic situation, using the catastrophe theory evaluation method to evaluate the groundwater development risk in Shawan District, and to improve the analysis results, the single item analysis and comprehensive evaluation analysis of the groundwater exploitation and utilization risk in Shawan area are carried out. The main research results are as follows: (1) the natural geography of Shawan District The Sandy Bay area belongs to the humid climate zone of the tropical monsoon, and the Dadu River Basin runs across the Shawan area from the South West to the northeast, and the outcropping strata are complete. Except the Devonian, Carboniferous and Silurian, the loose strata from the Upper Proterozoic Sinian to the quaternary system have been exposed. Water is divided into three major categories: loose rock pore water, bedrock fissure water and carbonate rock fissure karst water. Groundwater chemical types are mainly HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca.Mg. (2) the hydrogeological parameters required for this evaluation index are determined, and the related data are based on the related data. The total recharge of natural resources of groundwater is 7840.20 * 104m3, and the amount of groundwater resources is 4449.73 x 104m3.. According to the quality standard GB/T14848-93> of the groundwater, the main pollution indexes are analyzed. 51 samples are taken, and 9 of the serious pollution indexes are obtained by the modified Nemero index method. The main super standard is iron. Manganese, sulphate, total dissolved solids and total hardness, among which sulfate is the most outstanding. (3) the concept of risk assessment for groundwater development, evaluation content and common methods are introduced. The establishment and structure of the index system are discussed in detail, and the basic principle and evaluation model of the catastrophe theory are introduced in detail, taking Shawan District of Leshan as an example. The risk of groundwater development in this area is evaluated according to the evaluation step by step, and the analysis results are processed with the improved catastrophe theory. The natural condition, the development and utilization status, the social and economic status three index groups and the 15 evaluation indexes are selected. Then the data are treated in one way, and then the seven basic models are carried out by layer by layer. The calculation process finally obtains the evaluation value of the total target layer. The calculation process does not need any subjective weight, the result is more objective (4) according to the features of topography and geomorphology of Shawan area and the characteristics of water rich in underground water, the 13 administrative regions are divided into 8 evaluation regions. In general, the risk value of groundwater opening in Shawan area is between 0.19222 and 0.4788, all of which belong to the micro light insurance. The size of a regional risk assessment is as follows: I -1 (0.1922), I -2 (0.1934), II -1 (0.3291), II -2 (0.4034), II -3 (0.3823), III -1 (0.4788), III -2 (0.3777), III -3 (0.2309), III -1 II -2) II -3 III -2 II -2
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.8

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