本文選題：泥頁(yè)巖 + 沉積特征��； 參考：《石油學(xué)報(bào)》2017年01期

【摘要】：泥頁(yè)巖的沉積環(huán)境與形成方式都將控制其礦物、有機(jī)質(zhì)特征并影響巖石的生烴潛力。選取東營(yíng)凹陷古近系沙河街組泥頁(yè)巖,開(kāi)展巖石薄片觀(guān)察、X射線(xiàn)衍射和熱解等檢測(cè),研究巖石的礦物學(xué)特征和有機(jī)質(zhì)特征,解析各類(lèi)泥頁(yè)巖成因與生烴能力的差異。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),研究區(qū)的塊狀、紋層狀和含石膏構(gòu)造泥頁(yè)巖中構(gòu)造特征各異,礦物成分(碎屑、黏土、碳酸鹽礦物和石膏類(lèi)礦物等)含量變化大,有機(jī)質(zhì)特征也各不相同。綜合分析礦物與有機(jī)質(zhì)的特征及組合關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)紋層頁(yè)巖和斷續(xù)紋層頁(yè)巖是以生物作用為主導(dǎo)形成的沉積產(chǎn)物,生烴能力最強(qiáng);寬紋層頁(yè)巖和均勻塊狀泥巖屬化學(xué)沉積作用的產(chǎn)物,具有較強(qiáng)的生烴能力;含碎屑?jí)K狀泥巖主要通過(guò)機(jī)械作用沉積而成,含石膏構(gòu)造泥巖則在蒸發(fā)環(huán)境下通過(guò)化學(xué)沉淀形成,兩者的生烴能力較弱。比較東營(yíng)凹陷沙河街組三段中亞段—沙河街組四段上亞段的泥頁(yè)巖類(lèi)型,發(fā)現(xiàn)沙河街組三段中亞段和沙河街組四段純下次亞段以機(jī)械和化學(xué)作用形成的含碎屑?jí)K狀和含石膏構(gòu)造泥巖為主,導(dǎo)致2個(gè)層段的生烴能力較弱;沙河街組三段下亞段和沙河街組四段純上次亞段以生物或化學(xué)沉積作用形成的紋層狀頁(yè)巖為主,導(dǎo)致2個(gè)層段的生烴能力較強(qiáng)。因此,關(guān)注泥頁(yè)巖礦物和有機(jī)質(zhì)組合關(guān)系,從機(jī)械、化學(xué)和生物等沉積方式差異的角度探討各類(lèi)泥頁(yè)巖的成因和生烴能力的變化,能夠?yàn)榉浅Ｒ?guī)油氣勘探提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:The sedimentary environment and formation mode of shale will control the characteristics of minerals and organic matter and affect the hydrocarbon generation potential of rocks. The shale of the Shahejie formation of Paleogene in Dongying sag was selected to study the mineralogical characteristics and organic matter characteristics of the rocks by means of X-ray diffraction and pyrolysis of the thin sections of the rocks, and to analyze the difference between the genesis and hydrocarbon generation ability of various shale rocks. It is found that the tectonic characteristics of block, lamellar and gypsum bearing structural shale are different, the contents of mineral components (clastic, clay, carbonate minerals and gypsum minerals, etc.) vary greatly, and the characteristics of organic matter are different. By comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and assemblages of minerals and organic matter, it is found that fine grain shale and intermittent striated shale are sedimentary products dominated by biological action, and the hydrocarbon generation ability is the strongest. Wide-grained shale and homogeneous block mudstone are the product of chemical deposition, and have strong hydrocarbon generation ability, while clastic block mudstone is mainly deposited by mechanical action, while gypsum tectonic mudstone is formed by chemical precipitation in evaporative environment. The hydrocarbon generation ability of both is weak. To compare the shale types of the middle part of the third member of the Shahejie formation and the upper submember of the fourth member of the Shahejie formation in Dongying Sag, It is found that the third member of the Shahejie formation and the fourth member of the Shahejie formation are dominated by clastic block and gypsum tectonic mudstone, which leads to the weak hydrocarbon generation ability of the two formations. The lower submember of the third member of Shahejie formation and the fourth member of the Shahejie formation are dominated by stratified shale formed by biological or chemical deposition, resulting in strong hydrocarbon generation ability of the two formations. Therefore, paying attention to the relationship between shale minerals and organic matter, and discussing the origin and hydrocarbon generation ability of shale from the point of view of mechanical, chemical and biological sedimentary patterns, can provide a new way of thinking for unconventional oil and gas exploration.
【作者單位】： 同濟(jì)大學(xué)海洋地質(zhì)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中海石油(中國(guó))有限公司上海分公司;中國(guó)石油化工股份有限公司勝利油田分公司勘探開(kāi)發(fā)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(No.41372130,No.41672115) 國(guó)家重大科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(2016ZX05006-001-003)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P618.13

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